标签:ubuntu oca 执行 bing 建立 rap 导致 ali work
Todo list:
在分布式的tensorflow是根据DisBelif进行的改进. 在DisBelief中有两个不同的进程,分别是Parameter Server(PS) 和 worker replices;
PS的职责是: 保存模型的状态(也是每次更新的参数值),并根据随后的梯度进行更新. 他的作用是将每个work中的图连接起来
worker的职责是: 计算权重的梯度
tensorflow借鉴了这种方式, 并且在程序代码的书写上更加人性化: DisBelief中的Work和PS是两种不同的代码执行的进程; 但是在tf中work和ps的代码是完全相同的,
Work Replication有两种方式一种是In-graph 另一种是Between-graph
In-graph:
将模型的计算图的不同部分放在不同的机器上执行
In-graph模式, 把计算已经从单机多GPU,扩展到了多机多GPU了, 但是数据分发还是在一个节点。 这样的好处是配置简单, 其他多机多GPU的计算节点, 暴露一个网络接口,等在那里接受任务就好了。 这些计算节点暴露出来的网络接口,使用起来就跟本机的一个GPU设备所调用的函数一样, 指定tf.device(“/job:worker/task:n”)即可. PS负责join操作,
Between-graph:
数据并行,每台机器使用完全相同的计算图; Between-graph模式下,训练的参数保存在参数服务器, 数据不用分发, 数据分片的保存在各个计算节点, 各个计算节点自己算自己的, 算完了之后, 把要更新的参数告诉参数服务器,参数服务器更新参数。这种模式的优点是不用训练数据的分发了, 尤其是在数据量在TB级的时候, 节省了大量的时间,所以大数据深度学习还是推荐使用Between-graph模式。
以上两种操作均支持 同步更新和异步更新.
在同步更新的时候, 每次梯度更新,要等所有分发出去的数据计算完成后,返回回来结果之后,把梯度累加算了均值之后,再更新参数。 这样的好处是loss的下降比较稳定, 但是这个的坏处也很明显, 处理的速度取决于最慢的那个分片计算的时间。
在异步更新的时候, 所有的计算节点,各自算自己的, 更新参数也是自己更新自己计算的结果, 这样的优点就是计算速度快, 计算资源能得到充分利用,但是缺点是loss的下降不稳定, 抖动大。
在数据量小的情况下, 各个节点的计算能力比较均衡的情况下, 推荐使用同步模式;数据量很大,各个机器的计算性能掺差不齐的情况下,推荐使用异步的方式。
ubuntu16.04 服务器 *3 , ip=[172.16.60.114, 172.16.60.107, 172.16.5:0.111]
Cuda8.0 , Cudnn6
Tensorflow 1.10.0
Anaconda3| python3.6
代码详情参见:github: Leechen2014/tec4tensorflow
分布式使用方法
cluster = tf.train.ClusterSpec({‘ps‘: ‘ps的服务器的URL‘, ‘worker‘: ‘work服务的URL‘})
server = tf.train.Server(cluster, job_name="自己其名字" task_index=FLAGS.task_index)
针对ps服务需要做:
server.join()
多卡的GPU 实现:
with tf.device(tf.train.replica_device_setter(cluster=cluster )) # 也可以在每台worker上写worker_device = ‘/job:worker/task%d/gpu:0‘ , 这种方式有点麻烦
# 在ps主机启动grcp服务, 运行的命令如下:
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='5,6' python TestDistributed.py --job_name=ps --task_index=0
# 在107上运行命令如下:
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='5,6' python TestDistributed.py --job_name=worker --task_index=0
# 在111上的运行命令如下:
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='5,6' python TestDistributed.py --job_name=worker --task_index=1
with tf.device(tf.train.replica_device_setter(cluster=XXX)
flags.DEFINE_string(‘worker_hosts‘, ‘172.16.60.107:22221,172.16.50.111:22221‘,‘Comma-separated list of hostname:port pairs‘)
运行结果:
# 114 是ps, 启动grpc服务
2018-09-12 16:07:55.938936: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:971] 0 1
2018-09-12 16:07:55.938944: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:984] 0: N Y
2018-09-12 16:07:55.938949: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:984] 1: Y N
2018-09-12 16:07:55.940175: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1097] Created TensorFlow device (/job:ps/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:0 with 10403 MB memory) -> physical GPU (device: 0, name: GeForce GTX 1080 Ti, pci bus id: 0000:0d:00.0, compute capability: 6.1)
2018-09-12 16:07:56.080591: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1097] Created TensorFlow device (/job:ps/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:1 with 10403 MB memory) -> physical GPU (device: 1, name: GeForce GTX 1080 Ti, pci bus id: 0000:0e:00.0, compute capability: 6.1)
2018-09-12 16:07:56.742461: I tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/rpc/grpc_channel.cc:215] Initialize GrpcChannelCache for job ps -> {0 -> localhost:22221}
2018-09-12 16:07:56.742526: I tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/rpc/grpc_channel.cc:215] Initialize GrpcChannelCache for job worker -> {0 -> 172.16.60.107:22221, 1 -> 172.16.50.111:22221}
2018-09-12 16:07:56.764061: I tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/rpc/grpc_server_lib.cc:375] Started server with target: grpc://localhost:22221
------------------------
# 107 是work0
1536739841.883745: Worker 0: traing step 7599 dome (global step:9986)
1536739841.897058: Worker 0: traing step 7600 dome (global step:9988)
1536739841.910197: Worker 0: traing step 7601 dome (global step:9990)
1536739841.923900: Worker 0: traing step 7602 dome (global step:9992)
1536739841.936971: Worker 0: traing step 7603 dome (global step:9994)
1536739841.950250: Worker 0: traing step 7604 dome (global step:9996)
1536739841.964122: Worker 0: traing step 7605 dome (global step:9998)
1536739841.978155: Worker 0: traing step 7606 dome (global step:10000)
Training ends @ 1536739841.978258
Training elapsed time:98.617033 s
After 10000 training step(s), validation cross entropy = 1141.94
----------------------------
#111 是work1
1536739841.872289: Worker 1: traing step 2389 dome (global step:9985)
1536739841.885433: Worker 1: traing step 2390 dome (global step:9987)
1536739841.898431: Worker 1: traing step 2391 dome (global step:9989)
1536739841.911799: Worker 1: traing step 2392 dome (global step:9991)
1536739841.924894: Worker 1: traing step 2393 dome (global step:9993)
1536739841.938620: Worker 1: traing step 2394 dome (global step:9995)
1536739841.952448: Worker 1: traing step 2395 dome (global step:9997)
1536739841.966328: Worker 1: traing step 2396 dome (global step:9999)
1536739841.979593: Worker 1: traing step 2397 dome (global step:10001)
Training ends @ 1536739841.979693
Training elapsed time:41.149895 s
After 10000 training step(s), validation cross entropy = 1141.94
D0912 16:10:42.498070727 37760 dns_resolver.cc:280] Start resolving.
通过以上的运行结果可以发现, 114启动了gRcp服务, 但没有关闭, 关于这个问题,stack overflow中已经有人给出解决方法Shut down server in TensorFlow , 关于gRcp详情参见[^using-grpc-in-python]:using-grpc-in-python
将ps也做成worker进程的方式是:
将第20行: flags.DEFINE_string(‘worker_hosts‘, ‘172.16.60.107:22221,172.16.50.111:22221‘, ‘Comma-separated list of hostname:port pairs‘)
添加114的ip和端口号, 修改为: flags.DEFINE_string(‘worker_hosts‘, ‘172.16.60.107:22221,172.16.50.111:22221,172.16.60.114:22222‘, ‘Comma-separated list of hostname:port pairs‘)
从新运行即可,注意运行顺序
运行结果:
##############114 ps##################################
h strength 1 edge matrix:
2018-09-12 16:38:41.432822: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:971] 0 1
2018-09-12 16:38:41.432830: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:984] 0: N Y
2018-09-12 16:38:41.432835: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:984] 1: Y N
2018-09-12 16:38:41.433475: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1097] Created TensorFlow device (/job:ps/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:0 with 10403 MB memory) -> physical GPU (device: 0, name: GeForce GTX 1080 Ti, pci bus id: 0000:0d:00.0, compute capability: 6.1)
2018-09-12 16:38:41.949217: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1097] Created TensorFlow device (/job:ps/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:1 with 10403 MB memory) -> physical GPU (device: 1, name: GeForce GTX 1080 Ti, pci bus id: 0000:0e:00.0, compute capability: 6.1)
2018-09-12 16:38:42.086615: I tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/rpc/grpc_channel.cc:215] Initialize GrpcChannelCache for job ps -> {0 -> localhost:22221}
2018-09-12 16:38:42.086674: I tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/rpc/grpc_channel.cc:215] Initialize GrpcChannelCache for job worker -> {0 -> 172.16.60.107:22221, 1 -> 172.16.50.111:22221, 2 -> 172.16.60.114:22222}
2018-09-12 16:38:42.094741: I tensorflow/core/distributed_runtime/rpc/grpc_server_lib.cc:375] Started server with target: grpc://localhost:22221
###############107 worker 0##########################
#CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='5,6' python TestDistributed.py --job_name=worker --task_index=0
1536741807.352432: Worker 0: traing step 3305 dome (global step:9997)
1536741807.388893: Worker 0: traing step 3306 dome (global step:10000)
Training ends @ 1536741807.388980
Training elapsed time:80.524482 s
After 10000 training step(s), validation cross entropy = 1127
####################111 worker 1###################################
#CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='5,6' python TestDistributed.py --job_name=worker --task_index=1
1536741807.370341: Worker 1: traing step 3222 dome (global step:9998)
1536741807.398533: Worker 1: traing step 3223 dome (global step:10002)
Training ends @ 1536741807.398634
Training elapsed time:79.786702 s
After 10000 training step(s), validation cross entropy = 1127
#################114 worker2 #############
#CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='0,1' python TestDistributed.py --job_name=worker --task_index=2
1536741807.346162: Worker 2: traing step 3474 dome (global step:9996)
1536741807.359073: Worker 2: traing step 3475 dome (global step:10000)
Training ends @ 1536741807.359174
Training elapsed time:79.858818 s
After 10000 training step(s), validation cross entropy = 1127
根据日志可以做出初步对比:
使用两个worker平均耗时69.975s; loss=1141.94, 所需要的时间是 三个worker,平均时间:80.806s;loss=1127
Distributed TensorFlow
TensorFlow分布式全套(原理,部署,实例)
白话tensorflow分布式部署和开发
分布式注意事项
学习笔记TF061:分布式TensorFlow,分布式原理、最佳实践
标签:ubuntu oca 执行 bing 建立 rap 导致 ali work
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/greentomlee/p/9636031.html