LAMP环境搭建与配置

# 源码包不区分平台，二进制包是区分平台的
# CentOS 7之前是区分32位和64位的，CentOS 7开始都是64位

uname -i         # 查看Linux是多少位的

cd /usr/local/src           # 所有软件包都放到这一目录下
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz  # 下载二进制包

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz      # 解压
[ -d /usr/local/mysql ] && mv /usr/local/mysql /usr/local/mysql_old # 若该目录已存在则重命名
mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql      # 挪动位置

useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql      # 不能用mysql用户登录系统，只能用来启动mysql数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql    # 创建datadir，数据库文件会放到这里
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql    # 更改权限，不更改后续操作就会出问题

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
# 如提示错误信息“please install the following Perl modules before ...”
# 使用命令 yum install -y perl-Module-Install 来安装它

# 1）复制并编辑配置文件
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf

# 2）配置文件改成如下内容
[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
port = 3306
server_id = 128             # 这个参数用在做主从配置，后续会介绍
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock    # 定义MySQL服务监听的socket套接字地址

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
join_buffer_size = 128M         # 这3个buffer是关于内存的配置参数，保持默认即可
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

# 3）复制启动脚本并修改其属性
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
vim !$
# 启动脚本续修改的内容如下
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql

# 4）将启动脚本加入系统服务项，并将其设为开机启动
chkconfig --add mysqld      # 把mysqld加到系统服务列表中
chkconfig mysqld on         # 使其开机启动
service mysqld start        # 启动mysqld服务

ps aux |grep mysqld         # 查看进程
netstat -lnp |grep 3306     # 查看3306端口监听情况

# 1）下载并解压源码包
cd /usr/local/src       # httpd是依赖apr和apr-util的
wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz

tar zxvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
tar zxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz

# 2）安装apr和apr-util
cd /usr/local/src/apr-1.6.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr     # --prefix制定安装目录
make && make install 

cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
make && make install 
# 安装apr-util时如出现错误“libtool: link: cannot find the library ...”
# 解决办法是： yum install -y expat-devel

# 3）继续安装httpd

cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.33

./configure     --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4     --with-apr=/usr/local/apr     --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util     --enable-so \           # 表示启用DSO，DSO是把某些功能以模块的形式展现出来
    --enable-mods-shared=most       # 以共享方式安装大多数功能模块，安装后会在modules目录下看到这些文件

yum install -y pcre pcre-devel      # 为避免make出错，提前安装好一些库文件

make
make install 
echo $?