标签：RKE 还需 管理类 无法连接 关注 绑定 ict 输出 比较
????本示例通过对服务订阅的封装、隐藏细节实现、统一配置、自动重连、异常处理等各个方面来打造一个简单易用的 RabbitMQ 工厂；本文适合适合有一定 RabbitMQ 使用经验的读者阅读，如果你还没有实际使用过 RabbitMQ，也没有关系，因为本文的代码都是基于直接运行的实例，通过简单的修改 RabbitMQ 即可运行。
????首先，创建一个 .netcore 控制台项目，创建 Helper、Service、Utils 文件夹，分别用于存放通道管理、服务订阅、公共组件。
public class MQConfig
{
/// <summary>
/// 访问消息队列的用户名
/// </summary>
public string UserName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 访问消息队列的密码
/// </summary>
public string Password { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列的主机地址
/// </summary>
public string HostName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列的主机开放的端口
/// </summary>
public int Port { get; set; }
}创建 RabbitMQ 连接管理类，用于创建连接，关闭连接
创建一个消息体对象 MessageBody，用于解析和传递消息到业务系统中，在接下来的 MQChannel 类中会用到
public class MessageBody
{
public EventingBasicConsumer Consumer { get; set; }
public BasicDeliverEventArgs BasicDeliver { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 0成功
/// </summary>
public int Code { get; set; }
public string Content { get; set; }
public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
public bool Error { get; set; }
public Exception Exception { get; set; }
} public class MQChannel
{
public string ExchangeTypeName { get; set; }
public string ExchangeName { get; set; }
public string QueueName { get; set; }
public string RoutekeyName { get; set; }
public IConnection Connection { get; set; }
public EventingBasicConsumer Consumer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 外部订阅消费者通知委托
/// </summary>
public Action<MessageBody> OnReceivedCallback { get; set; }
public MQChannel(string exchangeType, string exchange, string queue, string routekey)
{
this.ExchangeTypeName = exchangeType;
this.ExchangeName = exchange;
this.QueueName = queue;
this.RoutekeyName = routekey;
}
/// <summary>
/// 向当前队列发送消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="content"></param>
public void Publish(string content)
{
byte[] body = MQConnection.UTF8.GetBytes(content);
IBasicProperties prop = new BasicProperties();
prop.DeliveryMode = 1;
Consumer.Model.BasicPublish(this.ExchangeName, this.RoutekeyName, false, prop, body);
}
internal void Receive(object sender, BasicDeliverEventArgs e)
{
MessageBody body = new MessageBody();
try
{
string content = MQConnection.UTF8.GetString(e.Body);
body.Content = content;
body.Consumer = (EventingBasicConsumer)sender;
body.BasicDeliver = e;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
body.ErrorMessage = $"订阅-出错{ex.Message}";
body.Exception = ex;
body.Error = true;
body.Code = 500;
}
OnReceivedCallback?.Invoke(body);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置消息处理完成标志
/// </summary>
/// <param name="consumer"></param>
/// <param name="deliveryTag"></param>
/// <param name="multiple"></param>
public void SetBasicAck(EventingBasicConsumer consumer, ulong deliveryTag, bool multiple)
{
consumer.Model.BasicAck(deliveryTag, multiple);
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭消息队列的连接
/// </summary>
public void Stop()
{
if (this.Connection != null && this.Connection.IsOpen)
{
this.Connection.Close();
this.Connection.Dispose();
}
}
}在上面的 MQChannel 类中，首先是在构造函数内对当前通道的属性进行设置，其次提供了 Publish 和 OnReceivedCallback 的委托，
当通道接收到消息的时候，会进入方法 Receive 中，在 Receive 中，经过封装成 MessageBody 对象，并调用委托 OnReceivedCallback ，将，解析好的
消息传递到外边订阅者的业务中。最终在 MQChannel 中还提供了消息确认的操作方法 SetBasicAck，供业务系统手动调用。
接着再创建一个 RabbitMQ 通道管理类，用于创建通道，代码非常简单，只有一个公共方法 CreateReceiveChannel，传入相关参数，创建一个 MQChannel 对象
public class MQChannelManager
{
public MQConnection MQConn { get; set; }
public MQChannelManager(MQConnection conn)
{
this.MQConn = conn;
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建消息通道
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cfg"></param>
public MQChannel CreateReceiveChannel(string exchangeType, string exchange, string queue, string routekey)
{
IModel model = this.CreateModel(exchangeType, exchange, queue, routekey);
model.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
EventingBasicConsumer consumer = this.CreateConsumer(model, queue);
MQChannel channel = new MQChannel(exchangeType, exchange, queue, routekey)
{
Connection = this.MQConn.Connection,
Consumer = consumer
};
consumer.Received += channel.Receive;
return channel;
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建一个通道，包含交换机/队列/路由，并建立绑定关系
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">交换机类型</param>
/// <param name="exchange">交换机名称</param>
/// <param name="queue">队列名称</param>
/// <param name="routeKey">路由名称</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private IModel CreateModel(string type, string exchange, string queue, string routeKey, IDictionary<string, object> arguments = null)
{
type = string.IsNullOrEmpty(type) ? "default" : type;
IModel model = this.MQConn.Connection.CreateModel();
model.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
model.QueueDeclare(queue, true, false, false, arguments);
model.QueueBind(queue, exchange, routeKey);
return model;
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收消息到队列中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model">消息通道</param>
/// <param name="queue">队列名称</param>
/// <param name="callback">订阅消息的回调事件</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private EventingBasicConsumer CreateConsumer(IModel model, string queue)
{
EventingBasicConsumer consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(model);
model.BasicConsume(queue, false, consumer);
return consumer;
}
} public MQChannelManager(MQConnection conn)
{
this.MQConn = conn;
} public class MQConnection
{
private string vhost = string.Empty;
private IConnection connection = null;
private MQConfig config = null;
/// <summary>
/// 构造无 utf8 标记的编码转换器
/// </summary>
public static UTF8Encoding UTF8 { get; set; } = new UTF8Encoding(false);
public MQConnection(MQConfig config, string vhost)
{
this.config = config;
this.vhost = vhost;
}
public IConnection Connection
{
get
{
if (connection == null)
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory
{
AutomaticRecoveryEnabled = true,
UserName = this.config.UserName,
Password = this.config.Password,
HostName = this.config.HostName,
VirtualHost = this.vhost,
Port = this.config.Port
};
connection = factory.CreateConnection();
}
return connection;
}
}
}????设想一下，有这样的一个业务场景，通道管理和服务管理都是相同的操作，如果这些基础操作都在一个
地方定义，且有一个默认的实现，那么后来者就不需要去关注这些技术细节，直接继承基础类后，传入相应的消息配置即可完成
消息订阅和发布操作。
public interface IService
{
/// <summary>
/// 创建通道
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queue">队列名称</param>
/// <param name="routeKey">路由名称</param>
/// <param name="exchangeType">交换机类型</param>
/// <returns></returns>
MQChannel CreateChannel(string queue, string routeKey, string exchangeType);
/// <summary>
/// 开启订阅
/// </summary>
void Start();
/// <summary>
/// 停止订阅
/// </summary>
void Stop();
/// <summary>
/// 通道列表
/// </summary>
List<MQChannel> Channels { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列中定义的虚拟机
/// </summary>
string vHost { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列中定义的交换机
/// </summary>
string Exchange { get; }
} public abstract class MQServiceBase : IService
{
internal bool started = false;
internal MQServiceBase(MQConfig config)
{
this.Config = config;
}
public MQChannel CreateChannel(string queue, string routeKey, string exchangeType)
{
MQConnection conn = new MQConnection(this.Config, this.vHost);
MQChannelManager cm = new MQChannelManager(conn);
MQChannel channel = cm.CreateReceiveChannel(exchangeType, this.Exchange, queue, routeKey);
return channel;
}
/// <summary>
/// 启动订阅
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (started)
{
return;
}
MQConnection conn = new MQConnection(this.Config, this.vHost);
MQChannelManager manager = new MQChannelManager(conn);
foreach (var item in this.Queues)
{
MQChannel channel = manager.CreateReceiveChannel(item.ExchangeType, this.Exchange, item.Queue, item.RouterKey);
channel.OnReceivedCallback = item.OnReceived;
this.Channels.Add(channel);
}
started = true;
}
/// <summary>
/// 停止订阅
/// </summary>
public void Stop()
{
foreach (var c in this.Channels)
{
c.Stop();
}
this.Channels.Clear();
started = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
public abstract void OnReceived(MessageBody message);
public List<MQChannel> Channels { get; set; } = new List<MQChannel>();
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列配置
/// </summary>
public MQConfig Config { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列中定义的虚拟机
/// </summary>
public abstract string vHost { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息队列中定义的交换机
/// </summary>
public abstract string Exchange { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 定义的队列列表
/// </summary>
public List<QueueInfo> Queues { get; } = new List<QueueInfo>();
}????上面的抽象类，原封不动的实现接口契约，代码非常简单，在 Start 方法中，创建通道和启动消息订阅；同时，将
通道加入属性 Channels 中，方便后面的自检服务使用；在 Start 方法中
/// <summary>
/// 启动订阅
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (started)
{
return;
}
MQConnection conn = new MQConnection(this.Config, this.vHost);
MQChannelManager manager = new MQChannelManager(conn);
foreach (var item in this.Queues)
{
MQChannel channel = manager.CreateReceiveChannel(item.ExchangeType, this.Exchange, item.Queue, item.RouterKey);
channel.OnReceivedCallback = item.OnReceived;
this.Channels.Add(channel);
}
started = true;
}????使用 MQChannelManager 创建了一个通道，并将通道的回调委托 OnReceivedCallback 设置为 item.OnReceived 方法，该方法
将有子类实现；在将当前订阅服务通道创建完成后，标记服务状态 started 为 true，防止重复启动；
同时，在该抽象类中，不实现契约的 OnReceived(MessageBody message);强制基础业务服务类去自我实现，因为各种业务的特殊性，这块
对消息的处理不能再基础服务中完成
public class MQServcieManager
{
public int Timer_tick { get; set; } = 10 * 1000;
private Timer timer = null;
public Action<MessageLevel, string, Exception> OnAction = null;
public MQServcieManager()
{
timer = new Timer(OnInterval, "", Timer_tick, Timer_tick);
}
/// <summary>
/// 自检，配合 RabbitMQ 内部自动重连机制
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
private void OnInterval(object sender)
{
int error = 0, reconnect = 0;
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Information, $"{DateTime.Now} 正在执行自检", null);
foreach (var item in this.Services)
{
for (int i = 0; i < item.Channels.Count; i++)
{
var c = item.Channels[i];
if (c.Connection == null || !c.Connection.IsOpen)
{
error++;
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Information, $"{c.ExchangeName} {c.QueueName} {c.RoutekeyName} 重新创建订阅", null);
try
{
c.Stop();
var channel = item.CreateChannel(c.QueueName, c.RoutekeyName, c.ExchangeTypeName);
item.Channels.Remove(c);
item.Channels.Add(channel);
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Information, $"{c.ExchangeName} {c.QueueName} {c.RoutekeyName} 重新创建完成", null);
reconnect++;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Information, ex.Message, ex);
}
}
}
}
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Information, $"{DateTime.Now} 自检完成，错误数：{error}，重连成功数：{reconnect}", null);
}
public void Start()
{
foreach (var item in this.Services)
{
try
{
item.Start();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Error, $"启动服务出错 | {e.Message}", e);
}
}
}
public void Stop()
{
try
{
foreach (var item in this.Services)
{
item.Stop();
}
Services.Clear();
timer.Dispose();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Error, $"停止服务出错 | {e.Message}", e);
}
}
public void AddService(IService service)
{
Services.Add(service);
}
public List<IService> Services { get; set; } = new List<IService>();
} public enum MessageLevel
{
Trace = 0,
Debug = 1,
Information = 2,
Warning = 3,
Error = 4,
Critical = 5,
None = 6
}????终于来到了这一步，我们将要开始使用这个基础服务；首先，创建一个 DemoService 继承自 MQServiceBase ；
同时，实现 MQServiceBase 的抽象方法 OnReceived(MessageBody message)
public class DemoService : MQServiceBase
{
public Action<MessageLevel, string, Exception> OnAction = null;
public DemoService(MQConfig config) : base(config)
{
base.Queues.Add(new QueueInfo()
{
ExchangeType = ExchangeType.Direct,
Queue = "login-message",
RouterKey = "pk",
OnReceived = this.OnReceived
});
}
public override string vHost { get { return "gpush"; } }
public override string Exchange { get { return "user"; } }
/// <summary>
/// 接收消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
public override void OnReceived(MessageBody message)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine(message.Content);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
OnAction?.Invoke(MessageLevel.Error, ex.Message, ex);
}
message.Consumer.Model.BasicAck(message.BasicDeliver.DeliveryTag, true);
}
} public partial class QueueInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 队列名称
/// </summary>
public string Queue { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 路由名称
/// </summary>
public string RouterKey { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 交换机类型
/// </summary>
public string ExchangeType { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 接受消息委托
/// </summary>
public Action<MessageBody> OnReceived { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 输出信息到客户端
/// </summary>
public Action<MQChannel, MessageLevel, string> OnAction { get; set; }
} class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Test();
}
static void Test()
{
MQConfig config = new MQConfig()
{
HostName = "127.0.0.1",
Password = "123456",
Port = 5672,
UserName = "dotnet"
};
MQServcieManager manager = new MQServcieManager();
manager.AddService(new DemoService(config));
manager.OnAction = OnActionOutput;
manager.Start();
Console.WriteLine("服务已启动");
Console.ReadKey();
manager.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("服务已停止,按任意键退出...");
Console.ReadKey();
}
static void OnActionOutput(MessageLevel level, string message, Exception ex)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("{0} | {1} | {2}", level, message, ex?.StackTrace);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
}
????在文章中，我们建立了 RabbitMQ 的通道管理、基础服务管理、契约实现等操作，让业务开发人员
通过简单的继承实现去快速的处理业务系统的逻辑，后续如果有增加消费者的情况下，只需要通过 MQServcieManager.AddService 进行简单的调用操作即可，无需对底层技术细节进行过多的改动。
标签：RKE 还需 管理类 无法连接 关注 绑定 ict 输出 比较
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/viter/p/10003185.html
