网络设备的名称从eth0开始排序，使用vmware创建网络的时候，网络设备的名称缺省的被设定为了eno16777736，使用ip addr或者ifconfig确认的时候，我们看到的是eno16777736而不是eth0,本来这不是什么事，但是使用诸如DCOS或者kubernetes1.4等的时候，有些版本对这个还是有些介意的，本文将简单介绍一下如何在centos7下改变网络设备名称。

事前确认

CentOS和Linux内核版本

[root@host31 ~]# uname -a
Linux host31 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@host31 ~]#

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缺省的网络设备名称

[root@host31 ~]# ifconfig
eno16777736: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.32.131  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.32.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe3e:8b29  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:3e:8b:29  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 11736  bytes 15663740 (14.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4502  bytes 311217 (303.9 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@host31 ~]#

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ifconfig在centos7上已经不再是确认工具，因为net-tools已经被ip工具所代替，我们将会在别的文章中进行介绍，对于不熟悉或者不想熟悉ip命令的，目前仍然可以使用yum install net-tools来解决这个问题。

grub文件修正

修正/etc/sysconfig/grub文件, 在GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX的末尾追加net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

[root@host31 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/grub /etc/sysconfig/grub.bak
[root@host31 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/grub
[root@host31 ~]# diff /etc/sysconfig/grub /etc/sysconfig/grub.bak
6c6
< GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"
---
> GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet"
[root@host31 ~]#

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执行grub2-mkconfig

执行命令：grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

[root@host31 ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-54b1ac274dec4980aa1a41f4a54a3245
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-54b1ac274dec4980aa1a41f4a54a3245.img
done
[root@host31 ~]#

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生成ifcfg-eth0文件

修正对象文件

[root@host31 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@host31 network-scripts]# ls *eno*
ifcfg-eno16777736
[root@host31 network-scripts]# ls *eth0*
ls: cannot access *eth0*: No such file or directory
[root@host31 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16777736
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eno16777736"
UUID="dbcb97e7-da55-42f4-b3af-ed4e909320ba"
DEVICE="eno16777736"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR="192.168.32.131"
PREFIX="24"
GATEWAY="192.168.32.2"
DNS1="8.8.8.8"
DNS2="8.8.4.4"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_PRIVACY="no"
[root@host31 network-scripts]#

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修正NAME和DEVICE两个项目

[root@host31 network-scripts]# mv ifcfg-eno16777736 ifcfg-eth0
[root@host31 network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eth0
[root@host31 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eth0"
UUID="dbcb97e7-da55-42f4-b3af-ed4e909320ba"
DEVICE="eth0"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR="192.168.32.131"
PREFIX="24"
GATEWAY="192.168.32.2"
DNS1="8.8.8.8"
DNS2="8.8.4.4"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_PRIVACY="no"
[root@host31 network-scripts]#

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重启

命令：reboot

再确认

命令：ifconfig或者ip addr

[root@host31 ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.32.131  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.32.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe3e:8b29  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:3e:8b:29  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 40  bytes 5727 (5.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 53  bytes 9326 (9.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@host31 ~]#

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可以确认在重启之后，网络设备名称已经从eno16777736变成eth0了。