标签：ima slave 获得 邮件超时 lov mail comm real 通信
3个CentOS 7 虚拟机
3个Nginx实例
| centos-100 | centos-101 | centos-102 |
|---|---|---|
| 192.168.200.100 | 192.168.200.101 | 192.168.200.102 |
设置keepalived虚拟ip为192.168.200.99
$ cd /usr/java/nginx/html/
$ vi index.html
分别在首页上加上各主机ip，能在网页上访问，以便于后面测试ip
$ mkdir -p /usr/java && cd /usr/java
$ wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.0.13.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf keepalived-2.0.13.tar.gz
$ cd keepalived-2.0.13
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/java/keepalived --sysconf=/etc
$ make && make install
$ cp /usr/java/keepalived-2.0.13/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d
不要执行：$ cp /usr/java/keepalived-2.0.13/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/Keepalived 开机启动问题
$ ln -s /usr/java/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/keepalived
$ ln -s /etc/keepalived /usr/java/keepalived/conf
$ chkconfig --add keepalived
$ chkconfig --level 2345 keepalived on
$ service keepalived start
防火墙对 keepalived 开放
firewall-cmd --direct --permanent --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT 0 --in-interface eno16777736 --destination 224.0.0.18 --protocol vrrp -j ACCEPT;
firewall-cmd --reload;
$ cd /etc/keepalived/
$ cp keepalived.conf{,.bak}
$ vi keepalived.conf
主机配置：
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_script check_nginx_alive {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx_alive.sh" #检测nginx心跳，当nginx挂掉，kill掉keepalived,这样从机的keepalived服务就可以被调用
interval 2 #2秒一次,主备一致
weight -10 #权重-10，减的是keepalived的权重，当master的权重-20后，master权重小于slave，从而vip漂移到slave，（脚本里把master的keepalived kill了
}
global_defs { #全局部分设置
notification_email { #可以添加邮件提醒
#acassen@firewall.loc #主从切换时发送邮件通知，这里是收件人地址
#failover@firewall.loc
#sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
#notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc #发件人地址
#smtp_server 192.168.200.1 #邮件服务器地址
#smtp_connect_timeout 30 #发送邮件超时时间
router_id LVS_DEVEL_100 #必须全局唯一，主备不同
#vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
#vrrp_strict
#vrrp_garp_interval 0
#vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {#实例名称随便取
state MASTER #指定keepalived的角色，MASTER为主，BACKUP为备
interface eno16777736 #绑定VIP的网卡，需要和公网正常通信
virtual_router_id 51 #master和slave必须一样
priority 102 #权重级别，大的为master
advert_int 1 #主备机之间通信间隔，单位秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS #主从keepalived进行安全认证的方式，PASS或者AH方式，推荐PASS
auth_pass 1111 #主从密码要一样
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.200.99 #vip地址，使用这个地址替换了主从的地址，用这个访问。VIP地址最多可以写20个，keepalive启动后会自动配置该处VIP
}
track_script {
check_nginx_alive #调用脚本，vrrp_script后面的名称,不是脚本的名称
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.200.99 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
#persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.200.100 80 { #实际服务器，这个nginx宕掉，马上切换成备机的nginx
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
备机配置：
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_script check_nginx_alive {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx_alive.sh" #检测nginx心跳，当nginx挂掉，kill掉keepalived,这样从机的keepalived服务就可以被调用
interval 2 #2秒一次,主备一致
weight -10 #权重-10，减的是keepalived的权重，当master的权重-20后，master权重小于slave，从而vip漂移到slave，（脚本里把master的keepalived kill了
}
global_defs { #全局部分设置
notification_email { #可以添加邮件提醒
#acassen@firewall.loc #主从切换时发送邮件通知，这里是收件人地址
#failover@firewall.loc
#sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
#notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc #发件人地址
#smtp_server 192.168.200.1 #邮件服务器地址
#smtp_connect_timeout 30 #发送邮件超时时间
router_id LVS_DEVEL_101 #必须全局唯一，主备不同
#vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
#vrrp_strict
#vrrp_garp_interval 0
#vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {#实例名称随便取
state BACKUP #指定keepalived的角色，MASTER为主，BACKUP为备
interface eno16777736 #绑定VIP的网卡，需要和公网正常通信
virtual_router_id 51 #master和slave必须一样
priority 101 #权重级别，大的为master
advert_int 1 #主备机之间通信间隔，单位秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS #主从keepalived进行安全认证的方式，PASS或者AH方式，推荐PASS
auth_pass 1111 #主从密码要一样
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.200.99 #vip地址，使用这个地址替换了主从的地址，用这个访问。VIP地址最多可以写20个，keepalive启动后会自动配置该处VIP
}
track_script {
check_nginx_alive #调用脚本，vrrp_script后面的名称,不是脚本的名称
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.200.99 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
#persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.200.101 80 { #实际服务器，这个nginx宕掉，马上切换成备机的nginx
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 80
}
}
}
以上主节点的配置， 从节点backup配置和主节点一样，只是state要改成backup, priority 值要比master小点即可，router_id，real_server 。
创建检测脚本：$ vi /etc/keepalived/check_nginx_alive.sh
#!/bin/bash
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]
then
service keepalived stop
service nginx start
sleep 5
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v grep )" != "" ]
then
service keepalived start
fi
fi
$ chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx_alive.sh
$ service nginx restart && service keepalived restart
$ ip addr
网卡eno16777736 已经绑定 192.168.200.99
这时就能用192.168.200.99这个虚拟ip访问了，这时访问的是主机centos-100
kill掉主机的nginx$ service nginx stop
再访问192.168.200.99，已经跳到centos-101主机了
如果发现有错误的话可以查看系统日志，$ tail -f /var/log/messages
keepalived的HA分为抢占模式和非抢占模式，抢占模式即MASTER从故障中恢复后，会将VIP从BACKUP节点中抢占过来。非抢占模式即MASTER恢复后不抢占BACKUP升级为MASTER后的VIP。
非抢占模式配置：
标签：ima slave 获得 邮件超时 lov mail comm real 通信
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jianwei-dai/p/12157377.html
