标签：pass regex _for line 用户名 blog 实例化 involve load
Django handles three distinct parts of the work involved in forms:
forms.py文件；2、定义form类以及input字段：
from django.forms import Form
from django.forms import widgets
from django.forms import fields
class MyForm(Form):
username = fields.CharField(
# 可以对输入的数据进行初步筛选
max_length=6,
min_length=2,
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'id': 'i1', 'class': 'c1'})
)
# 多选一
gender = fields.ChoiceField(
choices=((1, '男'), (2, '女'),),
initial=2,
widget=widgets.RadioSelect
)
city = fields.CharField(
initial=2,
widget=widgets.Select(choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),)) # 下拉框
)
pwd = fields.CharField(
min_length=6,
widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'class': 'c1'}, render_value=True)
)from .forms import LoginForm
def my_login(request):
if request.method == "GET":
# step1: 将form实例化对象返回到前端渲染出form标签
form_obj = LoginForm()
elif request.method == "POST":
# step2.1：处理前端表单以POST方式提交的数据
form_obj = LoginForm(request.POST, request.FILES) # 将数据作为参数传入实例
# step3：生成错误dict，随后产生的错误信息都会以字段名为key，以设定的错误信息为value存储到dict中，并返回到前端
errors = form_obj.errors
# step4：验证数据是否符合字段设定的规则
if form_obj.is_valid():
# step5：若数据符合form中设定的规则
values = form_obj.cleaned_data # 转换成dict格式
print('values',values)
# dict格式：values {'username': 'alex', 'pwd': 'abc123'}
username = values.get('username')
pwd = values.get('pwd')
if username=='alex' and pwd=='abc123':
return HttpResponse('<h1>登录成功</h1>')
errors['invaild_cred']='用户名或密码错误'
return render(request, 'login.html', locals())1、导入自定义的form类并实例化：form_obj = MyForm()：
for i in form_obj:
print(i)
# 根据form中的字段生成对应的标签，name属性为form中对应的字段值
<input type="text" name="username" id="i1" class="c1" maxlength="6" minlength="2" required />
<input type="password" name="pwd" class="c1" minlength="6" required id="id_pwd" />2、若填充数据，对象会调用方法对传入的数据进行验证，若有错误信息，则放进 errors 字典中，且is_valid()返回False：
# step1
def is_valid(self):
# 若form对象内容为空 且 没有错误信息则 返回True
return self.is_bound and not self.errors
# step2
@property
def errors(self):
if self._errors is None:
self.full_clean()
# 不为空就直接返回，is_valid()结果为false
return self._errors
# step3
def full_clean(self):
self._errors = ErrorDict()
self.cleaned_data = {}
self._clean_fields()
def _clean_fields(self):
for name, field in self.fields.items():
try:
if isinstance(field, FileField):
initial = self.get_initial_for_field(field, name)
value = field.clean(value, initial)
else:
value = field.clean(value)
self.cleaned_data[name] = value
if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
self.cleaned_data[name] = value
except ValidationError as e:
self.add_error(name, e)3、无错误信息则通过obj.cleaned_data取出数据；
4、错误信息以字典形式保存在obj.errors中：
# 取出错误字典对象
errors = form_obj.errors
# 自定义添加错误信息
errors['invaild_cred']='用户名或密码错误'
# 返回到前端的错误信息标签
<ul class="errorlist"><li>Ensure this value has at least 2 characters (it has 1).</li></ul>
<ul class="errorlist"><li>Ensure this value has at least 6 characters (it has 1).</li></ul><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录页面</title>
<style>
div{
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.error{
font-size: 12px;
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" novalidate>
{# 方法1：手动生成 #}
{# <label for="id_username">用户名</label><input type="text" id="id_username" name="username"><br>#}
{# <label for="id_password">密 码</label><input type="password" id="id_password" name="password"><br>#}
{# 方法2：根据form实例化对象自动生成 #}
{% for input in form_obj %}
<label>{{ input.name }}</label>{{ input }}<br>
{{ input.errors.0 }}
{% endfor %}
<input type="submit" value="提交">
{% csrf_token %}
</form>
</body>
</html>// radio单选按钮，值为字符串==========================
gender = forms.ChoiceField(
choices=((1, '男性'),(2, '女性'), (3, '中性'), ), initial=1,
widget=widgets.RadioSelect
)
gender = forms.CharField(
initial=1, widget=widgets.RadioSelect(choices=((1, '男性'),(2, '女性'), (3, '中性'), ))
)
// 单select，值为字符串========================================
user = fields.CharField(
initial=2,
widget=widgets.Select(choices=((1,'上海'),(2,'北京'),))
)
user = fields.ChoiceField(
choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),
initial=2,
widget=widgets.Select
)
// 多选select，值为列表==========================================
user = fields.MultipleChoiceField(
choices=((1,'上海'),(2,'北京'),),
initial=[1,],
widget=widgets.SelectMultiple
)
// 单checkbox
gender = forms.ChoiceField(initial=[2, ],choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),), widget=widgets.CheckboxInput)
// 多选checkbox,值为列表
user = fields.MultipleChoiceField(
initial=[2, ],
choices=((1, '上海'), (2, '北京'),),
widget=widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple
)from django.form import Form
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
class UserForm(Form):
username = forms.CharField(
validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[0-9]+$', '请输入数字'),
RegexValidator(r'^159[0-9]+$', '数字必须以159开头')],from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
import re
def mobile_validate(value):
mobile_re = re.compile(r'^(13[0-9]|15[012356789]|17[678]|18[0-9]|14[57])[0-9]{8}$')
if not mobile_re.match(value):
raise ValidationError('手机号码格式错误')
class UserForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.CharField(
validators=[mobile_validate, ],
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
)
重载内置的clean_field()方法，在form字段中定义的验证完成后，会执行clean_field()方法，此时通过cleaned_data取出值进行判断．
# 源码最关键代码段，此处便于用户自定义
if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
self.cleaned_data[name] = value
from django import forms
from django.forms import widgets
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class UserForm(Form):
username = forms.CharField(
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
)
def clean_username(self):
# 函数名必须为 clean_field_name
value = self.cleaned_data['username']
if value == 'alex':
# 此处定制验证规则
# ...
raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
return valuedef full_clean(self):
self._clean_fields() # 先调用，生成cleaned_data
self._clean_form() # 对cleaned_data 中的值进行进一步判断
def _clean_fields(self):
for name, field in self.fields.items():
try:
if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
self.cleaned_data[name] = value
except ValidationError as e:
self.add_error(name, e)
def _clean_form(self):
try:
cleaned_data = self.clean()
except ValidationError as e:
self.add_error(None, e)
def clean(self):
return self.cleaned_data # forms.py
from django.forms import Form
from django.forms import widgets
from django.forms import fields
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator,ValidationError
class MyForm(Form):
def clean(self):
if self.cleaned_data.get('pwd1') != self.cleaned_data.get('pwd2'):
raise ValidationError('密码不一致')
else:
return self.cleaned_datafrom django import template
register = template.Library()
@register.filter
def get_error(error_dict):
return error_dict.get('__all__')
// 前端显示自定义错误信息
<div id="errors">
{% if errors %}
{{ errors|get_error }}
{% endif %}
</div>enctype="multipart/form-data"request.FILES中，在后台直接以字典方式取出．// 1. setting.py配置
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media', "fileholder_name", ...)
# 若存在多级目录,可以逐个写入文件夹名称即可
// 2. urls.py配置
from django.views.static import serve
from onlineLearningSys import settings
# 仅限于debug模式
urlpatterns += [
url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', serve, {
'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT,
}),
]
// 3. models.py
# 图片是以路径字符串的形式存储在数据库的;
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="user/%Y/%m", verbose_name='图片', max_length=100, default='static/images/xgt.jpg')
// 4. html文件，类似于imageField存储的格式是: organization/2018/03/1499239092.png, 必须在加上media前缀
<a href="org-detail-homepage.html">
<img width="200" height="120" class="scrollLoading" data-url="/media/{{ org.org_image }}"/>
</a># views.py 保存用户图片信息
def ***()
img = request.FILES.get('img')
user = UerProfile.objects.create_user(
username=username,
password=password,
img= img,
)
user.save()file_obj = request.FILES.get('upload_file')
f1 = open(file_obj.name, "wb")
# 方法1
for i in file_obj:
f1.write(i)
# 方法2
for i in file_obj.chunks():
f1.write(i)标签：pass regex _for line 用户名 blog 实例化 involve load
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/fqh202/p/9440471.html
