标签:解析 directory currently cts comment poc pat 删除目录 远程
1、查看所有ansible所支持模块
[root@localhost ~]# ansible-doc -l
Command ---远程主机指定shell命令的
Crond ---管理远程主机的定时任务
file 用来设置远程主机文件属性
filesystem 用来在远程主机上创建文件系统
group 在远程主机上创建一个用户组
User 在远程主机上创建一个用户
shell 在远程主机上指定命令的
setup 收集远端主机接口类的基本信息、系统类型,版本
service在远程主机上管理命令的
selinux 用来管理远程主机的selinux的
yum 用来管理远程主机软件包的
2、ansible-doc -s 指定模块 查看这个模块是怎么使用的
ansible-doc -s user
[root@localhost ~]# ansible-doc -s user
- name: Manage user accounts
action: user
append # If `yes‘, will only add groups, not set them to just the list in
`groups‘.
comment # Optionally sets the description (aka `GECOS‘) of user account.
createhome # Unless set to `no‘, a home directory will be made for the user
when the account is created or if
the home directory does not exist.
expires # An expiry time for the user in epoch, it will be ignored on
platforms that do not support this.
Currently supported on Linux and
FreeBSD.
force # When used with `state=absent‘, behavior is as with `userdel
--force‘.
generate_ssh_key # Whether to generate a SSH key for the user in question. This will
*not* overwrite an existing SSH
key.
3、模块使用
1、-m setup 收集客户端的一些信息
ansible facts a s i b ] e all i pv4 ad r e s s e s ‘ 192 . 168 . 122 . 1 " ‘ 192 . 168 . 16 . 141 " ansible all i pv6 addresses "fe80 : : 20C : 29ff : fe 6 b : 6249 " ansible apparmor " 小 sabl ed" S t a t u S m 0 r e 一 514 . 6 . 1 . e ] 7 . x86 64 " ansible architecture ansible 舅 os date bIOS V e r S 1 0 n ‘ x86 64 " " 6 . 00 " ansible cmdline ‘BOOT I MAG E LANG crashkernel q u 1 e t t r u e ‘rhgb ‘ t r u e t r u e " /vml i nuz-3 . 10 . 0 a u t 0 ‘ UI-JID = If8b4afd 一 e735 一 432a 一 9ad7 一 480e8984e835 " r00t ansible date t 1 me ‘date ‘ 2017 一 09 一 17 " ‘day" epoch" ‘ 1505710927 " s08601 " ‘ 2017 一 09 一 18T05 : 02 : 07Z is08601—basic ‘ 20170917T220207805690 " is08601—basic short ‘ 20170917T220207 " is08601—micro ‘ 2017 一 09 一 18T05 : 02 : 07 . 805797Z ‘ " v:shapes="图片_x0020_8">
2、-m ping
检查主机是否存活
[root@localhost ~]# ansible test -m ping
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
192.168.16.141 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
[root@localhost ~]#
3、file模块
file模块主要用于远程主机上的文件操作,file模块包含如下选项:
使用示例:
ansible test -m file -a "src=/etc/fstab dest=/tmp/fstab state=link" link链接文件
ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/fstab state=absent" absent删除
ansible test -m file -a "path=/tmp/test state=touch" 创建一个文件
4、copy模块
复制文件到远程主机,copy模块包含如下选项:
示例:
ansible test -m copy -a "src=/srv/myfiles/foo.conf dest=/etc/foo.conf owner=foo group=foo mode=0644"
ansible test -m copy -a "src=/mine/ntp.conf dest=/etc/ntp.conf owner=root group=root mode=644 backup=yes"
ansible test -m copy -a "src=/mine/sudoers dest=/etc/sudoers validate=‘visudo -cf %s‘"4
[root@localhost ~]# ansible test -m copy -a ‘src=anaconda-ks.cfg dest=/tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg mode=755 owner=root group=root‘
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "1d1dbb4675724033c17327538b46ccb0028ba313",
"dest": "/tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "51984625b2df7627bc72840f7faabbdc",
"mode": "0755",
"owner": "root",
"size": 2882,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1505712442.48-66368253271207/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
192.168.16.141 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "1d1dbb4675724033c17327538b46ccb0028ba313",
"dest": "/tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "51984625b2df7627bc72840f7faabbdc",
"mode": "0755",
"owner": "root",
"size": 2882,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1505712442.49-264288329524275/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
Backup参数-
‘backup fil e ‘ " /tmp/anaconda-ks . cfg . 40697 . 2017 一 09 一 17@22 : 3 6 : 30 、 ‘changed" t r u e checksum " 7d15e2186da4aeb6f7972e896ee460e25ee48274 " dest group md 5 s u m mode owner S 1 Ze S r C S t a t e 下 d " " /tmp/anaconda-ks . cfg" r00t ‘ 133f8bd409C706e845ae51723a3d6288 " " 0755 " r00t 2885 , ‘ /root/ . ansi bl e/tmp/ansi bl e 一 tmp 一 1505712989 . 75 一 89197838658265 / source ‘fil e ‘ t e S t sep sep 一 m command 一 ] S 一 ] h /tmp/‘ 8 13 : 3 6 anaconda-ks . cfg 8 13 : 2 7 anaconda-ks.cfg. 51851 . 2017 一 09 一 18@13 : 36 : 30 、 Croot@localhost 、 ] ansible 192 . 168 . 16 . 139 1 S total 8 . 0K 一 rwx r 一 X r 一 X 1 root root 2 . 9K 一 rwx r 一 X r 一 X 1 root root 2 . 9K " v:shapes="图片_x0020_7">
5、command模块
command 模块用于运行系统命令,比如echo hello, 你安装在系统里的python,或者make 一类。大家能领悟就行了。
常用参数:
parameter |
required |
default |
choices |
comments |
chdir |
no |
|
|
运行command命令前先cd到这个目录 |
creates |
no |
|
|
如果这个参数对应的文件存在,就不运行command |
executable |
no |
|
|
将shell切换为command执行,这里的所有命令需要使用绝对路径 |
removes |
no |
|
|
如果这个参数对应的文件不存在,就不运行command |
案例:
#ansible 命令调用command:
ansible -i hosts all -m command -a
"/sbin/shutdown -t now"
6、shell/raw模块
Shell/raw是command的一个扩展,比command命令功能更强大!!但是官方建议能使用command就使用command
7、service模块
主要是管理服务的加载,停止 启动
示例:
ansible test -m service -a "name=httpd state=started enabled=yes"
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -m service -a "name=httpd state=started enabled=yes"
192.168.16.136 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"enabled": true,
"name": "httpd",
"state": "started",
"status": {
"ActiveEnterTimestamp": "Wed 2017-09-20 01:21:52 PDT",
"ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic": "6697948546",
"ActiveExitTimestamp": "Wed 2017-09-20 01:21:22 PDT",
"ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic": "6667963515",
"ActiveState": "active",
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -m raw -a ‘ps -ef | grep 80‘
192.168.16.136 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root 280 2 0 Sep19 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda3]
root 380 2 0 Sep19 ? 00:00:00 [rpciod]
root 480 2 0 Sep19 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda1]
root 7889 7887 0 02:22 pts/2 00:00:00 bash -c ps -ef | grep 80
root 7902 7889 0 02:22 pts/2 00:00:00 grep 80
Shared connection to 192.168.16.136 closed.
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root 80 2 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 [rcuob/71]
root 89 2 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 [rcuob/80]
root 180 2 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 [rcuos/42]
root 218 2 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 [rcuos/80]
root 280 2 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 [khungtaskd]
root 802 1 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/rngd -f
root 803 1 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/abrtd -d -s
root 804 1 0 10:57 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/abrt-watch-log
8、cron模块
用于管理计划任务包含如下选项:
backup:对远程主机上的原任务计划内容修改之前做备份
cron_file:如果指定该选项,则用该文件替换远程主机上的cron.d目录下的用户的任务计划
day:日(1-31,*,*/2,……)
hour:小时(0-23,*,*/2,……)
minute:分钟(0-59,*,*/2,……)
month:月(1-12,*,*/2,……)
weekday:周(0-7,*,……)
job:要执行的任务,依赖于state=present
name:该任务的描述
special_time:指定什么时候执行,参数:reboot,yearly,annually,monthly,weekly,daily,hourly
state:确认该任务计划是创建还是删除
user:以哪个用户的身份执行
示例:
ansible test -m cron -a ‘name="a job for reboot" special_time=reboot job="/some/job.sh"‘
ansible test -m cron -a ‘name="yum autoupdate" weekday="2" minute=0 hour=12 user="root
ansible test -m cron -a ‘backup="True" name="test" minute="0" hour="5,2" job="ls -alh > /dev/null"‘
ansilbe test -m cron -a ‘cron_file=ansible_yum-autoupdate state=absent‘
每隔两小时
ansible test -m cron -a ‘name="reboot system" hour=2 user=root job="/sbin/reboot"‘
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"envs": [],
"jobs": [
"reboot system"
]
}
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -a ‘crontab -l‘
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
* 2 * * * /sbin/reboot
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -m cron -a ‘name="reboot system" hour=2 user=root job="/sbin/reboot" state=absent‘
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": false,
"envs": [],
"jobs": []
}
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -m cron -a ‘name="reboot system" state=absent‘
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"envs": [],
"jobs": []
}
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -a ‘crontab -l‘
192.168.16.139 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
参数 |
必填 |
默认 |
选择 |
说明 |
Backup |
非 |
|
Yes/no |
如果yes,那么在修改之后会进行备份,备份的路径在backup_file |
Cron_file |
非 |
|
|
如果设置了,那么在cron.d中使用此文件替代单独用户的crontab,在使用此选项的时候,必须使用user选项 |
Day |
非 |
|
|
天 |
Hour |
非 |
|
|
小时 ( 0-23, *, */2, etc ) |
Job |
非 |
|
|
需要执行的命令,必须状态为present |
Minute |
非 |
|
|
分 ( 0-59, *, */2, etc ) |
Month |
非 |
|
|
月( 1-12, *, */2, etc ) |
Name |
非 |
|
|
任务的描述 |
Reboot |
非 |
No |
Yes/no |
重启后是否需要执行 |
Special_time |
非 |
|
reboot yearly annually monthly weekly daily hourly |
特定的执行时间 |
State |
非 |
Present |
Present Absent |
启用或停用任务 |
User |
非 |
Root |
|
执行任务的用户 |
Weekday |
非 |
|
|
每一周的哪天进行运行(0-6 for Sunday-Saturday, *, etc) |
#在远程主机部署/删除cron任务
在重启时运行job.sh
ansible -i hosts all -m cron -a ‘name="a job for reboot" special_time=reboot job="/some/job.sh"‘
ansible -i hosts all -m cron -a ‘backup="True" name="test" minute="0" hour="2" job="ls -alh > /dev/null"‘
ansible -i hosts all -m cron -a ‘name="test" state=absent‘
9、yum
- name: 安装最新版本的apache yum: name=httpd state=latest
- name: 移除apache yum: name=httpd state=absent
- name: 安装一个特殊版本的apache yum: name=httpd-2.2.29-1.4.amzn1 state=present
- name: 升级所有的软件包 yum: name=* state=latest
- name: 从一个远程yum仓库安装nginx
yum: name=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm state=present
- name: 从本地仓库安装nginx
yum: name=/usr/local/src/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm state=present - name: 安装整个Development tools相关的软件包
yum: name="@Development tools" state=present
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -m yum -a ‘name=httpd state=absent‘
192.168.16.136 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible test -m yum -a ‘name=httpd state=latest‘
10、user/group模块
创建组
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m group -a "name=hanjj"
192.168.16.138 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"gid": 1001,
"name": "hanjj",
"state": "present",
"system": false
}
用户加入到组
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m user -a "name=ha group=root password=123456"
192.168.16.138 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"comment": "",
"createhome": true,
"group": 0,
"home": "/home/ha",
"name": "ha",
"password": "NOT_LOGGING_PASSWORD",
"shell": "/bin/bash",
"state": "present",
"system": false,
"uid": 1001
}
删除用户
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m user -a "name=han state=absent"
192.168.16.138 | SUCCESS => {
"changed": true,
"force": false,
"name": "han",
"remove": false,
"state": "absent"
}
十一、mount模块
配置挂载点
选项:
示例:
挂载光盘
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m mount -a ‘name=/mnt src=/dev/sr0 fstype=iso9660 state=mounted opts=ro‘
卸载光盘
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m mount -a ‘name=/mnt state=unmounted‘
十二、file模块
force:需要在两种情况下强制创建软链接,一种是源文件不存在但之后会建立的情况下;另一种是目标软链接已存在,需要先取消之前的软链,然后创建新的软链,有两个选项:yes|no
group:定义文件/目录的属组
mode:定义文件/目录的权限
owner:定义文件/目录的属主
path:必选项,定义文件/目录的路径
recurse:递归的设置文件的属性,只对目录有效
src:要被链接的源文件的路径,只应用于state=link的情况
dest:被链接到的路径,只应用于state=link的情况
state:
directory:如果目录不存在,创建目录
file:即使文件不存在,也不会被创建
link:创建软链接
hard:创建硬链接
touch:如果文件不存在,则会创建一个新的文件,如果文件或目录已存在,则更新其最后修改时间
absent:删除目录、文件或者取消链接文件
=
举例:
创建文件目录
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_136 -m file -a "path=/root/test11 mode=755 owner=root group=root state=touch"
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_136 -m file -a "path=/root/test11 mode=755 owner=root group=root state=directory"
删除文件目录
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_136 -m file -a "path=/root/test11 mode=755 owner=root group=root state=absent"
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_136 -m file -a "path=/root/test11 mode=755 owner=root group=root state=absent"
创建软链接
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_136 -m file -a "src=/root/test11 dest=/mnt/test11 state=link"
查看链接文件
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_136 -a ‘ls -ll /mnt/test11‘
192.168.16.136 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 26 05:32 /mnt/test11 -> /root/test11
十三、 synchronize
服务端上的文件/目录 做同步,重点功能解析
1、archive 归档
2、checksum 检验校验和
3、delete 删除源没有,目标存在的文件
4、dest目标到哪里去
5、dest_port 目标接受端口
6、dirs递归传递目录
7、mode rsync传递的方式两种 push 服务端-->客户端 pull 服务端<----客户端
8、recursive是否递归
举例
1、同步文件过去
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_138 -m synchronize -a ‘src=/root/helloworld dest=/var/www/html/helloworld‘
2、同步整个目录,利用rsync去往客户端上推送
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_138 -m synchronize -a ‘src=/root/test dest=/var/www/html/ mode=push‘
192.168.16.138 | SUCCESS => {
知识汇总
1、远程挂载镜像
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m mount -a "path=/mnt src=/dev/sr0 fstype=iso9660 state=mounted opts=ro"
卸载镜像需要
ansible mfs_138 -m mount -a "name=/mnt state=unmonted"
2、根据镜像远程yum 安装
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_136 -m yum -a "name=httpd state=latest"
3、远程service启动
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m service -a ‘name=httpd state=started‘
4、远程查看服务运行状态
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m raw -a ‘ps -ef | grep httpd‘
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m raw -a ‘lsof -i:80‘
5、远程停止服务
root@localhost ansible]# ansible mfs_138 -m service -a ‘name=httpd state=stopped‘
6、远程移除服务
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_138 -m yum -a ‘name=httpd state=removed‘
7、远程创建组
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_138 -m group -a ‘name=hjz‘
8、远程创建用户
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_138 -m user -a ‘name=hjz password=123456 group=hjz‘
9、远程移除用户
[root@localhost ~]# ansible mfs_138 -m user -a ‘name=hjz state=absent‘
标签:解析 directory currently cts comment poc pat 删除目录 远程
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hanjingzheng/p/9082402.html