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• 在一台机器上把文件同步到多台机器上
• 自动同步文件

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim 4.expect 
  #!/usr/bin/expect
  set passwd "s5381561"
  spawn rsync -av root@192.168.21.129:/tmp/12.txt /tmp/
  expect {
  "yes/no" { send "yes\r"}
  "password:" { send "$passwd\r" }
  }
  expect eof
  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# chmod a+x 4.expect 
  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# ./4.expect 
  spawn rsync -av root@192.168.21.129:/tmp/12.txt /tmp/
  root@192.168.21.129‘s password: 
  receiving incremental file list
  12.txt
  sent 43 bytes  received 97 bytes  280.00 bytes/sec
  total size is 5  speedup is 0.04
  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# cat /tmp/12.txt 
  1212

• expect eof ：只有spawn执行的命令结果才会被expect捕捉到，因为spawn会启动一个进程，只有这个进程的相关信息才会被捕捉到，主要包括：标准输入的提示信息，eof和timeout。set timeout 定义超时时间（单位为 秒） -1 为永远不超时

  expect脚本指定host和要同步的文件

• 指定host和要同步的文件

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim 5.expect
  #!/usr/bin/expect
  set passwd "s5381561"
  set host [lindex $argv 0]
  set file [lindex $argv 1]
  spawn rsync -av $file root@$host:$file
  expect {
  "yes/no" { send "yes\r"}
  "password:" { send "$passwd\r" }
  }
  expect eof
  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# chmod a+x 5.expect 
  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# ./5.expect 192.168.21.129 /root/akui.txt 
  spawn rsync -av /root/akui.txt root@192.168.21.129:/root/akui.txt
  root@192.168.21.129‘s password: 
  sending incremental file list
  akui.txt
  sent 84 bytes  received 35 bytes  238.00 bytes/sec
  total size is 0  speedup is 0.00

• 指定目标ip和本机要同步的文件，必须写绝对路径

  构建文件分发系统

• 需求背景：对于大公司而言，肯定时不时会有网站或者配置文件更新，而且使用的机器肯定也是好多台，少则几台，多则几十甚至上百台。所以，自动同步文件是至关重要的。
• 实现思路：首先要有一台模板机器，把要分发的文件准备好，然后只要使用expect脚本批量把需要同步的文件分发到目标机器即可。
• 核心命令：rsync -av --files-from=list.txt / root@host:/
• 使用rsync 的 --files-from参数，可以实现调用文件里面的列表，进行多个文件远程传输，进而实现文件分发
• rsync.expect 内容

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim rsync.expect
  #!/usr/bin/expect
  set passwd "s5381561"
  set host [lindex $argv 0]
  set file [lindex $argv 1]
  spawn rsync -avR --files-from=$file / root@$host:/   
  expect {
  "yes/no" { send "yes\r"}
  "password:" { send "$passwd\r" }
  }
  expect eof

  • -R可以递归创建目录
• 创建需要同步IP地址的列表文件

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim /tmp/ip.list
  192.168.21.129
  127.0.0.1

• 创建需要同步IP地址的列表文件

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim /tmp/file.list 
  /root/222/1111/11.txt
  /root/1.txt

• rsync.sh 内容

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim rsync.sh
  #!/bin/bash
  for ip in `cat /tmp/ip.list`
  do
   echo $ip
   ./rsync.expect $ip /tmp/file.list
  done

• 分发系统还有一个重要的关键是，确保同步的机器的密码一致，否则将不能实现同步；所以这就存在一个弊端，一旦脚本暴露，将会让别人知道如何登陆你机器；当然也有对应的解决办法，那就是使用密钥认证，这样的话，自然在命令行业省去“输入密码< password:" { send "$passwd\r" } >‘‘”和“定义密码< set passwd "123123a" >”的命令了
• 测试

  root@akuilinux01 sbin]# sh rsync.sh 
  192.168.21.129
  spawn rsync -avR --files-from=/tmp/file.list / root@192.168.21.129:/
  root@192.168.21.129‘s password: 
  building file list ... done
  root/
  root/1.txt
  root/222/
  root/222/1111/
  root/222/1111/11.txt
  sent 299 bytes  received 63 bytes  724.00 bytes/sec
  total size is 72  speedup is 0.20
  127.0.0.1
  spawn rsync -avR --files-from=/tmp/file.list / root@127.0.0.1:/
  The authenticity of host ‘127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1)‘ can‘t be established.
  ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:r2y+hZVvvomXE4d3uRSM0cO+kMdqyWAOMqpTtA2qp6I.
  ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:ee:da:3b:ea:27:56:38:82:bc:e8:73:10:18:a0:c2:bd.
  Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
  Warning: Permanently added ‘127.0.0.1‘ (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
  root@127.0.0.1‘s password: [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# 

  批量远程执行命令

• exe.expect 内容

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim exe.expect
  #!/usr/bin/expect
  set host [lindex $argv 0]
  set passwd "s5381561"
  set cm [lindex $argv 1]
  spawn ssh root@$host
  expect {
  "yes/no" { send "yes\r"}
  "password:" { send "$passwd\r" }
  }
  expect "]*"
  send "$cm\r"
  expect "]*"
  send "exit\r"

• exe.sh 内容

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# vim exe.sh
  #!/bin/bash
  for ip in `cat /tmp/ip.list`
  do
  echo $ip
  ./exe.expect $ip "w;ls /tmp"
  done

• 测试

  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# chmod a+x exe.expect 
  [root@akuilinux01 sbin]# sh exe.sh 
  192.168.21.129
  spawn ssh root@192.168.21.129
  root@192.168.21.129‘s password: 
  Last login: Sun Jul 22 22:19:51 2018 from 192.168.21.128
  [root@akuilinux02 ~]# w;ls /tmp
  23:34:18 up  1:56,  2 users,  load average: 0.08, 0.03, 0.05
  USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
  root     pts/0    192.168.21.1     22:14   27:06   0.01s  0.01s -bash
  root     pts/1    192.168.21.128   23:34    0.00s  0.01s  0.00s w
  12.txt
  mysql.sock
  systemd-private-12cfefcc2aaa4137b4ea969d11fbf699-chronyd.service-5DHBEF
  systemd-private-12cfefcc2aaa4137b4ea969d11fbf699-vgauthd.service-sG39NN
  systemd-private-12cfefcc2aaa4137b4ea969d11fbf699-vmtoolsd.service-CVypi4
  [root@akuilinux02 ~]# 127.0.0.1
  spawn ssh root@127.0.0.1
  root@127.0.0.1‘s password: 
  Last failed login: Sun Jul 22 23:28:56 CST 2018 from 127.0.0.1 on ssh:notty
  There were 2 failed login attempts since the last successful login.
  Last login: Sun Jul 22 21:35:11 2018 from 192.168.21.1
  [root@akuilinux01 ~]# w;ls /tmp
  23:34:18 up  2:05,  2 users,  load average: 0.12, 0.05, 0.05
  USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
  root     pts/0    192.168.21.1     21:35    2.00s  0.25s  0.00s /usr/bin/expect ./exe.expect 127.
  root     pts/1    127.0.0.1        23:34    0.00s  0.00s  0.00s w
  12.txt
  akuilinux
  aming.sock
  file.list
  ip.list
  lalal
  mysql.sock
  systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-chronyd.service-WDveS2
  systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-httpd.service-Ok7bke
  systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-vgauthd.service-B8RbhF
  systemd-private-09ebb5bc0a88443db92bc329d77b2efc-vmtoolsd.service-WiU5il
  systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-chronyd.service-kH7zvQ
  systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-httpd.service-Cj8ABZ
  systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-vgauthd.service-21n8Br
  systemd-private-c27889f557f94d1b8cfed596ba761ba5-vmtoolsd.service-8VTbyC
  www.sock

  扩展

• shell多线程

expect脚本同步文件,expect脚本指定host和要同步的文件,构建文件分发系统,批量远程执行

标签：rem   思路   HERE   emd   定义   ast   命令行   tty   配置文件   

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/akui2521/2148801