DRF之解析器组件及序列化组件

li = [1, 2, 3, 4]
# 方式一：使用普通for循环
new_list = list()
for item in li:
    new_list.append(item * 2)

# 方式二：使用列表推导式
li = [ x * 2 for x in li]

class Father(object):
    country = "china"


class Person(Father):
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


p = Person("pizza", 18)
print(p.__dict__)       # {‘name‘: ‘pizza‘, ‘age‘: 18}
print(Person.__dict__)  # {‘__module__‘: ‘__main__‘, ‘__init__‘: <function Person.__init__ at 0x103f132f0>, ‘__doc__‘: None}
print(p.name)           # pizza
print(p.age)            # 18
print(p.country)        # china 如果对象不存在这个属性，则会到其父类中查找这个属性
print(p.hobby)          # 如果在父类中也找不到这个属性，则会报错：AttributeError: ‘Person‘ object has no attribute ‘hobby‘

class Father(object):
    country = "china"


class Person(Father):
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def __getattr__(self, value):
        raise ValueError("属性%s不存在" % value)


p = Person("pizza", 18)
print(p.hobby)  # ValueError: 属性hobby不存在

>>> from drf_server import settings
>>> print(settings.NAME) # Pizza

>>> from django.conf import settings
>>> print(settings.NAME)

>>> from django.conf import settings
>>> print(settings.NAME) # Pizza

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Courses(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    description = models.CharField(max_length=128)

class CoursesView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        courses = list()

        for item in Courses.objects.all():
            course = {
                "title": item.title,
                "description": item.description
            }

            courses.append(course)

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(courses, ensure_ascii=False))

from django.core.serializers import serialize

class StudentView(APIView):

    def get(self, request):
       
        origin_students = Student.objects.all()
        serialized_students = serialize("json", origin_students)

        return HttpResponse(serialized_students)

from django.http import JsonResponse

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser, FormParser
# Create your views here.


class LoginView(APIView):
    parser_classes = [FormParser]

    def get(self, request):
        return render(request, ‘parserver/login.html‘)

    def post(self, request):
        # request是被drf封装的新对象，基于django的request
        # request.data是一个property，用于对数据进行校验
        # request.data最后会找到self.parser_classes中的解析器
        # 来实现对数据进行解析
        
        print(request.data)  # {‘username‘: ‘alex‘, ‘password‘: 123}

        return JsonResponse({"status_code": 200, "code": "OK"})

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Publish(models.Model):
    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email = models.EmailField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Author(models.Model):
    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age = models.IntegerField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    publishDate = models.DateField()
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to="Publish", to_field="nid", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to="Author")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

from django.urls import re_path

from serializers import views

urlpatterns = [
    re_path(r‘books/$‘, views.BookView.as_view())
]

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework import serializers

from .models import Book


class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=128)
    publish_date = serializers.DateTimeField()
    price = serializers.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    publish = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
    authors = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

# 当前app中的模块
from .models import Book
from .app_serializer import BookSerializer

# Create your views here.

class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        origin_books = Book.objects.all()
        serialized_books = BookSerializer(origin_books, many=True)

        return Response(serialized_books.data)

class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    BookTitle = serializers.CharField(max_length=128, source="title")
    publishDate = serializers.DateTimeField()
    price = serializers.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    # source也可以用于ForeignKey字段
    publish = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, source="publish.name")
    authors = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)

[
    {
        "title": "Python入门",
        "publishDate": null,
        "price": "119.00",
        "publish": "浙江大学出版社",
        "authors": "serializers.Author.None"
    },
    {
        "title": "Python进阶",
        "publishDate": null,
        "price": "128.00",
        "publish": "清华大学出版社",
        "authors": "serializers.Author.None"
    }
]

class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = serializers.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    publishDate = serializers.DateField()
    publish = serializers.CharField()
    publish_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source=‘publish.name‘)
    publish_email = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source=‘publish.email‘)
    # authors = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, source=‘authors.all‘)
    authors_list = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_authors_list(self, authors_obj):
        authors = list()
        for author in authors_obj.authors.all():
            authors.append(author.name)

        return authors

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

# 当前app中的模块
from .models import Book
from .app_serializer import BookSerializer

# Create your views here.


class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        origin_books = Book.objects.all()
        serialized_books = BookSerializer(origin_books, many=True)

        return Response(serialized_books.data)

    def post(self, request):
        verified_data = BookSerializer(data=request.data)

        if verified_data.is_valid():
            book = verified_data.save()
            # 可写字段通过序列化添加成功之后需要手动添加只读字段
            authors = Author.objects.filter(nid__in=request.data[‘authors‘])
            book.authors.add(*authors)

            return Response(verified_data.data)
        else:
            return Response(verified_data.errors)

# 第二步， 创建一个序列化类，字段类型不一定要跟models的字段一致
class BookSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    # nid = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=128)
    price = serializers.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    publish = serializers.CharField()
    # 外键字段, 显示__str__方法的返回值
    publish_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source=‘publish.name‘)
    publish_city = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source=‘publish.city‘)
    # authors = serializers.CharField(max_length=32) # book_obj.authors.all()

    # 多对多字段需要自己手动获取数据，SerializerMethodField()
    authors_list = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_authors_list(self, book_obj):
        author_list = list()

        for author in book_obj.authors.all():
            author_list.append(author.name)

        return author_list

    def create(self, validated_data):
        # {‘title‘: ‘Python666‘, ‘price‘: Decimal(‘66.00‘), ‘publish‘: ‘2‘}
        validated_data[‘publish_id‘] = validated_data.pop(‘publish‘)
        book = Book.objects.create(**validated_data)

        return book

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        # 更新数据会调用该方法
        instance.title = validated_data.get(‘title‘, instance.title)
        instance.publishDate = validated_data.get(‘publishDate‘, instance.publishDate)
        instance.price = validated_data.get(‘price‘, instance.price)
        instance.publish_id = validated_data.get(‘publish‘, instance.publish.nid)

        instance.save()

        return instance

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book

        fields = (‘title‘,
                  ‘price‘,
                  ‘publish‘,
                  ‘authors‘,
                  ‘author_list‘,
                  ‘publish_name‘,
                  ‘publish_city‘
                  )
        extra_kwargs = {
            ‘publish‘: {‘write_only‘: True},
            ‘authors‘: {‘write_only‘: True}
        }

    publish_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source=‘publish.name‘)
    publish_city = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source=‘publish.city‘)

    author_list = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_author_list(self, book_obj):
        # 拿到queryset开始循环 [{}, {}, {}, {}]
        authors = list()

        for author in book_obj.authors.all():
            authors.append(author.name)

        return authors