uwsgi+nginx部署django项目

# ocean_monitor.conf

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django_ocean_monitor {
    # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
    # for a web port socket (we‘ll use this first)
    server 127.0.0.1:8108;
}

# configuration of the server
server {
    # the port your site will be served on
    listen      8008;
    # the domain name it will serve for
    # substitute your machine‘s IP address or FQDN
    # Django 的 settings.py 文件中的 ALLOWED_HOSTS 要加上这里设置的 server_name
    server_name localhost;
    charset     utf-8;

    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1000;
    gzip_buffers 4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 3;
    gzip_vary on;
    # 禁用对 IE 6 使用 gzip 压缩
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
    gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss application/json;

    ## Individual nginx logs
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/ocean_monitor_access.log;
    error_log   /var/log/nginx/ocean_monitor_error.log;

    # max upload size
    client_max_body_size 8M;   # adjust to taste

    # Django media
    location /media  {
        # your Django project‘s media files - amend as required
        alias /home/python/ocean_monitor/media;  
    }

    location /static {
        # your Django project‘s static files - amend as required
        alias /home/python/ocean_monitor/static; 
    }

    # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
    location / {
        uwsgi_pass  django_ocean_monitor;
        # the uwsgi_params file you installed
        #  增加 nginx 配置， uwsgi_params 文件在 /etc/nginx/ 目录下
        include     /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; 
    }
}

本文主要给大家介绍关于Django中STATIC_ROOT和STATIC_URL及STATICFILES_DIRS的相关内容，分享出来供大家参考学习，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

详细如下：

首先,我们配置静态文件,要在setting.py里面加入如下几行代码:

settings.py    
# the settings above
# STATIC SETTINGS
STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘
# BASE_DIR 是项目的绝对地址
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘collect_static‘)
#以下不是必须的
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
 os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘common_static‘),
)

1.STATIC_ROOT

STATIC_ROOT 是在部署静态文件时(pyhtonmanage.pycollectstatic)所有的静态文静聚合的目录,STATIC_ROOT要写成绝对地址,在这里,比如我的项目mysite是/home/mysite/

那么STATIC_ROOT 为 /home/mysite/collect_static/

当部署项目时,在终端输入:
?
1
    
python manage.py collectstatic

django会把所有的static文件都复制到STATIC_ROOT文件夹下

2.STATICFILES_DIRS

STATIC_ROOT 是在部署的时候才发挥作用, 而实际情况下,静态文件的一般安放位置有两种:

1.一种就是在每个app里面新建一个static文件夹,将静态文件放到里面,在加载静态文件时,比如要在模板中用到静态文件,django会自动在每个app里面搜索static文件夹(所以,不要把文件夹的名字写错哦, 否则django就找不到你的文件夹了)

2.另一种,就是在所有的app文件外面,建立一个公共的文件夹, 因为有些静态文件不是某个app独有的,那么就可以把它放到一个公共文件夹里面,方便管理(注意,建立一个公共的静态文件的文件夹只是一种易于管理的做法,但是不是必须的,app是可以跨app应用静态文件的,因为最后所有的静态文件都会在STATIC_ROOT里面存在)

那现在的问题是如何让django知道你把一些静态文件放到app以外的公共文件夹中呢,那就需要配置STATICFILES_DIRS了
    
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
 os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘common_static‘),
)

STATICFILES_DIRS告诉django,首先到STATICFILES_DIRS里面寻找静态文件,其次再到各个app的static文件夹里面找(注意, django查找静态文件是惰性查找,查找到第一个,就停止查找了)

3.STATIC_URL

那么到此为止,静态文件的机制就可以运作了,但是有一个问题,我能不能通过url直接访问我在项目中的静态文件呢,答案肯定是啦,但是,注意,你是在浏览器是访问,你不可能输入你的静态文件的本地绝对地址吧,比如我的一种图片的本地地址

为 /home/mysite/common_static/myapp/photo.png

那么别人不可能在浏览器上直接输入:

http://192.168.1.2:8000/home/mysite/common_static/myapp/photo.png

这样子,浏览器会报错, 没有该页面

那么django是如何让浏览器也可以访问服务器上的静态文件呢,前面已经说了,直接访问服务器本地的地址是不行的,那就需要一个映射,django利用STATIC_URL来让浏览器可以直接访问静态文件,比如:
?
1
    
STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘

那么可以在浏览器上输入:

http://192.168.1.2:8000/static/common_static/myapp/photo.png

那么就相当与访问/home/mysite/common_static/myap/photo.png

所以在浏览器上,利用前缀 STATIC_URL的具体内容,来映射STATIC_ROOT,
HTTP://192.168.1.2:8000/static 相当于 本地地址的STATIC_ROOT

总结

以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流，谢谢大家对脚本之家的支持。

# uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir           = /home/python/ocean_monitor
# Django‘s wsgi file
wsgi-file       = /home/python/ocean_monitor/ocean_monitor/wsgi.py
# module       = index.wsgi:application
# the virtualenv (full path)
# home            = /path/to/virtualenv
daemonize   = /home/python/ocean_monitor/ocean_monitor.log
# process-related settings
# master
master          = true
pidfile     = /tmp/ocean_monitor_master.pid
# maximum number of worker processes
processes       = 3
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
# socket          = /home/python/ocean_monitor/ocean_monitor.sock
socket          = 127.0.0.1:8108
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket    = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum          = true

[gCloud@instance-1 notebook]$ ls -R
.:
collect_static  db.sqlite3  manage.py  notebook  planlist  templates  uwsgi.ini  uwsgi.log  uwsgi.pid

./collect_static:
admin

./collect_static/admin:
css  fonts  img  js

./collect_static/admin/css:
base.css  changelists.css  dashboard.css  fonts.css  forms.css  login.css  rtl.css  widgets.css

./collect_static/admin/fonts:
LICENSE.txt  README.txt  Roboto-Bold-webfont.woff  Roboto-Light-webfont.woff  Roboto-Regular-webfont.woff

./collect_static/admin/img:
calendar-icons.svg  icon-calendar.svg    icon-no.svg           inline-delete.svg  selector-icons.svg
gis                 icon-changelink.svg  icon-unknown-alt.svg  LICENSE            sorting-icons.svg
icon-addlink.svg    icon-clock.svg       icon-unknown.svg      README.txt         tooltag-add.svg
icon-alert.svg      icon-deletelink.svg  icon-yes.svg          search.svg         tooltag-arrowright.svg

./collect_static/admin/img/gis:
move_vertex_off.svg  move_vertex_on.svg

./collect_static/admin/js:
actions.js      cancel.js        core.js         popup_response.js    SelectBox.js      vendor
actions.min.js  change_form.js   inlines.js      prepopulate_init.js  SelectFilter2.js
admin           collapse.js      inlines.min.js  prepopulate.js       timeparse.js
calendar.js     collapse.min.js  jquery.init.js  prepopulate.min.js   urlify.js

./collect_static/admin/js/admin:
DateTimeShortcuts.js  RelatedObjectLookups.js

./collect_static/admin/js/vendor:
jquery  xregexp

./collect_static/admin/js/vendor/jquery:
jquery.js  jquery.min.js  LICENSE-JQUERY.txt

./collect_static/admin/js/vendor/xregexp:
LICENSE-XREGEXP.txt  xregexp.js  xregexp.min.js

./notebook:
__init__.py  nginx_access.log  notebook.conf  settings.py  wsgi.py
mime.types   nginx_error.log   __pycache__    urls.py

./notebook/__pycache__:
__init__.cpython-35.pyc  settings.cpython-35.pyc  urls.cpython-35.pyc  wsgi.cpython-35.pyc

./planlist:
admin.py  apps.py  __init__.py  migrations  models.py  __pycache__  tests.py  views.py

./planlist/migrations:
__init__.py  __pycache__

./planlist/migrations/__pycache__:
__init__.cpython-35.pyc

./planlist/__pycache__:
admin.cpython-35.pyc  apps.cpython-35.pyc  __init__.cpython-35.pyc  models.cpython-35.pyc  views.cpython-35.pyc

./templates:
index.html