标签:public 数组 dde most app class obj next unless
JDK1.7 和1.8中关于对HashMap的实现,有了一些变化,其中很重要的一个变化,就是在解决Hash冲突的时候,存储数据结构有所调整。
主要实现方式: 通过数组+ 链表的方式实现。当hash冲突的时候,使用链表来解决冲突。但是当hash不均匀的时候,可能会导致数据倾斜到某个数组槽位。那么对集合的更新、查找操作最后转变为线性查找,失去了hash查找的特性。
//使用数组式的链表,如果key的hash值一样,则通过List结构来解决冲突,当hash不均匀,可能会导致最后的数据变为线性查找List,性能无法保证
transient Entry<K,V>[] table;
static class Entry<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
final K key;
V value;
Entry<K,V> next;
int hash;
/**其他方法**/
}
public V put(K key, V value) {
if (key == null)
return putForNullKey(value);
int hash = hash(key);
int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
//当该数组的hash槽位有数据时,则通过链表的方式追加到链表的结尾
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
Object k;
if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k))) {
V oldValue = e.value;
e.value = value;
e.recordAccess(this);
return oldValue;
}
}
modCount++;
addEntry(hash, key, value, i);
return null;
}
void addEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int bucketIndex) {
if ((size >= threshold) && (null != table[bucketIndex])) {
resize(2 * table.length);
hash = (null != key) ? hash(key) : 0;
bucketIndex = indexFor(hash, table.length);
}
createEntry(hash, key, value, bucketIndex);
}
void createEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int bucketIndex) {
Entry<K,V> e = table[bucketIndex];
table[bucketIndex] = new Entry<>(hash, key, value, e);
size++;
}
在1.8的版本中,同样是通过数组+链表的方式存储结构。但是1.7的Entry 被命名为Node,并且 当Node容量到达8的时候,会将Node转换为TreeNode(红黑树结构),查找效率大大提高
/**
* Basic hash bin node, used for most entries. (See below for
* TreeNode subclass, and in LinkedHashMap for its Entry subclass.)
*/
static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
final int hash;
final K key;
V value;
Node<K,V> next;
/**其他方法**/
}
final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
boolean evict) {
Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, i;
if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
n = (tab = resize()).length;
//不存在,直接新建并赋值到数组对应槽位
if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
else {
Node<K,V> e; K k;
//如果已经有该key值,则直接返回该Node
if (p.hash == hash &&
((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
e = p;
//如果该Node 是TreeNode,则直接放入到TreeNode结构中
else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
else {
for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
if ((e = p.next) == null) {
p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
//如果该槽位的值大于等于7的时候,需要转换成TreeNode数据结构来存储;TREEIFY_THRESHOLD等于8
if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
treeifyBin(tab, hash);
break;
}
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
break;
p = e;
}
}
if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
V oldValue = e.value;
if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
e.value = value;
afterNodeAccess(e);
return oldValue;
}
}
++modCount;
if (++size > threshold)
resize();
afterNodeInsertion(evict);
return null;
}
/**
* 将Node数组中,对应hash槽位的Node转换为TreeNode数据结构
*
* Replaces all linked nodes in bin at index for given hash unless
* table is too small, in which case resizes instead.
*/
final void treeifyBin(Node<K,V>[] tab, int hash) {
int n, index; Node<K,V> e;
if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) < MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY)
resize();
else if ((e = tab[index = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
TreeNode<K,V> hd = null, tl = null;
do {
TreeNode<K,V> p = replacementTreeNode(e, null);
if (tl == null)
hd = p;
else {
p.prev = tl;
tl.next = p;
}
tl = p;
} while ((e = e.next) != null);
if ((tab[index] = hd) != null)
hd.treeify(tab);
}
}
标签:public 数组 dde most app class obj next unless
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/henuzyy/p/10230139.html