tomcat(5)servlet容器

// invoke each valve added to the pipeline，先是非基础阀调用 invoke方法
for(;;){
    valve[i].invoke();
}
// then, invoke the basic valve， 后是基础阀调用 invoke方法（基础阀最后一个调用invoke方法）
basicValve.invoke(...);
 public void invoke(Request request, Response response) // SimplePipeline.invoke()
    throws IOException, ServletException {
    // Invoke the first Valve in this pipeline for this request
    (new SimplePipelineValveContext()).invokeNext(request, response);
  }
public void invokeNext(Request request, Response response) // SimplePipeline.invokeNext()
      throws IOException, ServletException {
      int subscript = stage;
      stage = stage + 1;
      // Invoke the requested Valve for the current request thread
      if (subscript < valves.length) {
        valves[subscript].invoke(request, response, this);
      }
      else if ((subscript == valves.length) && (basic != null)) {
        basic.invoke(request, response, this);
      }
      else {
        throw new ServletException("No valve");
      }
    }
  } // end of inner class

public interface Pipeline {
    public Valve getBasic();
    public void setBasic(Valve valve);
    public void addValve(Valve valve);
    public Valve[] getValves(); 
    public void invoke(Request request, Response response) 
        throws IOException, ServletException;
    public void removeValve(Valve valve); 
}?

public interface Valve {
    public String getInfo();                                                                              
　　 public void invoke(Request request, Response response,ValveContext context) throws IOException, ServletException;

public interface Contained {   
    public Container getContainer();
    public void setContainer(Container container);
}?

public interface Wrapper extends Container {     
    public long getAvailable();
    public void setAvailable(long available);
    public String getJspFile(); 
    public void setJspFile(String jspFile); 
    public int getLoadOnStartup(); 
    public void setLoadOnStartup(int value); 
    public String getRunAs(); 
    public void setRunAs(String runAs); 
    public String getServletClass(); 
    public void setServletClass(String servletClass); 
    public boolean isUnavailable(); 
    public void addInitParameter(String name, String value);     
    public void addInstanceListener(InstanceListener listener);     
    public void addSecurityReference(String name, String link);     
    public Servlet allocate() throws ServletException;     
    public void deallocate(Servlet servlet) throws ServletException;     
    public String findInitParameter(String name);    
    public String[] findInitParameters();     
    public String findSecurityReference(String name);     
    public String[] findSecurityReferences();    
    public void load() throws ServletException;    
    public void removeInitParameter(String name); 
    public void removeInstanceListener(InstanceListener listener);     
    public void removeSecurityReference(String name);  
    public void unavailable(UnavailableException unavailable);   
    public void unload() throws ServletException;
}

public class SimpleLoader implements Loader {

  public static final String WEB_ROOT =
    System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator  + "webroot";

  ClassLoader classLoader = null;
  Container container = null;

  public SimpleLoader() {
    try {
      URL[] urls = new URL[1];
      URLStreamHandler streamHandler = null;
      File classPath = new File(WEB_ROOT);
      String repository = (new URL("file", null, classPath.getCanonicalPath() + File.separator)).toString() ;
      urls[0] = new URL(null, repository, streamHandler);
      classLoader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
    }
    catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println(e.toString() );
    }
  }

public class SimplePipeline implements Pipeline {

  public SimplePipeline(Container container) {
    setContainer(container);
  }

  // The basic Valve (if any) associated with this Pipeline.
  protected Valve basic = null;
  // The Container with which this Pipeline is associated.
  protected Container container = null;
  // the array of Valves
  protected Valve valves[] = new Valve[0];

  public void setContainer(Container container) {
    this.container = container;
  }

  public Valve getBasic() {
    return basic;
  }

  public void setBasic(Valve valve) {
    this.basic = valve;
    ((Contained) valve).setContainer(container);
  }

  public void addValve(Valve valve) {
    if (valve instanceof Contained)
      ((Contained) valve).setContainer(this.container);

    synchronized (valves) {
      Valve results[] = new Valve[valves.length +1];
      System.arraycopy(valves, 0, results, 0, valves.length);
      results[valves.length] = valve;
      valves = results;
    }
  }

  public Valve[] getValves() {
    return valves;
  }

  public void invoke(Request request, Response response)
    throws IOException, ServletException {
    // Invoke the first Valve in this pipeline for this request
    (new SimplePipelineValveContext()).invokeNext(request, response);
  }

  public void removeValve(Valve valve) {
  }

  // this class is copied from org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline class‘s
  // StandardPipelineValveContext inner class.
  protected class SimplePipelineValveContext implements ValveContext {

    protected int stage = 0;

    public String getInfo() {
      return null;
    }

    public void invokeNext(Request request, Response response)
      throws IOException, ServletException {
      int subscript = stage;
      stage = stage + 1;
      // Invoke the requested Valve for the current request thread
      if (subscript < valves.length) {
        valves[subscript].invoke(request, response, this);
      }
      else if ((subscript == valves.length) && (basic != null)) {
        basic.invoke(request, response, this);
      }
      else {
        throw new ServletException("No valve");
      }
    }
  } // end of inner class
}

public class SimpleWrapper implements Wrapper, Pipeline {

  // the servlet instance
  private Servlet instance = null;
  private String servletClass;
  private Loader loader;
  private String name;
  private SimplePipeline pipeline = new SimplePipeline(this);
  protected Container parent = null;

  public SimpleWrapper() {
    pipeline.setBasic(new SimpleWrapperValve());
  }

  public synchronized void addValve(Valve valve) {
    pipeline.addValve(valve);
  }

  public Servlet allocate() throws ServletException {
    // Load and initialize our instance if necessary
    if (instance==null) {
      try {
        instance = loadServlet();
      }
      catch (ServletException e) {
        throw e;
      }
      catch (Throwable e) {
        throw new ServletException("Cannot allocate a servlet instance", e);
      }
    }
    return instance;
  }

  private Servlet loadServlet() throws ServletException {
    if (instance!=null)
      return instance;

    Servlet servlet = null;
    String actualClass = servletClass;
    if (actualClass == null) {
      throw new ServletException("servlet class has not been specified");
    }

    Loader loader = getLoader();
    // Acquire an instance of the class loader to be used
    if (loader==null) {
      throw new ServletException("No loader.");
    }
    ClassLoader classLoader = loader.getClassLoader();

    // Load the specified servlet class from the appropriate class loader
    Class classClass = null;
    try {
      if (classLoader!=null) {
        classClass = classLoader.loadClass(actualClass);
      }
    }
    catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      throw new ServletException("Servlet class not found");
    }
    // Instantiate and initialize an instance of the servlet class itself
    try {
      servlet = (Servlet) classClass.newInstance();
    }
    catch (Throwable e) {
      throw new ServletException("Failed to instantiate servlet");
    }

    // Call the initialization method of this servlet
    try {
      servlet.init(null);
    }
    catch (Throwable f) {
      throw new ServletException("Failed initialize servlet.");
    }
    return servlet;
  }

  public String getInfo() {
    return null;
  }

  public Loader getLoader() {
    if (loader != null)
      return (loader);
    if (parent != null)
      return (parent.getLoader());
    return (null);
  }

public class SimpleWrapperValve implements Valve, Contained {

  protected Container container;

  public void invoke(Request request, Response response, ValveContext valveContext)
    throws IOException, ServletException {

    SimpleWrapper wrapper = (SimpleWrapper) getContainer();
    ServletRequest sreq = request.getRequest();
    ServletResponse sres = response.getResponse();
    Servlet servlet = null;
    HttpServletRequest hreq = null;
    if (sreq instanceof HttpServletRequest)
      hreq = (HttpServletRequest) sreq;
    HttpServletResponse hres = null;
    if (sres instanceof HttpServletResponse)
      hres = (HttpServletResponse) sres;

    // Allocate a servlet instance to process this request
    try {
      servlet = wrapper.allocate();
      if (hres!=null && hreq!=null) {
        servlet.service(hreq, hres);
      }
      else {
        servlet.service(sreq, sres);
      }
    }
    catch (ServletException e) {
    }
  }

  public String getInfo() {
    return null;
  }

  public Container getContainer() {
    return container;
  }

  public void setContainer(Container container) {
    this.container = container;
  }
}

public class ClientIPLoggerValve implements Valve, Contained {

  protected Container container;

  public void invoke(Request request, Response response, ValveContext valveContext)
    throws IOException, ServletException {

    // Pass this request on to the next valve in our pipeline
    valveContext.invokeNext(request, response);
    System.out.println("Client IP Logger Valve");
    ServletRequest sreq = request.getRequest();
    System.out.println(sreq.getRemoteAddr());
    System.out.println("------------------------------------");
  }

  public String getInfo() {
    return null;
  }

  public Container getContainer() {
    return container;
  }

  public void setContainer(Container container) {
    this.container = container;
  }
}

public class HeaderLoggerValve implements Valve, Contained {

  protected Container container;

  public void invoke(Request request, Response response, ValveContext valveContext)
    throws IOException, ServletException {

    // Pass this request on to the next valve in our pipeline
    valveContext.invokeNext(request, response);

    System.out.println("Header Logger Valve");
    ServletRequest sreq = request.getRequest();
    if (sreq instanceof HttpServletRequest) {
      HttpServletRequest hreq = (HttpServletRequest) sreq;
      Enumeration headerNames = hreq.getHeaderNames();
      while (headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
        String headerName = headerNames.nextElement().toString();
        String headerValue = hreq.getHeader(headerName);
        System.out.println(headerName + ":" + headerValue);
      }

    }
    else
      System.out.println("Not an HTTP Request");

    System.out.println("------------------------------------");
  }

  public String getInfo() {
    return null;
  }

  public Container getContainer() {
    return container;
  }

  public void setContainer(Container container) {
    this.container = container;
  }
}

E:\bench-cluster\cloud-data-preprocess\HowTomcatWorks\src>java -cp .;lib/servlet.jar;lib/catalina_4_1_24.jar;E:\bench-cluster\cloud-data-preprocess\HowTomcatWorks\webroot com.tomcat.chapter5.startup/Bootstrap1 
HttpConnector Opening server socket on all host IP addresses
HttpConnector[8080] Starting background thread
ModernServlet -- init
Client IP Logger Valve
127.0.0.1
------------------------------------
Header Logger Valve
host:localhost:8080
connection:keep-alive
accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
user-agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36
accept-encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch
accept-language:zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6
------------------------------------
Client IP Logger Valve
127.0.0.1
------------------------------------
Header Logger Valve
host:localhost:8080
connection:keep-alive
accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
user-agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36
accept-encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch
accept-language:zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6
------------------------------------

public class SimpleContextMapper implements Mapper {

  /**
   * The Container with which this Mapper is associated.
   */
  private SimpleContext context = null;

  public Container getContainer() {
    return (context);
  }

  public void setContainer(Container container) {
    if (!(container instanceof SimpleContext))
      throw new IllegalArgumentException
        ("Illegal type of container");
    context = (SimpleContext) container;
  }

  public String getProtocol() {
    return null;
  }

  public void setProtocol(String protocol) {
  }


  /**
   * Return the child Container that should be used to process this Request,
   * based upon its characteristics.  If no such child Container can be
   * identified, return <code>null</code> instead.
   *
   * @param request Request being processed
   * @param update Update the Request to reflect the mapping selection?
   *
   * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the relative portion of the
   *  path cannot be URL decoded
   */
  public Container map(Request request, boolean update) {
    // Identify the context-relative URI to be mapped
    String contextPath =
      ((HttpServletRequest) request.getRequest()).getContextPath();
    String requestURI = ((HttpRequest) request).getDecodedRequestURI();
    String relativeURI = requestURI.substring(contextPath.length());
    // Apply the standard request URI mapping rules from the specification
    Wrapper wrapper = null;
    String servletPath = relativeURI;
    String pathInfo = null;
    String name = context.findServletMapping(relativeURI);
    if (name != null)
      wrapper = (Wrapper) context.findChild(name);
    return (wrapper);
  }
}

E:\bench-cluster\cloud-data-preprocess\HowTomcatWorks\src>java -cp .;lib/servlet.jar;lib/catalina_4_1_24.jar;E:\bench-cluster\cloud-data-preprocess\HowTomcatWorks\webroot  com.tomcat.chapter5.startup.
Bootstrap2
HttpConnector Opening server socket on all host IP addresses
HttpConnector[8080] Starting background thread
Client IP Logger Valve
127.0.0.1
------------------------------------
Header Logger Valve
host:localhost:8080
connection:keep-alive
accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
user-agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36
accept-encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch
accept-language:zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6
------------------------------------
init
from service
Client IP Logger Valve
127.0.0.1
------------------------------------