TensorFlow实现Softmax回归（模型存储与加载）

 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 2 """
 3 Created on Thu Oct 18 18:02:26 2018
 4 
 5 @author: zhen
 6 """
 7 
 8 from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
 9 import tensorflow as tf
10 
11 # mn.SOURCE_URL = "http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/"
12 my_mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("C:/Users/zhen/MNIST_data_bak/", one_hot=True)
13 
14 # The MNIST data is split into three parts:
15 # 55,000 data points of training data (mnist.train)
16 # 10,000 points of test data (mnist.test), and
17 # 5,000 points of validation data (mnist.validation).
18 
19 # Each image is 28 pixels by 28 pixels
20 
21 # 输入的是一堆图片，None表示不限输入条数，784表示每张图片都是一个784个像素值的一维向量
22 # 所以输入的矩阵是None乘以784二维矩阵
23 x = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=(None, 784))
24 # 初始化都是0，二维矩阵784乘以10个W值
25 W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784, 10]))
26 b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10]))
27 
28 y = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(x, W) + b)
29 
30 # 训练
31 # labels是每张图片都对应一个one-hot的10个值的向量
32 y_ = tf.placeholder(dtype=tf.float32, shape=(None, 10))
33 # 定义损失函数，交叉熵损失函数
34 # 对于多分类问题，通常使用交叉熵损失函数
35 # reduction_indices等价于axis，指明按照每行加，还是按照每列加
36 cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(-tf.reduce_sum(y_ * tf.log(y),
37                                               reduction_indices=[1]))
38 train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(cross_entropy)
39 
40 # 评估
41 
42 # tf.argmax()是一个从tensor中寻找最大值的序号，tf.argmax就是求各个预测的数字中概率最大的那一个
43 
44 correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1))
45 
46 # 用tf.cast将之前correct_prediction输出的bool值转换为float32，再求平均
47 accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
48 
49 # 初始化变量
50 sess = tf.InteractiveSession()
51 tf.global_variables_initializer().run()
52 # 创建Saver节点，用于保存训练的模型
53 saver = tf.train.Saver()
54 for i in range(100):
55     batch_xs, batch_ys = my_mnist.train.next_batch(100)
56     sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y_: batch_ys})
57     # 每隔一段时间保存一次中间结果
58     if i % 10 == 0:
59         save_path = saver.save(sess, "C:/Users/zhen/MNIST_data_bak/saver/softmax_middle_model.ckpt")
60     
61     # print("TrainSet batch acc : %s " % accuracy.eval({x: batch_xs, y_: batch_ys}))
62     # print("ValidSet acc : %s" % accuracy.eval({x: my_mnist.validation.images, y_: my_mnist.validation.labels}))
63 
64 # 测试
65 print("TestSet acc : %s" % accuracy.eval({x: my_mnist.test.images, y_: my_mnist.test.labels}))
66 # 保存最终的模型
67 save_path = saver.save(sess, "C:/Users/zhen/MNIST_data_bak/saver/softmax_final_model.ckpt")
68 
69 # 使用训练好的模型直接进行预测
70 with tf.Session() as sess_back:
71     saver.restore(sess_back, "C:/Users/zhen/MNIST_data_bak/saver/softmax_final_model.ckpt")
72     # 评估
73     correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1))
74     accruary = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
75     # 测试
76     print(accuracy.eval({x : my_mnist.test.images, y_ : my_mnist.test.labels}))
77 # 总结
78 # 1，定义算法公式，也就是神经网络forward时的计算
79 # 2，定义loss，选定优化器，并指定优化器优化loss
80 # 3，迭代地对数据进行训练
81 # 4，在测试集或验证集上对准确率进行评测