标签:qpi 消息 高效 scene wrap 开始 setw ted off
经过多方调查,用Qt实现气泡聊天窗口的方式有如下几个:
作为一名C++程序员,对CSS+html这套结构的不熟悉导致无法使用前两个方案,而第三个方案又不够高效,所以最终我选择了最后一个方案。
最终效果:
存在问题:无法选择文字及跨选(但理论上可以通过重写鼠标相关事件,达到模拟选择的效果)
左侧和右侧的消息分别是封装的两个Item,而这两个Item又从同一个基类继承而来。
气泡通过重写void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
函数,在里面根据文字的宽高计算气泡的位置并画上去,然后再把字写上去。
并且当窗口大小发生变化时,需要重新计算文字尺寸,进行绘制。
#pragma once
#include <QGraphicsRectItem>
//聊天元素所有item的基类
class ChatBaseItem : public QGraphicsRectItem
{
public:
ChatBaseItem();
virtual ~ChatBaseItem();
public:
virtual int Resize(int width); //传入值为viewport宽,返回值为item高
};
#include "chatbaseitem.h"
ChatBaseItem::ChatBaseItem()
: QGraphicsRectItem()
{
}
ChatBaseItem::~ChatBaseItem()
{
}
int ChatBaseItem::Resize(int width)
{
return 0;
}
左侧聊天气泡Item
#pragma once
#include "chatbaseitem.h"
#include <QDateTime>
class OtherMsgItem : public ChatBaseItem
{
public:
OtherMsgItem(QPixmap icon, QString name, QString msg, QDateTime datetime = QDateTime());
virtual ~OtherMsgItem();
virtual int Resize(int width); //返回整个item的高度
protected:
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
virtual QRectF boundingRect() const;
private:
QGraphicsPixmapItem icon_item_;
QGraphicsSimpleTextItem name_item_;
QString text_;
QSize text_size_; //文字尺寸
QDateTime datetime_;
};
#include <QPainter>
#include <QMargins>
#include <QTextOption>
#include "othermsgitem.h"
const int kMsgFontSize = 14;
const int kNameFontSize = 13;
const QPoint kNamePos = QPoint(64, 0);
const QPoint kIconPos = QPoint(20, 8);
const QPoint kBorderPos = QPoint(kNamePos.x(), kNamePos.y()+18);
const QMargins kMargins = QMargins(12,11,12,11); //文字距边框的距离
const QPoint kTextPos = QPoint(kBorderPos.x()+ kMargins.left(), kBorderPos.y() + kMargins.top());
const int kMarginRight = 40; //边框距窗口右侧的距离
OtherMsgItem::OtherMsgItem(QPixmap icon, QString name, QString msg, QDateTime datetime /*= QDateTime()*/)
: ChatBaseItem()
, datetime_(datetime)
{
icon_item_.setPixmap(icon);
icon_item_.setPos(kIconPos);
text_ = msg;
QFont font("Microsoft YaHei");
font.setPixelSize(kNameFontSize);
name_item_.setText(name);
name_item_.setPos(kNamePos);
name_item_.setFont(font);
name_item_.setBrush(QColor(153, 153, 153));
icon_item_.setParentItem(this);
name_item_.setParentItem(this);
}
OtherMsgItem::~OtherMsgItem()
{
}
int OtherMsgItem::Resize(int width)
{
//每行最大可容纳文字的宽度
int row_width = width - kTextPos.x() - kMarginRight-kMargins.right();
//计算文字总共需要多宽
QFont font("Microsoft YaHei");
font.setPixelSize(kMsgFontSize);
QFontMetrics font_matrics(font);
int text_total_width = font_matrics.width(text_);
int text_row_height = font_matrics.lineSpacing();
if(row_width<text_total_width)
{
int row = text_total_width / row_width;
++row;
int text_total_height = row* text_row_height;
text_size_.setWidth(row_width);
text_size_.setHeight(text_total_height);
}
else
{
text_size_.setWidth(text_total_width);
text_size_.setHeight(text_row_height);
}
return text_size_.height()+kMargins.top()+kMargins.bottom()+kBorderPos.y();
}
void OtherMsgItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
QSize rnd(17,17);
QRectF border(kBorderPos.x(), kBorderPos.y(), text_size_.width()+kMargins.left()+ kMargins.right(),text_size_.height() + kMargins.top() + kMargins.bottom());
//气泡加边
painter->setPen(QPen(QColor(229, 229, 229), 1, Qt::SolidLine));
painter->drawRoundedRect(border.x(), border.y(), border.width(), border.height(), rnd.width(), rnd.height());
//气泡
painter->setBrush(QBrush(Qt::white));
painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
painter->drawRoundedRect(border.x()+1, border.y()+1, border.width()-2, border.height()-2, rnd.width(), rnd.height());
//三角,用矩形实现
QRect rect1(border.x()+1, border.y()+1, 20, 20);
painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
painter->setBrush(QBrush(Qt::white));
painter->drawRect(rect1);
//三角加边
QPen pen;
pen.setColor(QColor(229, 229, 229));
painter->setPen(pen);
painter->drawLine(border.x() , border.y() , border.x() +20, border.y() );
painter->drawLine(border.x() , border.y() , border.x() , border.y() +20);
QPen penText;
penText.setColor(QColor(51, 51, 51));
painter->setPen(penText);
QTextOption option1(Qt::AlignLeft);
option1.setWrapMode(QTextOption::WrapAtWordBoundaryOrAnywhere);
QFont font("Microsoft YaHei");
font.setPixelSize(kMsgFontSize);
painter->setFont(font);
QRectF text_rect(kTextPos.x(), kTextPos.y(), text_size_.width(), text_size_.height());
painter->drawText(text_rect, text_, option1);
}
QRectF OtherMsgItem::boundingRect() const
{
QRectF border(kBorderPos.x(), kBorderPos.y(), text_size_.width() + kMargins.left() + kMargins.right(), text_size_.height() + kMargins.top() + kMargins.bottom());
return QRectF(0,0,border.width(),border.height());
}
右侧气泡和左侧气泡不同,计算位置时,左端点需要根据窗口宽度事实计算。
#pragma once
#include "chatbaseitem.h"
#include <QDateTime>
class SelfMsgItem : public ChatBaseItem
{
public:
SelfMsgItem(QPixmap icon, QString msg, QDateTime datetime = QDateTime());
virtual ~SelfMsgItem();
virtual int Resize(int width); //返回整个item的高度
protected:
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget);
virtual QRectF boundingRect() const;
private:
QGraphicsPixmapItem icon_item_;
QString text_;
QSize text_size_; //文字尺寸
QDateTime datetime_;
int port_width_;
};
#include <QPen>
#include <QPainter>
#include "selfmsgitem.h"
const int kMsgFontSize = 14;
const int kNameFontSize = 13;
const int kIconY = 0;
const int kBorderY = 10;
const int kIconWidth = 34;
const QMargins kIconMargins = QMargins(10,0,20,0);
const QMargins kMargins = QMargins(12, 11, 12, 11); //文字距边框的距离
const int kMarginLeft = 40; //边框距窗口左侧的距离
SelfMsgItem::SelfMsgItem(QPixmap icon, QString msg, QDateTime datetime /*= QDateTime()*/)
: ChatBaseItem()
, datetime_(datetime)
, text_(msg)
{
icon_item_.setPixmap(icon);
icon_item_.setY(kIconY);
icon_item_.setParentItem(this);
}
SelfMsgItem::~SelfMsgItem()
{
}
int SelfMsgItem::Resize(int width)
{
port_width_ = width;
//每行最大可容纳文字的宽度
int row_width = width - kMarginLeft - kMargins.left() - kMargins.right() - kIconWidth - kIconMargins.left() - kIconMargins.right();
//计算文字总共需要多宽
QFont font("Microsoft YaHei");
font.setPixelSize(kMsgFontSize);
QFontMetrics font_matrics(font);
int text_total_width = font_matrics.width(text_);
int text_row_height = font_matrics.lineSpacing();
if (row_width < text_total_width)
{
int row = text_total_width / row_width;
int text_total_height = (row+1)* text_row_height; //row从零开始,需要补加1
text_size_.setWidth(row_width);
text_size_.setHeight(text_total_height);
}
else
{
text_size_.setWidth(text_total_width);
text_size_.setHeight(text_row_height);
}
return text_size_.height() + kMargins.top() + kMargins.bottom() + kBorderY;
}
void SelfMsgItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
QSize rnd(17, 17);
//气泡聊天框左端点需要根据控件宽度计算
QRectF border(port_width_- kIconMargins.left()-kIconMargins.right()-kIconWidth-text_size_.width()-kMargins.left()-kMargins.right()
, kBorderY
, text_size_.width() + kMargins.left() + kMargins.right()
, text_size_.height() + kMargins.top() + kMargins.bottom());
icon_item_.setX(border.x()+ border.width() + 10);
//气泡
painter->setBrush(QBrush(QColor(149,182,57)));
painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
painter->drawRoundedRect(border.x(), border.y(), border.width(), border.height(), rnd.width(), rnd.height());
//三角,用矩形实现
QRect rect1(border.x() + border.width() - 20, border.y(), 20, 20);
painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
painter->setBrush(QBrush(QColor(149, 182, 57)));
painter->drawRect(rect1);
QPen penText;
penText.setColor(QColor(255, 255, 255));
painter->setPen(penText);
QTextOption option1(Qt::AlignLeft);
option1.setWrapMode(QTextOption::WrapAtWordBoundaryOrAnywhere);
QFont font("Microsoft YaHei");
font.setPixelSize(kMsgFontSize);
painter->setFont(font);
QRectF text_rect(border.x()+kMargins.left(), border.y() + kMargins.top(), text_size_.width(), text_size_.height());
painter->drawText(text_rect, text_, option1);
}
QRectF SelfMsgItem::boundingRect() const
{
QRectF border(port_width_ - kIconMargins.left() - kIconMargins.right() - kIconWidth - text_size_.width() - kMargins.left() - kMargins.right()
, kBorderY
, text_size_.width() + kMargins.left() + kMargins.right()
, text_size_.height() + kMargins.top() + kMargins.bottom());
return QRectF(0, 0, border.width(), border.height());
}
接下是view调用
#pragma once
#include <QGraphicsView>
#include <QDateTime>
#include <QMap>
class ChatBaseItem;
class ChatView : public QGraphicsView
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
ChatView(QWidget *parent);
~ChatView();
void Resize(int width);
void ClearAll();
void AppendSelfMessage(QPixmap icon, QString msg, QDateTime datetime);
void AppendOtherMessage(QPixmap icon,QString name, QString msg, QDateTime datetime);
protected:
virtual void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
private:
void CheckTime(QDateTime datetime); //检查是否需要插入时间,传入值为当前消息时间
void AppendTime(QDateTime datetime, QString time);
QMap<QDateTime, ChatBaseItem*> items_;
};
#include <QDebug>
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QScrollBar>
#include <QGraphicsScene>
#include "chatview.h"
#include "chatbaseitem.h"
#include "selfmsgitem.h"
#include "othermsgitem.h"
#include "chattimeitem.h"
#include "src/vapplication.h"
const int kMarkRole = Qt::UserRole;
const int kRoleOtherMsg = kMarkRole + 1;
const int kRoleSelfMsg = kRoleOtherMsg + 1;
const int kRoleTime = kRoleSelfMsg + 1;
ChatView::ChatView(QWidget *parent)
: QGraphicsView(parent)
{
setScene(new QGraphicsScene());
this->setAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft | Qt::AlignTop);
setStyleSheet("background: rgb(245,245,245) ;border:0px");
this->setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);
this->verticalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet(theStyleSheet["scrollbar"]);
}
ChatView::~ChatView()
{
ClearAll();
}
void ChatView::Resize(int width)
{
int height = 20;
for (ChatBaseItem* item : items_)
{
item->setPos(0, height);
height = height + item->Resize(width);
height += 20;
}
this->scene()->setSceneRect(QRectF(0, 0, width, height));
}
void ChatView::ClearAll()
{
for (auto it = items_.begin(); it != items_.end();)
{
ChatBaseItem* item = it.value();
it = items_.erase(it);
delete item;
}
}
void ChatView::AppendSelfMessage(QPixmap icon, QString msg, QDateTime datetime)
{
ChatBaseItem* item = new SelfMsgItem(icon, msg, datetime);
item->setData(kMarkRole,kRoleSelfMsg);
CheckTime(datetime);
scene()->addItem(item);
items_.insert(datetime, item);
Resize(this->viewport()->width());
update();
//滚动到底部
QScrollBar *vScrollBar = verticalScrollBar();
vScrollBar->setValue(vScrollBar->maximum());
}
void ChatView::AppendOtherMessage(QPixmap icon, QString name, QString msg, QDateTime datetime)
{
ChatBaseItem* item = new OtherMsgItem(icon, name, msg, datetime);
item->setData(kMarkRole, kRoleOtherMsg);
CheckTime(datetime);
scene()->addItem(item);
items_.insert(datetime, item);
Resize(this->viewport()->width());
update();
QScrollBar *vScrollBar = verticalScrollBar();
vScrollBar->setValue(vScrollBar->maximum());
}
void ChatView::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e)
{
//截获鼠标点击事件
}
void ChatView::CheckTime(QDateTime datetime)
{
if (items_.size() == 0|| datetime.secsTo(items_.lastKey())>60 * 5/*5分钟*/)
{
//第一条消息前插入时间
QDateTime dt = datetime.addMSecs(-1);
AppendTime(dt,dt.toString("hh:mm:ss"));
}
}
void ChatView::AppendTime(QDateTime datetime, QString time)
{
ChatBaseItem* item = new ChatTimeItem(time);
item->setData(kMarkRole, kRoleTime);
scene()->addItem(item);
items_.insert(datetime, item);
Resize(this->viewport()->width());
update();
}
在子类化Item时,一定要注意重写virtual QRectF boundingRect() const;
方法,返回实际item的尺寸,让scene知道,并且要加入const,不然当消息左上角超出窗口范围时,会出现无法触发paint的问题。
标签:qpi 消息 高效 scene wrap 开始 setw ted off
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/AlainGao/p/10912354.html