Solr集群（即SolrCloud）搭建与使用

时间：2019-09-15 10:52:40 阅读：121 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

标签：结构 you sof shm classes setting line 单位 shutdown

1、什么是SolrCloud
　　SolrCloud(solr 云)是Solr提供的分布式搜索方案，当你需要大规模，容错，分布式索引和检索能力时使用 SolrCloud。
当一个系统的索引数据量少的时候是不需要使用SolrCloud的，当索引量很大，搜索请求并发很高，这时需要使用SolrCloud来满足这些需求。SolrCloud是基于Solr和Zookeeper的分布式搜索方案，它的主要思想是使用Zookeeper作为集群的配置信息中心。
它有几个特色功能：
　　1）集中式的配置信息。
　　2）自动容错。
　　3）近实时搜索。
　　4）查询时自动负载均衡。
　　注意：一般使用zookeeper，就是将他当作一个注册中心使用。SolrCloud使用zookeeper是使用其的管理集群的，请求过来，先连接zookeeper，然后再看看分发到那台solr机器上面，决定了那台服务器进行搜索的，对Solr配置文件进行集中管理。

2、zookeeper是个什么玩意？
　　顾名思义zookeeper就是动物园管理员，他是用来管hadoop（大象）、Hive(蜜蜂)、pig(小猪)的管理员， Apache Hbase和 Apache Solr 的分布式集群都用到了zookeeper；Zookeeper:是一个分布式的、开源的程序协调服务，是hadoop项目下的一个子项目。

3、SolrCloud结构
SolrCloud为了降低单机的处理压力，需要由多台服务器共同来完成索引和搜索任务。实现的思路是将索引数据进行Shard（分片）拆分，每个分片由多台的服务器共同完成，当一个索引或搜索请求过来时会分别从不同的Shard的服务器中操作索引。
SolrCloud需要Solr基于Zookeeper部署，Zookeeper是一个集群管理软件，由于SolrCloud需要由多台服务器组成，由zookeeper来进行协调管理。
　　下图是一个SolrCloud应用的例子：
技术图片

对上图进行图解，如下图所示：

 1 1）、物理结构
 2     三个Solr实例（ 每个实例包括两个Core），组成一个SolrCloud。
 3 2）、逻辑结构
 4     索引集合包括两个Shard（shard1和shard2），shard1和shard2分别由三个Core组成，其中一个Leader两个Replication，Leader是由zookeeper选举产生，zookeeper控制每个shard上三个Core的索引数据一致，解决高可用问题。
 5 用户发起索引请求分别从shard1和shard2上获取，解决高并发问题。
 6     a、collection
 7         Collection在SolrCloud集群中是一个逻辑意义上的完整的索引结构。它常常被划分为一个或多个Shard（分片），它们使用相同的配置信息。
 8         比如：针对商品信息搜索可以创建一个collection。
 9         collection=shard1+shard2+....+shardX
10     b、Core
11         每个Core是Solr中一个独立运行单位，提供 索引和搜索服务。一个shard需要由一个Core或多个Core组成。由于collection由多个shard组成所以collection一般由多个core组成。
12     c、Master或Slave
13         Master是master-slave结构中的主结点（通常说主服务器），Slave是master-slave结构中的从结点（通常说从服务器或备服务器）。同一个Shard下master和slave存储的数据是一致的，这是为了达到高可用目的。
14     d、Shard
15         Collection的逻辑分片。每个Shard被化成一个或者多个replication，通过选举确定哪个是Leader。
16 注意：collection就是一个完整的索引库，分片存储，有两片，两片的内容不一样的。一片存储在三个节点，一主两从，他们之间的内容就是一样的。

如下图所示：
技术图片

4、SolrCloud搭建
本教程的这套安装是单机版的安装，所以采用伪集群的方式进行安装，如果是真正的生成环境，将伪集群的ip改下就可以了，步骤是一样的。
SolrCloud结构图如下：

技术图片

环境准备，请安装好自己的jdk。

注意，我搭建的是伪集群，一个虚拟机，分配了1G内存，然后搭建的集群。

5、zookeeper集群安装。
第一步：解压zookeeper，tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz将zookeeper-3.4.6拷贝到/usr/local/solr-cloud下，复制三份分别并将目录名改为zookeeper1、zookeeper2、zookeeper3。

 1 # 首先将zookeeper进行解压缩操作。
 2 [root@localhost package]# tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/soft/
 3 # 然后创建一个solr-cloud目录。
 4 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
 5 [root@localhost local]# ls
 6 bin  etc  games  include  lib  libexec  sbin  share  solr  src
 7 [root@localhost local]# mkdir solr-cloud
 8 [root@localhost local]# ls
 9 bin  etc  games  include  lib  libexec  sbin  share  solr  solr-cloud  src
10 [root@localhost local]# 
11 # 复制三份分别并将目录名改为zookeeper1、zookeeper2、zookeeper3。
12 [root@localhost soft]# cp -r zookeeper-3.4.6/ /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1
13 [root@localhost soft]# cd /usr/local/solr-cloud/
14 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
15 zookeeper1
16 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r zookeeper1/ zookeeper2
17 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r zookeeper1/ zookeeper3

第二步：进入zookeeper1文件夹，创建data目录。并在data目录中创建一个myid文件内容为"1"（echo 1 >> data/myid）。

 1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
 2 zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
 3 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cd zookeeper1
 4 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# ls
 5 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib     docs             ivy.xml  LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
 6 build.xml  conf         dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib      NOTICE.txt   README.txt            src      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
 7 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# mkdir data
 8 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# cd data/
 9 [root@localhost data]# ls
10 [root@localhost data]# echo 1 >> myid
11 [root@localhost data]# cat myid

第三步：进入conf文件夹，把zoo_sample.cfg改名为zoo.cfg。

 1 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# ls
 2 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib  dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib          NOTICE.txt            README.txt  src                  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
 3 build.xml  conf         data     docs        ivy.xml          LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes     zookeeper-3.4.6.jar  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
 4 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# cd conf/
 5 [root@localhost conf]# ls
 6 configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo_sample.cfg
 7 [root@localhost conf]# mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg 
 8 [root@localhost conf]# ls
 9 configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo.cfg
10 [root@localhost conf]#

第四步：修改zoo.cfg。
修改：dataDir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/data
注意：clientPort=2181（zookeeper2中为2182、zookeeper3中为2183）
可以在末尾添加这三项配置（注意：2881和3881分别是zookeeper之间通信的端口号、zookeeper之间选举使用的端口号。2181是客户端连接的端口号，别搞错了哦）：
server.1=192.168.110.142:2881:3881
server.2=192.168.110.142:2882:3882
server.3=192.168.110.142:2883:3883

技术图片

第五步：对zookeeper2、zookeeper3中的设置做第二步至第四步修改。
zookeeper2修改如下所示：
a）、myid内容为2
b）、dataDir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/data
c）、clientPort=2182
Zookeeper3修改如下所示：
a）、myid内容为3
b）、dataDir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/data
c）、clientPort=2183

 1 [root@localhost conf]# cd ../../zookeeper2
 2 [root@localhost zookeeper2]# ls
 3 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib     docs             ivy.xml  LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
 4 build.xml  conf         dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib      NOTICE.txt   README.txt            src      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
 5 [root@localhost zookeeper2]# mkdir data
 6 [root@localhost zookeeper2]# cd data/
 7 [root@localhost data]# ls
 8 [root@localhost data]# echo 2 >> myid
 9 [root@localhost data]# ls
10 myid
11 [root@localhost data]# cat myid 
12 2
13 [root@localhost data]# ls
14 myid
15 [root@localhost data]# cd ..
16 [root@localhost zookeeper2]# ls
17 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib  dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib          NOTICE.txt            README.txt  src                  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
18 build.xml  conf         data     docs        ivy.xml          LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes     zookeeper-3.4.6.jar  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
19 [root@localhost zookeeper2]# cd conf/
20 [root@localhost conf]# ls
21 configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo_sample.cfg
22 [root@localhost conf]# mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg 
23 [root@localhost conf]# ls
24 configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo.cfg
25 [root@localhost conf]# vim zoo.cfg 
26 [root@localhost conf]# cd ../..
27 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
28 zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
29 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cd zookeeper3
30 [root@localhost zookeeper3]# ls
31 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib     docs             ivy.xml  LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
32 build.xml  conf         dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib      NOTICE.txt   README.txt            src      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
33 [root@localhost zookeeper3]# mkdir data
34 [root@localhost zookeeper3]# ls
35 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib  dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib          NOTICE.txt            README.txt  src                  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
36 build.xml  conf         data     docs        ivy.xml          LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes     zookeeper-3.4.6.jar  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
37 [root@localhost zookeeper3]# cd data/
38 [root@localhost data]# ls
39 [root@localhost data]# echo 3 >> myid
40 [root@localhost data]# ls
41 myid
42 [root@localhost data]# cd ../..
43 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
44 zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
45 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cd zookeeper3
46 [root@localhost zookeeper3]# ls
47 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib  dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib          NOTICE.txt            README.txt  src                  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
48 build.xml  conf         data     docs        ivy.xml          LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes     zookeeper-3.4.6.jar  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
49 [root@localhost zookeeper3]# cd conf/
50 [root@localhost conf]# ls
51 configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo_sample.cfg
52 [root@localhost conf]# mv zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg 
53 [root@localhost conf]# ls
54 configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo.cfg
55 [root@localhost conf]# vim zoo.cfg 
56 [root@localhost conf]#

第六步：启动三个zookeeper。
/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/zkServer.sh start
/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/bin/zkServer.sh start
/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/bin/zkServer.sh start
查看集群状态：
/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/bin/zkServer.sh status

 1 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/zkServer.sh start
 2 JMX enabled by default
 3 Using config: /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
 4 Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
 5 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/bin/zkServer.sh start
 6 JMX enabled by default
 7 Using config: /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
 8 Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
 9 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/bin/zkServer.sh start
10 JMX enabled by default
11 Using config: /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
12 Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
13 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/zkServer.sh status
14 JMX enabled by default
15 Using config: /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
16 Mode: follower
17 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/bin/zkServer.sh status
18 JMX enabled by default
19 Using config: /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper2/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
20 Mode: leader
21 [root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/bin/zkServer.sh status
22 JMX enabled by default
23 Using config: /usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper3/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
24 Mode: follower
25 [root@localhost ~]#

第七步：开启zookeeper用到的端口，或者直接关闭防火墙。
service iptables stop

可以编写简单的启动脚本，如下所示：

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim start-zookeeper.sh
2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# chmod u+x start-zookeeper.sh 
3 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ll
4 total 16
5 -rwxr--r--.  1 root root  133 Sep 13 18:32 start-zookeeper.sh
6 drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 Sep 13 02:13 zookeeper1
7 drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 Sep 13 02:35 zookeeper2
8 drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 Sep 13 02:37 zookeeper3
9 [root@localhost solr-cloud]#

技术图片

查看启动状态的脚本信息如下所示：

技术图片

6、tomcat安装。（注意：solrCloud部署依赖zookeeper，需要先启动每一台zookeeper服务器。）

注意：使用之前搭建好的solr单机版，这里为了节省时间，直接拷贝之前的solr单机版，然后修改配置文件即可。
https://www.cnblogs.com/biehongli/p/11443347.html

第一步：将apache-tomcat-7.0.47.tar.gz解压，tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.47.tar.gz。

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.47.tar.gz

第二步：把解压后的tomcat复制到/usr/local/solr-cloud/目录下复制四份。
/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat1
/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat2
/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat3
/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat4

1 [root@localhost package]# cp -r apache-tomcat-7.0.47 /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01
2 [root@localhost package]# cp -r apache-tomcat-7.0.47 /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02
3 [root@localhost package]# cp -r apache-tomcat-7.0.47 /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03
4 [root@localhost package]# cp -r apache-tomcat-7.0.47 /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04
5 [root@localhost package]# cd /usr/local/solr-cloud/
6 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
7 start-zookeeper.sh  status-zookeeper.sh  stop-zookeeper.sh  tomcat01  tomcat02  tomcat03  tomcat04  zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
8 [root@localhost solr-cloud]#

第三步：修改tomcat的server.xml，把其中的端口后都加一。保证两个tomcat可以正常运行不发生端口冲突。

[root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat01/conf/server.xml
[root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat02/conf/server.xml
[root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat03/conf/server.xml
[root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat04/conf/server.xml

tomcat01修改的端口分别是8005修改为8105，8080修改为8180，8009修改为8189。其他tomcat第二位依次累加1即可。

  1 <?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?>
  2 <!--
  3   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  4   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  5   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  6   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  7   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  8   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  9 
 10       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 11 
 12   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 13   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 14   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 15   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 16   limitations under the License.
 17 -->
 18 <!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
 19      define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
 20      Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 21  -->
 22 <Server port="8105" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
 23   <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
 24   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
 25   -->
 26   <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
 27   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
 28   <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
 29   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
 30   <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
 31   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
 32   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
 33   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
 34 
 35   <!-- Global JNDI resources
 36        Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
 37   -->
 38   <GlobalNamingResources>
 39     <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
 40          UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
 41     -->
 42     <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
 43               type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
 44               description="User database that can be updated and saved"
 45               factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
 46               pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
 47   </GlobalNamingResources>
 48 
 49   <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
 50        a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
 51        so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
 52        Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
 53    -->
 54   <Service name="Catalina">
 55 
 56     <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
 57     <!--
 58     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
 59         maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
 60     -->
 61 
 62 
 63     <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
 64          and responses are returned. Documentation at :
 65          Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)
 66          Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
 67          APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
 68          Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
 69     -->
 70     <Connector port="8180" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
 71                connectionTimeout="20000"
 72                redirectPort="8443" />
 73     <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
 74     <!--
 75     <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
 76                port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
 77                connectionTimeout="20000"
 78                redirectPort="8443" />
 79     -->
 80     <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
 81          This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the
 82          connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration
 83          described in the APR documentation -->
 84     <!--
 85     <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"
 86                maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"
 87                clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
 88     -->
 89 
 90     <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
 91     <Connector port="8109" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
 92 
 93 
 94     <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
 95          every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
 96          analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
 97          on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
 98          Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->
 99 
100     <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
101     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
102     -->
103     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
104 
105       <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
106           /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
107           /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
108       <!--
109       <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
110       -->
111 
112       <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
113            via a brute-force attack -->
114       <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
115         <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
116              resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
117              that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
118              available for use by the Realm.  -->
119         <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
120                resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
121       </Realm>
122 
123       <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
124             unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
125 
126         <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
127              Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
128         <!--
129         <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
130         -->
131 
132         <!-- Access log processes all example.
133              Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
134              Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
135         <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
136                prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
137                pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
138 
139       </Host>
140     </Engine>
141   </Service>
142 </Server>

tomcat01修改的端口分别是8005修改为8105，8080修改为8180，8009修改为8189。其他tomcat第二位依次累加1即可。
7、开始部署solr。将之前的solr部署到四台tomcat下面。

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/tomcat/webapps/solr-4.10.3 tomcat01/webapps/
2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/tomcat/webapps/solr-4.10.3 tomcat02/webapps/
3 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/tomcat/webapps/solr-4.10.3 tomcat03/webapps/
4 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/tomcat/webapps/solr-4.10.3 tomcat04/webapps/

然后将单机版的solrhome复制四份，分别是solrhome01，solrhome02，solrhome03，solrhome04。

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/solrhome/ solrhome01
2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/solrhome/ solrhome02
3 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/solrhome/ solrhome03
4 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cp -r ../solr/solrhome/ solrhome04
5 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
6 solrhome01  solrhome02  solrhome03  solrhome04  start-zookeeper.sh  status-zookeeper.sh  stop-zookeeper.sh  tomcat01  tomcat02  tomcat03  tomcat04  zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
7 [root@localhost solr-cloud]#

然后开始编辑solrhome01，solrhome02，solrhome03，solrhome04。下面的solr.xml配置文件（修改每个solrhome的solr.xml文件）。让tomcat01和solrhome01对应上，其他依次类推，让tomcat02和solrhome02对应上，让tomcat03和solrhome03对应上，让tomcat04和solrhome04对应上。

技术图片

然后将solr和solrhome之间建立关系。

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat01/webapps/solr-4.10.3/WEB-INF/web.xml
2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat02/webapps/solr-4.10.3/WEB-INF/web.xml
3 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat03/webapps/solr-4.10.3/WEB-INF/web.xml
4 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat04/webapps/solr-4.10.3/WEB-INF/web.xml

如下图所示：

技术图片

然后将tomcat和zookeeper建立关系。每一台solr和zookeeper关联。

修改每一个tomcat的bin目录下catalina.sh文件中加入DzkHost指定zookeeper服务器地址： JAVA_OPTS="-DzkHost=192.168.110.142:2181,192.168.110.142:2182,192.168.110.142:2183"

注意：可以使用vim的查找功能查找到JAVA_OPTS的定义的位置，然后添加。

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat01/bin/catalina.sh
2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat02/bin/catalina.sh
3 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat03/bin/catalina.sh
4 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim tomcat04/bin/catalina.sh

技术图片

现在，每个部署在tomcat下面的solr都有自己的独立的solrhome。在solr集群环境下， solrhome下面的配置文件应该只有一份，所以这里将配置文件上传到zookeeper，让zookeeper进行管理配置文件。将solrhome下面的conf目录上传到zookeeper。使用solr自带的工具执行，将cong目录上传到zookeeper。

注意：由于zookeeper统一管理solr的配置文件（主要是schema.xml、solrconfig.xml）， solrCloud各各节点使用zookeeper管理的配置文件。./zkcli.sh此命令在solr-4.10.3/example/scripts/cloud-scripts/目录下。

 1 [root@localhost solrhome01]# cd /home/hadoop/soft/
 2 [root@localhost soft]# ls
 3 apache-tomcat-7.0.47  jdk1.7.0_55  solr-4.10.3  zookeeper-3.4.6
 4 [root@localhost soft]# cd solr-4.10.3/
 5 [root@localhost solr-4.10.3]# ls
 6 bin  CHANGES.txt  contrib  dist  docs  example  licenses  LICENSE.txt  LUCENE_CHANGES.txt  NOTICE.txt  README.txt  SYSTEM_REQUIREMENTS.txt
 7 [root@localhost solr-4.10.3]# cd example/
 8 [root@localhost example]# ls
 9 contexts  etc  example-DIH  exampledocs  example-schemaless  lib  logs  multicore  README.txt  resources  scripts  solr  solr-webapp  start.jar  webapps
10 [root@localhost example]# cd scripts/
11 [root@localhost scripts]# ls
12 cloud-scripts  map-reduce
13 [root@localhost scripts]# cd cloud-scripts/
14 [root@localhost cloud-scripts]# ls
15 log4j.properties  zkcli.bat  zkcli.sh
16 [root@localhost cloud-scripts]# ./zkcli.sh -zkhost 192.168.110.142:2181,192.168.110.142:2182,192.168.110.142:2183 -cmd upconfig -confdir /usr/local/solr-cloud/solrhome01/collection1/conf -confname myconf

然后登陆zookeeper服务器查询配置文件，查看是否上传成功。上传成功以后所有节点共用这一份配置文件的。

 1 [root@localhost cloud-scripts]# cd /usr/local/solr-cloud/
 2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
 3 solrhome01  solrhome02  solrhome03  solrhome04  start-zookeeper.sh  status-zookeeper.sh  stop-zookeeper.sh  tomcat01  tomcat02  tomcat03  tomcat04  zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
 4 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# cd zookeeper1/
 5 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# ls
 6 bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib  dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib          NOTICE.txt            README.txt  src                  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
 7 build.xml  conf         data     docs        ivy.xml          LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes     zookeeper-3.4.6.jar  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5  zookeeper.out
 8 [root@localhost zookeeper1]# cd bin/
 9 [root@localhost bin]# ls
10 README.txt  zkCleanup.sh  zkCli.cmd  zkCli.sh  zkEnv.cmd  zkEnv.sh  zkServer.cmd  zkServer.sh
11 [root@localhost bin]# ./zkCli.sh 
12 Connecting to localhost:2181
13 2019-09-13 20:06:46,748 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT
14 2019-09-13 20:06:46,756 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=localhost
15 2019-09-13 20:06:46,757 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.7.0_55
16 2019-09-13 20:06:46,776 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
17 2019-09-13 20:06:46,776 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55/jre
18 2019-09-13 20:06:46,776 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../build/classes:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../lib/netty-3.7.0.Final.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin/../conf:
19 2019-09-13 20:06:46,776 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
20 2019-09-13 20:06:46,777 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
21 2019-09-13 20:06:46,782 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>
22 2019-09-13 20:06:46,783 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux
23 2019-09-13 20:06:46,798 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=i386
24 2019-09-13 20:06:46,798 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=2.6.32-358.el6.i686
25 2019-09-13 20:06:46,798 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=root
26 2019-09-13 20:06:46,798 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/root
27 2019-09-13 20:06:46,798 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/zookeeper1/bin
28 2019-09-13 20:06:46,803 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=localhost:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@932892
29 Welcome to ZooKeeper!
30 2019-09-13 20:06:46,983 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(localhost:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket connection to server localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
31 JLine support is enabled
32 2019-09-13 20:06:47,071 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(localhost:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket connection established to localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:2181, initiating session
33 2019-09-13 20:06:47,163 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(localhost:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete on server localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:2181, sessionid = 0x16d2d6bfd280001, negotiated timeout = 30000
34 
35 WATCHER::
36 
37 WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
38 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
39 [configs, zookeeper]
40 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /configs
41 [myconf]
42 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /configs/myconf
43 [admin-extra.menu-top.html, currency.xml, protwords.txt, mapping-FoldToASCII.txt, _schema_analysis_synonyms_english.json, _rest_managed.json, solrconfig.xml, _schema_analysis_stopwords_english.json, stopwords.txt, lang, spellings.txt, mapping-ISOLatin1Accent.txt, admin-extra.html, xslt, scripts.conf, synonyms.txt, update-script.js, velocity, elevate.xml, admin-extra.menu-bottom.html, schema.xml, clustering]

然后将所有的tomcat启动即可。然后也写一个批处理启动tomcat的脚本。

1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# vim start-tomcat.sh
2 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ls
3 solrhome01  solrhome02  solrhome03  solrhome04  start-tomcat.sh  start-zookeeper.sh  status-zookeeper.sh  stop-zookeeper.sh  tomcat01  tomcat02  tomcat03  tomcat04  zookeeper1  zookeeper2  zookeeper3
4 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# chmod u+x start-tomcat.sh 
5 [root@localhost solr-cloud]#

如下图所示：
技术图片

然后启动你的脚本文件：

 1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ./start-tomcat.sh 
 2 Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01
 3 Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01
 4 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/temp
 5 Using JRE_HOME:        /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55
 6 Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
 7 Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02
 8 Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02
 9 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/temp
10 Using JRE_HOME:        /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55
11 Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
12 Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03
13 Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03
14 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/temp
15 Using JRE_HOME:        /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55
16 Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
17 Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04
18 Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04
19 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/temp
20 Using JRE_HOME:        /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55
21 Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

然后查看启动的状况，如下所示：

 1 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# jps
 2 3628 Bootstrap
 3 3641 Bootstrap
 4 3714 Jps
 5 3026 QuorumPeerMain
 6 3058 QuorumPeerMain
 7 2999 QuorumPeerMain
 8 3618 Bootstrap
 9 3654 Bootstrap
10 [root@localhost solr-cloud]# ps -aux | grep tomcat
11 Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus ‘-‘? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ
12 root      3618 14.3 10.0 403096 104072 pts/0   Sl   20:18   0:14 /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -DzkHost=192.168.110.142:2181,192.168.110.142:2182,192.168.110.142:2183 -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat01/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
13 root      3628 14.3 10.2 403652 105664 pts/0   Sl   20:18   0:14 /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -DzkHost=192.168.110.142:2181,192.168.110.142:2182,192.168.110.142:2183 -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat02/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
14 root      3641 14.5 10.4 406084 107252 pts/0   Sl   20:18   0:14 /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -DzkHost=192.168.110.142:2181,192.168.110.142:2182,192.168.110.142:2183 -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat03/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
15 root      3654 14.8 10.6 405740 109760 pts/0   Sl   20:18   0:14 /home/hadoop/soft/jdk1.7.0_55/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -DzkHost=192.168.110.142:2181,192.168.110.142:2182,192.168.110.142:2183 -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/solr-cloud/tomcat04/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
16 root      3808  0.0  0.0   4356   732 pts/0    S+   20:20   0:00 grep tomcat
17 [root@localhost solr-cloud]#