每个开发人员都会对自己的代码进行自定义的测试,可以是把项目run起来,手动点点页面按钮,看看操作场景和步骤点是否符合业务需要,是否存在UE上的问题。也有自己写几个测试类,把service类的输入输出是否符合标准都测试一番,这两大类,其实就是包括了前后端的测试工作,分工各有不同。在maven中集成了junit测试包,应该说maven可以集成任何你想的到或者想不到工具插件。
在maven project-01项目中引入junit插件并不困难,只需要在pom.xml中配置好依赖包即可(IDE环境下,依赖项会自动生成)。剩下的测试代码的编写并没有任何不同。另外,test类文件需要按照/src/main/java/的文件结构(main改为test)。
test文件夹结构如下图:
还需要修改pom.xml文件,增加dependencies项,改后的pom.xml内容如下:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
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<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
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<groupId>jizg.study.maven.hello</groupId>
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<artifactId>hello-first</artifactId>
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<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>junit</groupId>
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<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
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<version>4.10</version>
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<scope>test</scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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</project>
接下来在/src/test/java/jizg/study/maven/hello 文件夹下创建TestHello.java文件,这里需要注意,test的包结构可以自定义,要注意必备的路径为/src/test/java/,TestHello.java内容如下:
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package jizg.study.maven.hello;
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import org.junit.*;
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import static junit.framework.Assert.*;
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import jizg.study.maven.hello.*;
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public class TestHello{
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@Test
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public void testHello(){
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Hello h = new Hello();
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assertEquals(h.sayHello("jizg"),"hello :jizg");
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}
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}
最后,改好pom.xml和test类文件之后,可以输入mvn test命令,这会重新把项目build出来,并且输出TestHello.java中的test信息。
控制台输出如下:
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D:\study\maven\01>mvn test
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[INFO] Scanning for projects...
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[INFO]
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[INFO] Building hello-first 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[INFO]
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[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ hello-firs
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t ---
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[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e
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. build is platform dependent!
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[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\study\maven\01\src\main\resources
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[INFO]
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[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.5.1:compile (default-compile) @ hello-first -
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--
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[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
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[INFO]
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[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ he
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llo-first ---
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[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e
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. build is platform dependent!
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[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\study\maven\01\src\test\resources
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[INFO]
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[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.5.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ hello
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-first ---
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[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. buil
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d is platform dependent!
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[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\study\maven\01\target\test-classes
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[INFO]
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[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ hello-first ---
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[INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\study\maven\01\target\surefire-reports
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-------------------------------------------------------
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T E S T S
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-------------------------------------------------------
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Running test.TestHello.TestHello
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Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.151 sec
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Results :
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Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[INFO] Total time: 5.346s
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[INFO] Finished at: Wed Oct 02 18:23:23 CST 2013
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[INFO] Final Memory: 9M/22M
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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D:\study\maven\01>
细心的朋友还会发现,在project-01目录下,新生成了一个target(项目输出)文件夹,下面包括surefire-reports(测试结果)和编译过后的class文件。mvn test可以很好的支持单元测试,maven下的好多命令可以完成其中奇葩怪异的任务,并且mvn 命令支持串行执行。比如,mvn install、mvn clean build等等。