码迷，mamicode.com
首页 > 其他好文 > 详细

设计模式

时间：2018-05-12 16:20:49      阅读：166      评论：0      收藏：0      [点我收藏+]

标签：beautiful   RoCE   部门   random   微信支付   rand   iter   顺序   build   

设计模式

1.接口类

接口类的实现主要为了接口化，归一化，统一化，就是每个类的方法都是固定的名称
from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

class Payment(metaclass=ABCMeta):
　　"""父类实现的方法加入子类继承了必须实现，否则报错"""
    @abstractmethod
    def pay(self, money):
        pass

class Alipay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("支付宝支付%s元"%money)

class ApplePay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("苹果支付%s元"%money)

class WechatPay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("微信支付%s元"%money)

payment = Alipay()
payment.pay(100)

 

2.工厂类

from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

class Payment(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def pay(self, money):
        raise NotImplementedError

class Alipay(Payment):
    def __init__(self, enable_yuebao=False):   #一个支付软件可以有多种的支付方式
        self.enable_yuebao = enable_yuebao

    def pay(self, money):
        if self.enable_yuebao:
            print("余额宝支付%s元" % money)
        else:
            print("支付宝支付%s元" % money)

class ApplePay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("苹果支付%s元" % money)

class PaymentFactory:  # 工厂类 封装了对象创建的细节，封装了所有的支付方式，只是提供给用户一个接口
    def create_payment(self, method):
        if method == "alipay":
            return Alipay()      #调用Alipay()      #模式使用支付宝
        elif method == "applepay":
            return ApplePay()
        elif method == "yuebao":
            return Alipay(True)     #调用Alipay()      采用余额宝功能
        else:
            raise NameError(method)

factory = PaymentFactory()            #实例化工厂函数
payment = factory.create_payment("yuebao")      #调用工厂函数的方法
payment.pay(100)                                #根据用户的选择进行支付

 

3.工厂类的另一种实现方式

from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

class Payment(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def pay(self, money):
        raise NotImplementedError

class Alipay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("支付宝支付%s元" % money)

class ApplePay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("苹果支付%s元"%money)

class PaymentFactory(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def create_payment(self):
        pass

class AlipayFactory(PaymentFactory):
    def create_payment(self):
        return Alipay()

class ApplePayFactory(PaymentFactory):
    def create_payment(self):
        return ApplePay()

# 用户输入
# 支付宝，120

af = AlipayFactory()
ali = af.create_payment()
ali.pay(120)

 

4.抽象工厂

from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta


# ------抽象产品------
class PhoneShell(metaclass=ABCMeta):      #生产手机壳的类
    @abstractmethod
    def show_shell(self):
        pass

class CPU(metaclass=ABCMeta):      #生产CPU的类
    @abstractmethod
    def show_cpu(self):
        pass

class OS(metaclass=ABCMeta):            #制作系统的类
    @abstractmethod
    def show_os(self):
        pass

# ------抽象工厂------
class PhoneFactory(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def make_shell(self):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def make_cpu(self):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def make_os(self):
        pass


# ------具体产品------
class SmallShell(PhoneShell):        #生产小的手机壳
    def show_shell(self):
        print("普通手机小手机壳")

class BigShell(PhoneShell):       #生产大的手机壳
    def show_shell(self):
        print("普通手机大手机壳")

class AppleShell(PhoneShell):    #生产苹果手机壳
    def show_shell(self):
        print("苹果手机壳")

class SnapDragonCPU(CPU):         #生产骁龙cpu
    def show_cpu(self):
        print("骁龙CPU")

class MediaTekCPU(CPU):         #生产联发科cpu
    def show_cpu(self):
        print("联发科CPU")

class AppleCPU(CPU):            #生产苹果cpu
    def show_cpu(self):
        print("苹果CPU")

class Android(OS):          #生产Android系统
    def show_os(self):
        print("Android系统")

class IOS(OS):
    def show_os(self):    #生产ios系统
        print("iOS系统")

# ------具体工厂------
class MiFactory(PhoneFactory):        #这个工厂生产骁龙cpu
    def make_cpu(self):
        return SnapDragonCPU()

    def make_os(self):     #这个工厂制造安卓系统
        return Android()

    def make_shell(self):    #这个手机制造大的手机壳
        return BigShell()

class HuaweiFactory(PhoneFactory):   #华为工厂
    def make_cpu(self):
        return MediaTekCPU()

    def make_os(self):
        return Android()

    def make_shell(self):
        return SmallShell()

class IPhoneFactory(PhoneFactory): #iPhone工厂
    def make_cpu(self):
        return AppleCPU()

    def make_os(self):
        return IOS()

    def make_shell(self):
        return AppleShell()

# ------客户端------
class Phone:           #生产好的手机信息
    def __init__(self, cpu, os, shell):
        self.cpu = cpu
        self.os = os
        self.shell = shell

    def show_info(self):
        print("手机信息:")
        self.cpu.show_cpu()
        self.os.show_os()
        self.shell.show_shell()

def make_phone(factory):        #生产手机
    cpu = factory.make_cpu()
    os = factory.make_os()
    shell = factory.make_shell()
    return Phone(cpu, os, shell)

p1 = make_phone(IPhoneFactory())    #生产手机（iPhone制造工厂）
p1.show_info()               #展示制造好的手机

 

5.建造者模式

import random
from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

#------产品------
class Player:
　　"""生产一个玩具，这个玩具有头，胳膊，身体，腿"""
    def __init__(self, face=None, body=None, arm=None, leg=None):
        self.face = face
        self.arm = arm
        self.leg = leg
        self.body = body

    def __str__(self):    #打印生产出来的人看效果
        return "%s, %s, %s, %s" % (self.face, self.arm, self.body, self.leg)

#------建造者------
class PlayerBuilder(metaclass=ABCMeta):
　　"""负责生产人身体上的每个部件"""

    @abstractmethod
    def build_face(self):
        pass
    @abstractmethod
    def build_arm(self):
        pass
    @abstractmethod
    def build_leg(self):
        pass
    @abstractmethod
    def build_body(self):
        pass
    @abstractmethod
    def get_player(self):
        pass

class BeautifulWomanBuilder(PlayerBuilder):
　　"""生产一个漂亮的小女孩"""
    def __init__(self):
        self.player = Player()    #首先实例化工厂类，之后实现里面的每一个功能
    def build_face(self):
        self.player.face = "漂亮脸蛋"
    def build_arm(self):
        self.player.arm="细胳膊"
    def build_body(self):
        self.player.body="细腰"
    def build_leg(self):
        self.player.leg="长腿"
    def get_player(self):
        return self.player

class RandomPlayerBuilder(PlayerBuilder):
　　"""生产一个即漂亮又难看的人"""
    def __init__(self):
        self.player = Player()
    def build_face(self):
        self.player.face = random.choice(["瓜子脸","西瓜子脸"])
    def build_arm(self):
        self.player.arm=random.choice(["长胳膊","短胳膊"])
    def build_body(self):
        self.player.body=random.choice(["苗条","胖"])
    def build_leg(self):
        self.player.leg=random.choice(["长腿","短腿"])
    def get_player(self):
        return self.player

class PlayerDirector:
    def __init__(self, builder):
        self.builder = builder
    # 控制组装顺序
    def build_player(self):
        self.builder.build_body()
        self.builder.build_face()
        self.builder.build_arm()
        self.builder.build_leg()
        return self.builder.get_player()

pd = PlayerDirector(RandomPlayerBuilder())#随机生产一个人并组装好零件
p = pd.build_player()
print(p)       #可以看到你已经造好了一个玩具人了

 

6.单利模式

from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

class Singleton(object):
    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if not hasattr(cls, "_instance"):
            cls._instance = super(Singleton, cls).__new__(cls)
        return cls._instance

class MyClass(Singleton):
    def __init__(self, name=None):
        if name is not None:
            self.name = name

a = MyClass("a")
print(a)
print(a.name)

b = MyClass("b")
print(b)
print(b.name)

print(a)
print(a.name)

 

7.适配器模式

#适配器主要采用加壳的方式实现
from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

class Payment(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def pay(self, money):
        raise NotImplementedError

class Alipay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("支付宝支付%s元"%money)

class ApplePay(Payment):
    def pay(self, money):
        print("苹果支付%s元"%money)

#------待适配类------
class WechatPay:
    def huaqian(self, a, b):
        print("微信支付%s元"%(a+b))

#------类适配器------
class RealWeChatPay(Payment, WechatPay):
    def pay(self, money):
        return self.huaqian(money, 0)

#------对象适配器------
class PayAdapter(Payment):
    def __init__(self, payment):
        self.payment = payment

    def pay(self, money):
        return self.payment.huaqian(money, 0)

#RealWeChatPay().pay(100)
PayAdapter(WechatPay()).pay(1000)

 

8.混合模式

from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta

class Graphic(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def draw(self):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def add(self, graphic):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def getchildren(self):
        pass

class Point(Graphic):
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

    def draw(self):
        print(self)

    def add(self, graphic):
        raise TypeError

    def getchildren(self):
        raise TypeError

    def __str__(self):
        return "点(%s, %s)" % (self.x, self.y)

class Line(Graphic):
    def __init__(self, p1, p2):
        self.p1 = p1
        self.p2 = p2

    def draw(self):
        print(self)

    def add(self, graphic):
        raise TypeError

    def getchildren(self):
        raise TypeError

    def __str__(self):
        return "线段[%s, %s]" % (self.p1, self.p2)

class Picture(Graphic):
    def __init__(self):
        self.children = []

    def add(self, graphic):
        self.children.append(graphic)

    def getchildren(self):
        return self.children

    def draw(self):
        print("------复合图形------")
        for g in self.children:
            g.draw()
        print("------END------")

pic1 = Picture()
pic1.add(Point(2,3))
pic1.add(Line(Point(1,2), Point(4,5)))
pic1.add(Line(Point(0,1), Point(2,1)))

pic2 = Picture()
pic2.add(Point(-2,-1))
pic2.add(Line(Point(0,0), Point(1,1)))

pic = Picture()
pic.add(pic1)
pic.add(pic2)

pic.draw()

 

9.代理模式

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod

class Subject(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def get_content(self):
        pass

class RealSubject(Subject):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename
        print("读取%s文件内容"%filename)
        f = open(filename)
        self.content = f.read()
        f.close()

    def get_content(self):
        return self.content

    def set_content(self, content):
        f = open(self.filename, ‘w‘)
        f.write(content)
        f.close()

class ProxyA(Subject):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.subj = RealSubject(filename)

    def get_content(self):
        return self.subj.get_content()

class ProxyB(Subject):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename
        self.subj = None

    def get_content(self):
        if not self.subj:
            self.subj = RealSubject(self.filename)
        return self.subj.get_content()

class ProxyC(Subject):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.subj = RealSubject(filename)

    def get_content(self):
        return self.get_content()

    def set_content(self):
        raise PermissionError

    # 写一个set_content

b = ProxyB("abc.txt")
#print(b.get_content())

 

10.责任链模式

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
#
# class Handler(metaclass=ABCMeta):
#     @abstractmethod
#     def handle_leave(self, day):
#         pass
#
#
# class GeneralManagerHandler(Handler):
#     def handle_leave(self, day):
#         if day < 10:
#             print("总经理批准%d天假"%day)
#         else:
#             print("呵呵")
#
#
# class DepartmentManagerHandler(Handler):
#     def __init__(self):
#         self.successor = GeneralManagerHandler()
#     def handle_leave(self, day):
#         if day < 7:
#             print("部门经理批准%d天假"%day)
#         else:
#             print("部门经理无权准假")
#             self.successor.handle_leave(day)
#
#
# class ProjectDirectorHandler(Handler):
#     def __init__(self):
#         self.successor = DepartmentManagerHandler()
#     def handle_leave(self, day):
#         if day < 3:
#             print("项目主管批准%d天假")
#         else:
#             print("项目主管无权准假")
#             self.successor.handle_leave(day)
#
#
# day = 4
# h = ProjectDirectorHandler()
# h.handle_leave(day)
#

#--高级例子--模仿js事件处理

class Handler(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def add_event(self, func):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def handle(self):
        pass


class BodyHandler(Handler):
    def __init__(self):
        self.func = None

    def add_event(self, func):
        self.func = func

    def handle(self):
        if self.func:
            return self.func()
        else:
            print("已到最后一级，无法处理")


class ElementHandler(Handler):
    def __init__(self, successor):
        self.func = None
        self.successor = successor

    def add_event(self, func):
        self.func = func

    def handle(self):
        if self.func:
            return self.func()
        else:
            return self.successor.handle()

# 客户端

# <body><div><a>

body = {‘type‘: ‘body‘, ‘name‘: ‘body‘, ‘children‘: [], ‘father‘: None}

div = {‘type‘: ‘div‘, ‘name‘: ‘div‘, ‘children‘: [], ‘father‘: body}

a = {‘type‘: ‘a‘, ‘name‘: ‘a‘, ‘children‘: [], ‘father‘: div}

body[‘children‘].append(div)
div[‘children‘].append(a)

body[‘event_handler‘] = BodyHandler()
div[‘event_handler‘] = ElementHandler(div[‘father‘][‘event_handler‘])
a[‘event_handler‘] = ElementHandler(a[‘father‘][‘event_handler‘])

def attach_event(element, func):
    element[‘event_handler‘].add_event(func)

#test

def func_div():
    print("这是给div的函数")

def func_a():
    print("这是给a的函数")

def func_body():
    print("这是给body的函数")

#attach_event(div, func_div)
#attach_event(a, func_a)
#attach_event(body, func_body)

a[‘event_handler‘].handle()

 

11.迭代器模式

class LinkList:
    """链表 头结点保存链表的长度"""
    class Node:
        def __init__(self, item=None):
            self.item = item
            self.next = None

    class LinkListIterator:
        def __init__(self, node):
            self.node = node
        def __next__(self):
            if self.node:
                cur_node = self.node
                self.node = cur_node.next
                return cur_node.item
            else:
                raise StopIteration
        def __iter__(self):
            return self

    def __init__(self, iterable=None):
        self.head = LinkList.Node(0)
        self.tail = self.head
        self.extend(iterable)

    def append(self, obj):
        s = LinkList.Node(obj)
        self.tail.next = s
        self.tail = s

    def extend(self, iterable):
        for obj in iterable:
            self.append(obj)
        self.head.item += len(iterable)

    def __iter__(self):
        return self.LinkListIterator(self.head.next)

    def __len__(self):
        return self.head.item

    def __str__(self):
        return "<<"+", ".join(map(str, self))+">>"

li = [i for i in range(100)]
print(li)
lk = LinkList(li)
# for i in lk:
#     print(i)

print(lk)
# print(len(lk))

 

12.观察者模式

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod


class Observer(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def update(self, notice):
        pass


class Notice:
    def __init__(self):
        self.observers = [] # 记录该主体的观察者（订阅者）

    def attach(self, obs):
        self.observers.append(obs)

    def detach(self, obs):
        obs.company_info = None
        self.observers.remove(obs)

    def notify(self):
        for obj in self.observers:
            obj.update(self)


class ManagerNotice(Notice):
    def __init__(self, company_info=None):
        super().__init__()
        self.__company_info = company_info

    @property
    def company_info(self):
        return self.__company_info

    @company_info.setter
    def company_info(self, info):
        self.__company_info = info
        self.notify()



class Manager(Observer):
    def __init__(self):
        self.company_info = None

    def update(self, noti):
        self.company_info = noti.company_info


notice = ManagerNotice()

alex = Manager()
wusir = Manager()

# print(alex.company_info)
# print(wusir.company_info)

notice.attach(alex)
notice.attach(wusir)
#
notice.company_info="公司运行良好"
#
print(alex.company_info)
print(wusir.company_info)
#
notice.detach(wusir)
#
notice.company_info="公司要破产了"

print(alex.company_info)
print(wusir.company_info)

 

13.策略模式

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
import random

class Sort(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def sort(self, data):
        pass


class QuickSort(Sort):
    def quick_sort(self, data, left, right):
        if left < right:
            mid = self.partition(data, left, right)
            self.quick_sort(data, left, mid - 1)
            self.quick_sort(data, mid + 1, right)

    def partition(self, data, left, right):
        tmp = data[left]
        while left < right:
            while left < right and data[right] >= tmp:
                right -= 1
            data[left] = data[right]
            while left < right and data[left] <= tmp:
                left += 1
            data[right] = data[left]
        data[left] = tmp
        return left

    def sort(self, data):
        print("快速排序")
        return self.quick_sort(data, 0, len(data) - 1)


class MergeSort(Sort):
    def merge(self, data, low, mid, high):
        i = low
        j = mid + 1
        ltmp = []
        while i <= mid and j <= high:
            if data[i] <= data[j]:
                ltmp.append(data[i])
                i += 1
            else:
                ltmp.append(data[j])
                j += 1

        while i <= mid:
            ltmp.append(data[i])
            i += 1

        while j <= high:
            ltmp.append(data[j])
            j += 1

        data[low:high + 1] = ltmp


    def merge_sort(self, data, low, high):
        if low < high:
            mid = (low + high) // 2
            self.merge_sort(data, low, mid)
            self.merge_sort(data, mid + 1, high)
            self.merge(data, low, mid, high)

    def sort(self, data):
        print("归并排序")
        return self.merge_sort(data, 0, len(data) - 1)


class Context:
    def __init__(self, data, strategy=None):
        self.data = data
        self.strategy = strategy

    def set_strategy(self, strategy):
        self.strategy = strategy

    def do_strategy(self):
        if self.strategy:
            self.strategy.sort(self.data)
        else:
            raise TypeError


li = list(range(100000))
random.shuffle(li)

context = Context(li, MergeSort())
context.do_strategy()
#print(context.data)

random.shuffle(context.data)

context.set_strategy(QuickSort())
context.do_strategy()

 

14.模板模式

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod


class IOHandler(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def open(self, name):
        pass
    @abstractmethod
    def deal(self, change):
        pass
    @abstractmethod
    def close(self):
        pass
    def process(self, name, change):
        self.open(name)
        self.deal(change)
        self.close()

class FileHandler(IOHandler):

 

15.接口隔离原则

# 有些东西我有你没有，你有我么有，这是就需要用到接口隔离
# from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
#
# class AnimalOnLand(metaclass=ABCMeta):
#     @abstractmethod
#     def walk(self):
#         pass
#
# class AnimalInSky(metaclass=ABCMeta):
#     @abstractmethod
#     def fly(self):
#         pass
#
# class AnimalInWater(metaclass=ABCMeta):
#     @abstractmethod
#     def swim(self):
#         pass
#
# class Tiger(AnimalOnLand):
#     pass
#
# class Frog(AnimalInWater, AnimalOnLand):
#     pass

class A:
    def test(self):
        pass

class B(A):
    pass

class C:
    def __init__(self):
        self.a = A()
        self.a.test()

 

设计模式

标签：beautiful   RoCE   部门   random   微信支付   rand   iter   顺序   build   

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhongbokun/p/9028865.html
踩
(0)
赞
(0)
   
举报
评论 一句话评论（0）
登录后才能评论！
分享档案
更多>
2021年07月29日 (22)
2021年07月28日 (40)
2021年07月27日 (32)
2021年07月26日 (79)
2021年07月23日 (29)
2021年07月22日 (30)
2021年07月21日 (42)
2021年07月20日 (16)
2021年07月19日 (90)
2021年07月16日 (35)
周排行
mamicode.com排行更多图片
更多
友情链接
兰亭集智   国之画   百度统计   站长统计   阿里云   chrome插件   新版天听网
关于我们 - 联系我们 - 留言反馈
© 2014 mamicode.com 版权所有  联系我们:gaon5@hotmail.com
迷上了代码！