爬1 429

两个软件 
Anaconda  内置 Jupyter   编译器
Fiddler4     一个代理软件

案例1  获取整个页面   搜狗首页
import requests
url = ‘https://www.sogou.com/‘  # 1指定url
res = requests.get(url=url)     # 2 请求得到相应对象
# print(res.text)
page_text = res.text        # 3 text属性返回的是字符串形式的响应数据
with open(‘./sg.html‘,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:    #4 持久化数据
    f.write(page_text)

案例二   搜狗搜索的结果页面
# 搜索结果    UA检测认证 会报错 解决办法headers请求头里加User-Agent(浏览器标识)
import requests
url = ‘https://www.sogou.com/web‘
wd = input(‘你要搜啥:‘)
param = {
    ‘query‘:wd
}
res = requests.get(url=url,params=param)
# print(res.encoding)  # ISO-8859-1  查看响应的编码格式
res.encoding = ‘utf-8‘ # 编码格式改变
page_text = res.text
name = wd + ‘.html‘
with open(name,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
    f.write(page_text)
    print(name,‘爬取结束!‘)

案例二  更新 添加 请求头 User-Agent 键值对
import requests
url = ‘https://www.sogou.com/web‘
wd = input(‘你要搜啥:‘)
headers = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.81 Safari/537.36‘}
param = {
    ‘query‘:wd
}
res = requests.get(url=url,params=param,headers=headers)  # 参数,请求头 UA检测  反爬机制
# print(res.encoding)  # ISO-8859-1  查看响应的编码格式
res.encoding = ‘utf-8‘ # 编码格式改变
page_text = res.text
name = wd + ‘.html‘
with open(name,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
    f.write(page_text)
    print(name,‘爬取结束!‘)

案例3 
# 获取 百度翻译的结果数据 
# 页面中有可能存在动态加载的数据
import requests
url = ‘https://fanyi.baidu.com/sug‘
wd = input(‘enter a word: ‘)
data = {‘kw‘:wd}
headers = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.81 Safari/537.36‘}
res = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=headers) # post 请求
obj_json = res.json()  # json
for i in obj_json[‘data‘]:
    print(i[‘k‘],‘ ‘,i[‘v‘])

案例4
# 豆瓣电影详情数据
# 页面中有些情况会包含动态加载的数据  鼠标滚轮下滑 数据持续加载
import requests
url = ‘https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list‘
headers = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.81 Safari/537.36‘}
param = {
    "type": "5",
    "interval_id": "100:90",
    "action":"",
    "start": "0",
    "limit": "50",
}
obj_json = requests.get(url=url,params=param,headers=headers).json()  # get请求 params参数
# print(obj_json)
print(len(obj_json))

案例五
# 药监局 化妆品公司数据
import requests
post_url = ‘http://125.35.6.84:81/xk/itownet/portalAction.do?method=getXkzsList‘
headers = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.81 Safari/537.36‘}
all_data = []
IDs =[]
for page in range(1,3):    
    data = {
        "on": "true",
        "page": str(page),
        "pageSize": "15",
        "productName":"",
        "conditionType": "1",
        "applyname": "",
        "applysn": "",
    }
    # 首页ajax 请求返回的响应数据
    json_obj = requests.post(url=post_url,data=data,headers=headers).json()
    for dic in json_obj["list"]:
        IDs.append(dic[‘ID‘]) 
print(len(IDs))
for id in IDs:
    detail_post_url = ‘http://125.35.6.84:81/xk/itownet/portalAction.do?method=getXkzsById‘
    data = {‘id‘:id}
    detail_dic = requests.post(url=detail_post_url,data=data,headers=headers).json()
   
    all_data.append(detail_dic)
print(all_data[0])
print(len(all_data))