标签:style blog http color io ar for sp div
Given a 2D board containing ‘X‘ and ‘O‘, capture all regions surrounded by ‘X‘. A region is captured by flipping all ‘O‘s into ‘X‘s in that surrounded region. For example, X X X X X O O X X X O X X O X X After running your function, the board should be: X X X X X X X X X X X X X O X X
难度:92。这个题目用到的方法是图形学中的一个常用方法:Flood fill算法,其实就是从一个点出发对周围区域进行目标颜色的填充。背后的思想就是把一个矩阵看成一个图的结构,每个点看成结点,而边则是他上下左右的相邻点,然后进行一次广度或者深度优先搜索。
这道题首先四个边缘上的‘O’点都不是被surrounded的,这是很直接能看出的,麻烦的是与这些边界上的‘O’点毗邻的其他‘O’点,这些点由于跟边缘上的‘O‘毗邻,所以也米有被‘X’包裹住。所以我们的想法是:把边界上的‘O’点都找出来,对它们做Flood Fill, 把联通的‘O’区域找出来,把这个区域的点统统由‘O’替换为其他字符比如‘$’。这样没有被替换仍旧为‘O’的那些点,就是被‘X’包裹的。这样整体扫描一次,剩下的所有‘O‘都应该被替换成‘X‘,而‘$‘那些最终应该是还原成‘O‘。
复杂度分析上,我们先对边缘做Flood fill算法,因为只有是‘O‘才会进行,而且会被替换成‘#‘,所以每个结点改变次数不会超过一次,因而是O(m*n)的复杂度,最后一次遍历同样是O(m*n),所以总的时间复杂度是O(m*n)。
空间上没懂,看了别人的思路。空间上就是递归栈(深度优先搜索)或者是队列(广度优先搜索)的空间,同时存在的空间占用不会超过O(m+n)(以广度优先搜索为例,每次队列中的结点虽然会往四个方向拓展,但是事实上这些结点会有很多重复,假设从中点出发,可以想象最大的扩展不会超过一个菱形,也就是n/2*2+m/2*2=m+n,所以算法的空间复杂度是O(m+n))
1 public class Solution { 2 public void solve(char[][] board) { 3 if (board==null || board.length==0 || board[0].length==0) return; 4 for (int i=0; i<board[0].length; i++) { 5 if (board[0][i] == ‘O‘) { 6 board[0][i] = ‘$‘; 7 floodFill(board, 0*board[0].length+i); 8 } 9 if (board[board.length-1][i] == ‘O‘) { 10 board[board.length-1][i] = ‘$‘; 11 floodFill(board, (board.length-1)*board[0].length+i); 12 } 13 } 14 for (int i=0; i<board.length; i++) { 15 if (board[i][0] == ‘O‘) { 16 board[i][0] = ‘$‘; 17 floodFill(board, i*board[0].length+0); 18 } 19 if (board[i][board[0].length-1] == ‘O‘) { 20 board[i][board[0].length-1] = ‘$‘; 21 floodFill(board, i*board[0].length+board[0].length-1); 22 } 23 } 24 25 for (int i=0; i<board.length; i++) { 26 for (int j=0; j<board[0].length; j++) { 27 if (board[i][j] == ‘X‘) continue; 28 if (board[i][j] == ‘$‘) { 29 board[i][j] = ‘O‘; 30 } 31 else if (board[i][j] == ‘O‘) { 32 board[i][j] = ‘X‘; 33 } 34 } 35 } 36 } 37 38 public void floodFill(char[][] board, int num) { 39 LinkedList<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<Integer>(); 40 queue.add(num); 41 while (queue.size() !=0) { 42 int temp = queue.poll(); 43 int row = temp/board[0].length; 44 int col = temp%board[0].length; 45 if (row<board.length-1 && board[row+1][col]==‘O‘) { 46 board[row+1][col] = ‘$‘; 47 queue.add((row+1)*board[0].length + col); 48 } 49 if (row>0 && board[row-1][col]==‘O‘) { 50 board[row-1][col] = ‘$‘; 51 queue.add((row-1)*board[0].length + col); 52 } 53 if (col<board[0].length-1 && board[row][col+1]==‘O‘) { 54 board[row][col+1] = ‘$‘; 55 queue.add(row*board[0].length + col + 1); 56 } 57 if (col>0 && board[row][col-1]==‘O‘) { 58 board[row][col-1] = ‘$‘; 59 queue.add(row*board[0].length + col - 1); 60 } 61 } 62 } 63 }
标签:style blog http color io ar for sp div
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/EdwardLiu/p/4014864.html