标签:des style blog http color io os 使用 ar
实验的方法有 nmtui, 编辑ifcfg-*文件,ip addr 指令,子连接配置文件。
一、nmtui手工添加IP
看一下当前网络设备的IP,为了精简指令输出,指令就要复杂一些了:
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
......
IPADDR0=192.168.150.110
PREFIX0=24
GATEWAY0=192.168.150.254
DNS1=192.168.150.254
HWADDR=08:00:27:15:35:D2
IPADDR1=192.168.150.111
PREFIX1=24
[root@centos7 ~]#
新IP已经被加入到ifcfg-eth0中,原始地址的关键字是 IPADDR0、PREFIX0,新地址的关键字是 IPADDR1、PREFIX1 。
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3 IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 [root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@centos7 ~]#
load connection 后,NetworkManager 也没有知晓新增IP,新增IP也没有出现在 ip addr show 中。
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254
IP4.ADDRESS[2]:ip = 192.168.150.111/24, gw = 192.168.150.254
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ping 192.168.150.111
PING 192.168.150.111 (192.168.150.111) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.150.110 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.150.110 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
......
[root@centos7 ~]#
重启network服务后,NetworkManager 知晓新增IP了,但新增IP还是没有生效。
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli dev connect enp0s3
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254
IP4.ADDRESS[2]:ip = 192.168.150.111/24, gw = 192.168.150.254
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.150.111/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global secondary enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ping 192.168.150.111
PING 192.168.150.111 (192.168.150.111) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.150.111: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.150.111: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.079 ms
......
[root@centos7 ~]#
重新连接设备 enp0s3,新IP生效了。注意:不需要先断开设备(nmcli dev disconnect enp0s3),断开设备的话ssh立刻断线。重新连接设备的过程中,ssh是不会断线的。
nmtui添加IP后,需要:
nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
nmcli dev connect enp0s3
二、手工添加IP到ifcfg-eth0
在ifcfg-eth0配置文件中手工添加如下两行:
IPADDR2=192.168.150.112
PREFIX2=24
先执行 nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 后,在nmtui中可以看到新增IP。(也可以简单的用 nmcli con reload ,reload 和 load的区别自己脑补一下吧。)
再执行 nmcli dev connect enp0s3 后,IP 192.168.150.112 才生效的。
手工添加IP到ifcfg-eth0后,需要:
nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 或 nmcli con reload
nmcli dev connect enp0s3
三、用ip addr add指令添加/删除IP,即刻生效,重启不保留。
在线添加IP:
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr add 192.168.150.113/24 dev enp0s3 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3 IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 IP4.ADDRESS[2]:ip = 192.168.150.111/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 IP4.ADDRESS[3]:ip = 192.168.150.112/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 IP4.ADDRESS[4]:ip = 192.168.150.113/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.150.111/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.150.112/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.150.113/24 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# ping 192.168.150.113 PING 192.168.150.113 (192.168.150.113) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.150.113: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.098 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.150.113: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.255 ms ......
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 配置文件里并没有192.168.150.113,所以重启后该IP不会保留。
在线删除IP:
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr del 192.168.150.113/24 dev enp0s3 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3 IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 IP4.ADDRESS[2]:ip = 192.168.150.111/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 IP4.ADDRESS[3]:ip = 192.168.150.112/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.150.111/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.150.112/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global secondary enp0s3 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
四、使用子连接配置文件 ifcfg-*:n
子连接配置文件是 Centos6 常用的方法,即:如果当前网卡配置文件为 ifcfg-eth0,则子连接配置文件可以为 ifcfg-eth0:1,并且文件中需要写明 DEVICE=eth0:1 , IPADDR=<新IP地址> 。
我们试试在Centos7 中是否也支持。理论上应该是不支持的,因为在Centos7的网络连接配置文件(即 ifcfg-*)中,DEVICE关键字已经具有了新的定义,即我们上篇说的“设备”。参考上篇 http://www.cnblogs.com/panblack/p/Centos7-WhatsNew-02-networking.html
首先注释掉ifcfg-eth0中的其他地址,复制 ifcfg-eth0 为 ifcfg-eth0:1,编辑ifcfg-eth0:1, DEVICE 设为eth0:1 ,IP设为 192.168.150.119 ,然后 nmcli con reload , nmcli dev con enp0s3
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=no IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_PEERDNS=yes IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=eth0 UUID=295e1841-0ff3-4db9-8800-4e25fc2944da ONBOOT=yes IPADDR0=192.168.150.110 PREFIX0=24 GATEWAY0=192.168.150.254 DNS1=192.168.150.254 HWADDR=08:00:27:15:35:D2 #IPADDR1=192.168.150.111 #PREFIX1=24 #IPADDR2=192.168.150.112 #PREFIX2=24 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=no IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_PEERDNS=yes IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=eth0:1 DEVICE=eth0:1 UUID=295e1841-0ff3-4db9-8800-4e25fc2944da ONBOOT=yes IPADDR0=192.168.150.119 PREFIX0=24 GATEWAY0=192.168.150.254 DNS1=192.168.150.254 HWADDR=08:00:27:15:35:D2 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli con reload [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli dev connect enp0s3 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli -t -f IP4.ADDRESS dev show enp0s3 IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.150.110/24, gw = 192.168.150.254 [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# [root@centos7 ~]# ip addr show enp0s3 scope global 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:15:35:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.150.110/24 brd 192.168.150.255 scope global eth0:1 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@centos7 ~]#
可以看到ifcfg-eth0:1里的新IP确实没有生效。
五、总结
标签:des style blog http color io os 使用 ar
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/panblack/p/Centos7-WhatsNew-03-multi-ipaddress.html