第十九章 os模块

import sys
import os
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
sys.path.append(BASE_DIR)os.getcwd()

print(os.getcwd())
# 结果
F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22

os.chdir("test1")  # 将当前脚本的工作目录变更为test1
print(os.getcwd()) 
#结果，当前脚本的工作目录就变更到test1下面了
F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22\test1

os.chdir("..")  # 返回上一级目录
print(os.getcwd())

# 结果
# F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码

print(os.curdir)

# 结果
.

print(os.pardir)
# 结果
..

os.makedirs("dir1/dir2")

os.removedirs("dir1/dir2")

# 会将上面创建的两个文件夹都删掉

# 如果dir1下面创建任意一个文件，则只删除dir2

os.mkdir("dir3")

os.rmdir("dir3")

# 指定目录，就只会列出该目录下的文件和子目录
print(os.listdir("dir1")) 
# 结果
# [‘1.py‘, ‘dir2‘]

# 没指定目录，列出的是与当前脚本同级的目录和文件
print(os.listdir())  

# 必须指定要删除的文件的目录
os.remove("dir1/1.py")

# 把dir1重命名为 dir3
os.rename("dir1","dir3")

# 看文件
print(os.stat("os_test.py"))
# os.stat_result(st_mode=33206, st_ino=281474976734818, st_dev=1143308193, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=556, st_atime=1530249778, st_mtime=1481602274, st_ctime=1530249778)

# 看目录
print(os.stat("test1/test2"))
# os.stat_result(st_mode=16895, st_ino=562949953445493, st_dev=1143308193, st_nlink=1, st_uid=0, st_gid=0, st_size=0, st_atime=1530450149, st_mtime=1530450149, st_ctime=1530450149)

# 常用的需要看的
st_size=0            # 看文件的大小
st_atime=1530450149  # 用户最近一次的访问时间   
st_mtime=1530450149  # 用户最近一次的修改时间   这是经常用的
st_ctime=1530450149  # 看文件的创建时间

print(os.sep)   # \

print(os.linesep)

print(os.pathsep)   # ;

print(os.name)    # nt

print(os.system("dir"))

print(os.environ)
# 结果
environ({‘ALLUSERSPROFILE‘: ‘C:\\ProgramData‘, ‘APPDATA‘: ‘C:\\Users\\mamingchen\\AppData\\Roaming‘, ‘ASL.LOG‘: ‘Destination=file‘, ‘CLASSPATH‘: ‘".;C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_171\\lib;C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_171\\lib\\tools.jar";‘, ‘COMMONPROGRAMFILES‘: ‘C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files‘, ‘COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86)‘: ‘C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files‘, ‘COMMONPROGRAMW6432‘: ‘C:\\Program Files\\Common Files‘, ‘COMPUTERNAME‘: ‘5ZVF1G2-2‘, ‘COMSPEC‘: ‘C:\\Windows\\system32\\cmd.exe‘, ‘HOMEDRIVE‘: ‘C:‘, ‘HOMEPATH‘: ‘\\Users\\mamingchen‘, ‘JAVA_HOME‘: ‘C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_171‘, ‘JENKINS_HOME‘: ‘C:\\Users\\mamingchen‘, ‘LOCALAPPDATA‘: ‘C:\\Users\\mamingchen\\AppData\\Local‘, ‘LOGONSERVER‘: ‘\\\\DC02-SHQCL‘, ‘NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS‘: ‘4‘, ‘ONEDRIVE‘: ‘C:\\Users\\mamingchen\\OneDrive‘, ‘OS‘: ‘Windows_NT‘, ‘PATH‘: ‘C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3;C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\Library\\mingw-w64\\bin;C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\Library\\usr\\bin;C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\Library\\bin;C:\\ProgramData\\Anaconda3\\Scripts;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files\\Oracle\\Java\\javapath;C:\\ProgramData\\Oracle\\Java\\javapath;C:\\Windows\\system32;C:\\Windows;C:\\Windows\\System32\\Wbem;C:\\Windows\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\;C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\;E:\\Program Files\\Git\\cmd;C:\\Python\\Python36-32;C:\\Python\\Python36-32\\Scripts;C:\\Python\\Python36-32\\Scripts;C:\\Python\\Python36-32\\;"C:\\Users\\mamingchen\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\WindowsApps;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Java\\jre1.8.0_151\\bin;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Java\\jre1.8.0_151\\jre\\bin";E:\\Users\\mamingchen\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Fiddler;"C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_171\\bin;C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_171\\jre\\bin";C:\\Users\\mamingchen\\AppData\\Roaming\\npm‘, ‘PATHEXT‘: ‘.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC‘, ‘PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE‘: ‘x86‘, ‘PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432‘: ‘AMD64‘, ‘PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER‘: ‘Intel64 Family 6 Model 142 Stepping 9, GenuineIntel‘, ‘PROCESSOR_LEVEL‘: ‘6‘, ‘PROCESSOR_REVISION‘: ‘8e09‘, ‘PROGRAMDATA‘: ‘C:\\ProgramData‘, ‘PROGRAMFILES‘: ‘C:\\Program Files (x86)‘, ‘PROGRAMFILES(X86)‘: ‘C:\\Program Files (x86)‘, ‘PROGRAMW6432‘: ‘C:\\Program Files‘, ‘PSMODULEPATH‘: ‘C:\\Program Files\\WindowsPowerShell\\Modules;C:\\Windows\\system32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\Modules‘, ‘PUBLIC‘: ‘C:\\Users\\Public‘, ‘PYCHARM_HOSTED‘: ‘1‘, ‘PYCHARM_MATPLOTLIB_PORT‘: ‘53877‘, ‘PYTHONIOENCODING‘: ‘UTF-8‘, ‘PYTHONPATH‘: ‘C:\\Program Files\\JetBrains\\PyCharm 2018.1.2\\helpers\\pycharm_matplotlib_backend;F:\\workspace\\OldBoy‘, ‘PYTHONUNBUFFERED‘: ‘1‘, ‘SESSIONNAME‘: ‘Console‘, ‘SYSTEMDRIVE‘: ‘C:‘, ‘SYSTEMROOT‘: ‘C:\\Windows‘, ‘TEMP‘: ‘C:\\Users\\MAMING~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp‘, ‘TMP‘: ‘C:\\Users\\MAMING~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp‘, ‘USERDNSDOMAIN‘: ‘YIXIN.DK‘, ‘USERDOMAIN‘: ‘YIXIN‘, ‘USERDOMAIN_ROAMINGPROFILE‘: ‘YIXIN‘, ‘USERNAME‘: ‘mamingchen‘, ‘USERPROFILE‘: ‘C:\\Users\\mamingchen‘, ‘VBOX_INSTALL_PATH‘: ‘E:\\Program Files\\Oracle\\VirtualBox\\‘, ‘WINDIR‘: ‘C:\\Windows‘})

print(os.path.split("F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22\os_test.py"))

# 结果
(‘F:\\workspace\\OldBoy\\源码\\课件与源码\\python全栈3期-课件与源码\\day22源码\\day22课堂代码\\day22‘, ‘os_test.py‘)

# 相当于拿的是上面的第一个元素
print(os.path.dirname("F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22\os_test.py"))
# F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22


# 相当于拿的是上面的第二个元素
print(os.path.basename("F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22\os_test.py"))
# os_test.py

a = "F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码"
b = r"day22\test1\test2"

# 要把上面两个路径拼接起来
c = os.path.join(a, b)

print(c)
F:\workspace\OldBoy\源码\课件与源码\python全栈3期-课件与源码\day22源码\day22课堂代码\day22\test1\test2