Week2-列表、字符串方法示例

#!/usr/bin/en python
# Author:lijun

import copy

names = ["lijun","haha","shanshan","heihei"]

#增删改查
print(names[0],names[2])
print(names[1:3])
print(names[-2:0])
print(names[-2:])
print(names[:3])

names.append("xixi")
print(names)
names.insert(1,"gaga")
print(names)

names[2] = "22"
print(names)

names.remove("lijun")
print(names)
del names[1]  #names.pop(1)
print(names)
names.pop()  #默认删除最后一个
print(names)

#列表索引位置：
print(names.index("shanshan"))
print(names[names.index("shanshan")])

#清空列表
#names.clear()
#print(names)

#反转列表：
names.reverse()
print(names)

#排序
names.sort()
print(names)

#合并列表：
name2=[1,2,3,4]
names.extend(name2)
print(names)
print(name2)

#删除列表：
#del name2
#print(name2)

#复制列表：浅copy(只拷贝第一层)：
name2=names.copy()  #等于name2=copy.copy(names)   name2=names[:]   name2=list(names)
print(name2)

#拷贝不变
names[2] = "李军"
print(names)
print(name2)

#列表内包括列表：拷贝只拷贝最外一层，列表内的列表只是内存指针，拷贝会跟随改变
names.append([1,2])
name2=names.copy()

#深copy:
name3 = copy.deepcopy(names)
print(names,name2,name3)

names[2]="lijun"
names[-1][0]=3
print(names,name2,name3)

#遍历列表：range(5)
for i in names:
    print(i)

for i in range(5):
    print(names[i])


name4="my name is lijun"

print(name4.capitalize())   #首字母大写
print(name4.count("i"))     #统计字母i的数量
print(name4.center(50,"="))
print(name4.endswith("un")) #判断结尾
print(name4.expandtabs(tabsize=30))
print(name4.find("name"))   #索引位置
print(name4[name4.find("name"):])    #切片

name5="my name is {name} and i am {year} old"
print(name5.format(name=‘shanshan‘,year=23))
print(name5.format_map({‘name‘:‘shanshan‘,"year":"23"}))

print(‘ab23‘.isalnum())     #检测字符串是否由字母和数字组成。
print(‘abA‘.isalpha())
print("1A".isdecimal())
print("1A".isdigit())
print("1A".isidentifier()) #判断是不是一个合法的标识符(变量名)
print("a 1A".islower())     #是否为小写
print(‘1‘.isnumeric())      #是否是数字
print(‘ ‘.isspace())
print(‘My Nmae Is ‘.istitle())
print(‘My Nmae Is ‘.isprintable())
print(‘My Nmae Is ‘.upper())
print(name4.ljust(50,‘*‘))
print(name4.rjust(50,‘*‘))
print("LIJUN".lower())
print("lijun".upper())
print("\nlijun".lstrip())   #去掉左边换行符
print("lijun\n".rstrip())   #去掉右边换行符
print("\nlijun\n".strip())   #去掉前后换行符
print(‘,‘.join([‘1‘,‘2‘,‘3‘,‘4‘]))  #以,为分隔符将列表转换成字符串

p = str.maketrans("abcdef",‘123456‘)
print("alex li".translate(p))   #根据上面规则加密

print("lijun li".replace(‘l‘,‘L‘))

print("lijun li".replace(‘l‘,‘L‘,1))
print("lijun li".rfind(‘l‘))    #找出最右边字母l的索引位置
print("lijun li".split(‘l‘))   #按l分隔字符串，默认按空格
print("1+2+3+4".split(‘+‘))
print("1+2\n3+4".splitlines())
print("LiJun".swapcase())
print("li jun".title())
print(‘li jun‘.zfill(50))   #总共50位，不够用0补充  用于进制