Top
NSD ARCHITECTURE DAY07
- 案例1:Zookeeper安装
- 步骤一:安装Zookeeper
- 案例2:Kafka集群实验
- 案例3:Hadoop高可用
- 案例4:高可用验证
1 案例1:Zookeeper安装
1.1 问题
本案例要求:
- 搭建Zookeeper集群并查看各服务器的角色
- 停止Leader并查看各服务器的角色
1.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
2 步骤一:安装Zookeeper
1)编辑/etc/hosts ,所有集群主机可以相互 ping 通(在nn01上面配置,同步到node1,node2,node3)
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# vim /etc/hosts
- 192.168.1.21 nn01
- 192.168.1.22 node1
- 192.168.1.23 node2
- 192.168.1.24 node3
- 192.168.1.25 node4
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# for i in {22..24} \
- do \
- scp /etc/hosts 192.168.1.$i:/etc/ \
- done
- hosts 100% 253 639.2KB/s 00:00
- hosts 100% 253 497.7KB/s 00:00
- hosts 100% 253 662.2KB/s 00:00
2)安装 java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel,由于之前的hadoop上面已经安装过,这里不再安装,若是新机器要安装
3)zookeeper 解压拷贝到 /usr/local/zookeeper
- [root@nn01 ~]# tar -xf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
- [root@nn01 ~]# mv zookeeper-3.4.10 /usr/local/zookeeper
4)配置文件改名,并在最后添加配置
- [root@nn01 ~]# cd /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/
- [root@nn01 conf]# ls
- configuration.xsl log4j.properties zoo_sample.cfg
- [root@nn01 conf]# mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
- [root@nn01 conf]# chown root.root zoo.cfg
- [root@nn01 conf]# vim zoo.cfg
- server.1=node1:2888:3888
- server.2=node2:2888:3888
- server.3=node3:2888:3888
- server.4=nn01:2888:3888:observer
5)拷贝 /usr/local/zookeeper 到其他集群主机
- [root@nn01 conf]# for i in {22..24}; do rsync -aSH --delete /usr/local/zookeeper/ 192.168.1.$i:/usr/local/zookeeper -e ‘ssh‘ & done
- [4] 4956
- [5] 4957
- [6] 4958
6)创建 mkdir /tmp/zookeeper,每一台都要
- [root@nn01 conf]# mkdir /tmp/zookeeper
- [root@nn01 conf]# ssh node1 mkdir /tmp/zookeeper
- [root@nn01 conf]# ssh node2 mkdir /tmp/zookeeper
- [root@nn01 conf]# ssh node3 mkdir /tmp/zookeeper
7)创建 myid 文件,id 必须与配置文件里主机名对应的 server.(id) 一致
- [root@nn01 conf]# echo 4 >/tmp/zookeeper/myid
- [root@nn01 conf]# ssh node1 ‘echo 1 >/tmp/zookeeper/myid‘
- [root@nn01 conf]# ssh node2 ‘echo 2 >/tmp/zookeeper/myid‘
- [root@nn01 conf]# ssh node3 ‘echo 3 >/tmp/zookeeper/myid‘
8)启动服务,单启动一台无法查看状态,需要启动全部集群以后才能查看状态,每一台上面都要手工启动(以nn01为例子)
- [root@nn01 conf]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start
- ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
- Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
注意:刚启动zookeeper查看状态的时候报错,启动的数量要保证半数以上,这时再去看就成功了
9)查看状态
- [root@nn01 conf]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh status
- ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
- Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- Mode: observe
- [root@nn01 conf]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh stop
- ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
- Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
- Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
- [root@nn01 conf]# yum -y install telnet
- [root@nn01 conf]# telnet node3 2181
- Trying 192.168.1.24...
- Connected to node3.
- Escape character is ‘^]‘.
- ruok
- imokConnection closed by foreign host.
10)利用 api 查看状态(nn01上面操作)
- [root@nn01 conf]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start
- [root@nn01 conf]# vim api.sh
- #!/bin/bash
- function getstatus(){
- exec 9<>/dev/tcp/$1/2181 2>/dev/null
- echo stat >&9
- MODE=$(cat <&9 |grep -Po "(?<=Mode:).*")
- exec 9<&-
- echo ${MODE:-NULL}
- }
- for i in node{1..3} nn01;do
- echo -ne "${i}\t"
- getstatus ${i}
- done
- [root@nn01 conf]# chmod 755 api.sh
- [root@nn01 conf]# ./api.sh
- node1 follower
- node2 leader
- node3 follower
- nn01 observer
3 案例2:Kafka集群实验
3.1 问题
本案例要求:
- 利用Zookeeper搭建一个Kafka集群
- 创建一个topic
- 模拟生产者发布消息
- 模拟消费者接收消息
3.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:搭建Kafka集群
1)解压 kafka 压缩包
Kafka在node1,node2,node3上面操作即可
- [root@node1 ~]# tar -xf kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1.tgz
2)把 kafka 拷贝到 /usr/local/kafka 下面
- [root@node1 ~]# mv kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1 /usr/local/kafka
3)修改配置文件 /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties
- [root@node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/kafka/config
- [root@node1 config]# vim server.properties
- broker.id=22
- zookeeper.connect=node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181
4)拷贝 kafka 到其他主机,并修改 broker.id ,不能重复
- [root@node1 config]# for i in 23 24; do rsync -aSH --delete /usr/local/kafka 192.168.1.$i:/usr/local/; done
- [1] 27072
- [2] 27073
- [root@node2 ~]# vim /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties
- broker.id=23
- [root@node3 ~]# vim /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties
- broker.id=24
5)启动 kafka 集群(node1,node2,node3启动)
- [root@node1 local]# /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties
- [root@node1 local]# jps
- 26483 DataNode
- 27859 Jps
- 27833 Kafka
- 26895 QuorumPeerMain
6)验证配置,创建一个 topic
- [root@node1 local]# /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --partitions 1 --replication-factor 1 --zookeeper node3:2181 --topic aa
- Created topic "aa".
7) 模拟生产者,发布消息
- [root@node2 ~]# /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh \
- --broker-list node2:9092 --topic aa
- ccc
- ddd
9)模拟消费者,接收消息
- [root@node3 ~]# /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh \
- --bootstrap-server node1:9092 --topic aa
- ccc
- ddd
注意:kafka比较吃内存,做完这个kafka的实验可以把它停了
4 案例3:Hadoop高可用
4.1 问题
本案例要求:
4.2 方案
配置Hadoop的高可用,解决NameNode单点故障问题,使用之前搭建好的hadoop集群,新添加一台nn02,ip为192.168.1.25,之前有一台node4主机,可以用这台主机,具体要求如图-1所示:
图-1
4.3 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:hadoop的高可用
1)停止所有服务(由于 kafka的实验做完之后就已经停止,这里不在重复)
- [root@nn01 ~]# cd /usr/local/hadoop/
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# ./sbin/stop-all.sh
2)启动zookeeper(需要一台一台的启动)这里以nn01为例子
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# sh /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/api.sh
- node1 follower
- node2 leader
- node3 follower
- nn01 observer
3)新加一台机器nn02,这里之前有一台node4,可以用这个作为nn02
- [root@node4 ~]# echo nn02 > /etc/hostname
- [root@node4 ~]# hostname nn02
4)修改vim /etc/hosts
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# vim /etc/hosts
- 192.168.1.21 nn01
- 192.168.1.25 nn02
- 192.168.1.22 node1
- 192.168.1.23 node2
- 192.168.1.24 node3
5)同步到nn02,node1,node2,node3
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# for i in {22..25}; do rsync -aSH --delete /etc/hosts 192.168.1.$i:/etc/hosts -e ‘ssh‘ & done
- [1] 14355
- [2] 14356
- [3] 14357
- [4] 14358
6)配置SSH信任关系
注意:nn01和nn02互相连接不需要密码,nn02连接自己和node1,node2,node3同样不需要密码
- [root@nn02 ~]# vim /etc/ssh/ssh_config
- Host *
- GSSAPIAuthentication yes
- StrictHostKeyChecking no
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# cd /root/.ssh/
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# scp id_rsa id_rsa.pub nn02:/root/.ssh/
7)所有的主机删除/var/hadoop/*
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# rm -rf /var/hadoop/*
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# ssh nn02 rm -rf /var/hadoop/*
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# ssh node1 rm -rf /var/hadoop/*
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# ssh node2 rm -rf /var/hadoop/*
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# ssh node3 rm -rf /var/hadoop/*
8)配置 core-site
- [root@nn01 .ssh]# vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
- <value>hdfs:
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/var/hadoop</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
- <value>node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181</value> //zookeepe的地址
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.proxyuser.nfs.groups</name>
- <value>*</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.proxyuser.nfs.hosts</name>
- <value>*</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
9)配置 hdfs-site
- [root@nn01 ~]# vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
- <configuration>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.replication</name>
- <value>2</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
- <value>nsdcluster</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.nsdcluster</name>
- <value>nn1,nn2</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.nsdcluster.nn1</name>
- <value>nn01:8020</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.nsdcluster.nn2</name>
- <value>nn02:8020</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.nsdcluster.nn1</name>
- <value>nn01:50070</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.nsdcluster.nn2</name>
- <value>nn02:50070</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
- <value>qjournal:
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
- <value>/var/hadoop/journal</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.nsdcluster</name>
- <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name> //配置隔离机制为ssh
- <value>sshfence</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name> //指定密钥的位置
- <value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name> //开启自动故障转移
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
10)配置yarn-site
- [root@nn01 ~]# vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
- <configuration>
- <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
- <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name> //rm1,rm2代表nn01和nn02
- <value>rm1,rm2</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>
- <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
- <value>node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
- <value>yarn-ha</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
- <value>nn01</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
- <value>nn02</value>
- </property>
- </configuration>
11)同步到nn02,node1,node2,node3
- [root@nn01 ~]# for i in {22..25}; do rsync -aSH --delete /usr/local/hadoop/ 192.168.1.$i:/usr/local/hadoop -e ‘ssh‘ & done
- [1] 25411
- [2] 25412
- [3] 25413
- [4] 25414
12)删除所有机器上面的/user/local/hadoop/logs,方便排错
- [root@nn01 ~]# for i in {21..25}; do ssh 192.168.1.$i rm -rf /usr/local/hadoop/logs ; done
13)同步配置
- [root@nn01 ~]# for i in {22..25}; do rsync -aSH --delete /usr/local/hadoop 192.168.1.$i:/usr/local/hadoop -e ‘ssh‘ & done
- [1] 28235
- [2] 28236
- [3] 28237
- [4] 28238
5 案例4:高可用验证
5.1 问题
本案例要求:
5.2 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一:验证hadoop的高可用
1)初始化ZK集群
- [root@nn01 ~]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs zkfc -formatZK
- ...
- 18/09/11 15:43:35 INFO ha.ActiveStandbyElector: Successfully created /hadoop-ha/nsdcluster in ZK
- ...
2)在node1,node2,node3上面启动journalnode服务(以node1为例子)
- [root@node1 ~]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
- starting journalnode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-node1.out
- [root@node1 ~]# jps
- 29262 JournalNode
- 26895 QuorumPeerMain
- 29311 Jps
3)格式化,先在node1,node2,node3上面启动journalnode才能格式化
- [root@nn01 ~]# /usr/local/hadoop
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# ls /var/hadoop/
- dfs
4)nn02数据同步到本地 /var/hadoop/dfs
- [root@nn02 ~]# cd /var/hadoop/
- [root@nn02 hadoop]# ls
- [root@nn02 hadoop]# rsync -aSH nn01:/var/hadoop/ /var/hadoop/
- [root@nn02 hadoop]# ls
- dfs
5)初始化 JNS
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs namenode -initializeSharedEdits
- 18/09/11 16:26:15 INFO client.QuorumJournalManager: Successfully started new epoch 1
6)停止 journalnode 服务(node1,node2,node3)
- [root@node1 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop journalnode
- stopping journalnode
- [root@node1 hadoop]# jps
- 29346 Jps
- 26895 QuorumPeerMain
步骤二:启动集群
1)nn01上面操作
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh
- This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
- Starting namenodes on [nn01 nn02]
- nn01: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-nn01.out
- nn02: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-nn02.out
- node2: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-node2.out
- node3: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-node3.out
- node1: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-node1.out
- Starting journal nodes [node1 node2 node3]
- node1: starting journalnode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-node1.out
- node3: starting journalnode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-node3.out
- node2: starting journalnode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-journalnode-node2.out
- Starting ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [nn01 nn02]
- nn01: starting zkfc, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-zkfc-nn01.out
- nn02: starting zkfc, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-zkfc-nn02.out
- starting yarn daemons
- starting resourcemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-nn01.out
- node2: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-node2.out
- node1: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-node1.out
- node3: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-node3.out
2)nn02上面操作
- [root@nn02 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
- starting resourcemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-nn02.out
3)查看集群状态
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1
- active
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2
- standby
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1
- active
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm2
- standby
4)查看节点是否加入
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs dfsadmin -report
- ...
- Live datanodes (3):
- ...
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/yarn node -list
- Total Nodes:3
- Node-Id Node-State Node-Http-Address Number-of-Running-Containers
- node2:43307 RUNNING node2:8042 0
- node1:34606 RUNNING node1:8042 0
- node3:36749 RUNNING node3:8042 0
步骤三:访问集群
1)查看并创建
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop fs -ls /
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop fs -mkdir /aa
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop fs -ls /
- Found 1 items
- drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-09-11 16:54 /aa
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop fs -put *.txt /aa
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hadoop fs -ls hdfs:
- Found 3 items
- -rw-r--r-- 2 root supergroup 86424 2018-09-11 17:00 hdfs:
- -rw-r--r-- 2 root supergroup 14978 2018-09-11 17:00 hdfs:
- -rw-r--r-- 2 root supergroup 1366 2018-09-11 17:00 hdfs:
2)验证高可用,关闭 active namenode
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1
- active
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenode
- stopping namenode
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2
- active
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1
- active
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh stop resourcemanager
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm2
- active
3) 恢复节点
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1
- [root@nn01 hadoop]# /usr/local/hadoop/bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1