爬虫小案例：豆瓣Top250电影

import requests,os,csv,time,smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr
from email.header import Header
from email.header import  make_header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# 数据写入到文件
file_path = os.getcwd() + "/豆瓣Top250电影.csv"
if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
    # 编码utf-8-sig：支持python3，不支持python2
    with open(file_path, ‘w‘, newline=‘‘, encoding=‘utf-8-sig‘) as f:
        writer = csv.writer(f)
        writer.writerow([‘排名‘, ‘电影名称‘, ‘上映年份‘, ‘地区‘, ‘类型‘, ‘评分‘, ‘推荐语‘, ‘链接‘])
# 电影列表
filmlist = []
for x in range(10):
    url = ‘https://movie.douban.com/top250?start={}&filter=‘.format(x * 25)

    # 为躲避反爬机制，伪装成浏览器的请求头
    headers = {‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36 OPR/65.0.3467.78 (Edition Baidu)‘}
    res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    if res.status_code == 200:
        print(‘正获取第{}页电影数据...‘.format(x+1))
        htmltext = res.text
        soup = BeautifulSoup(htmltext, ‘html.parser‘)
        ol = soup.find(‘ol‘, class_=‘grid_view‘)
        for li in ol.find_all(‘li‘):
            # 排名
            num = li.find(‘div‘, class_=‘pic‘).find(‘em‘).text

            info = li.find(‘div‘, class_=‘info‘)

            # 标题
            title = []
            title_spans = info.find(‘div‘, class_=‘hd‘).find(‘a‘).find_all(‘span‘)
            for title_span in title_spans:
                title.append(title_span.text)
            title = ‘‘.join(title)

            # 链接
            link = info.find(‘div‘, class_=‘hd‘).find(‘a‘)[‘href‘]

            # 评分
            rating_num = info.find(‘span‘, class_=‘rating_num‘).text

            # 推荐语
            inq = info.find(‘span‘, class_=‘inq‘).text

            # 上映时间、地区、类型
            bd = info.find(‘div‘, class_=‘bd‘).find(‘p‘).contents[2]
            bd = bd.split(‘/‘)

            # 保存到文件上
            with open(file_path, ‘a‘, newline=‘‘, encoding=‘utf-8-sig‘) as f:
                writer = csv.writer(f)
                writer.writerow([num, title, bd[0].strip(), bd[1].strip(), bd[2].strip(), rating_num, inq, link])

            filmlist.append("{0}.{1}：{2}/{3}/{4}，评分：{5}，推荐语：{6}，链接：{7}".format(num,title,bd[0].strip(),bd[1].strip(),bd[2].strip(),rating_num,inq,link))

        time.sleep(0.75)
            # print(num)
            # print(title)
            # print(link)
            # print(rating_num)
            # print(inq)
            # print(bd)
            # print(‘{0}.{1} —— {2}，推荐语：{3}，链接：{4}‘.format(rating_num,title,inq,link))

        
    else:
        print(‘请求失败！‘)

# 发送邮件
my_sender = ‘xxx‘  # 发件人邮箱账号
my_pass = ‘xxx‘  # 发件人邮箱密码

try:
    print(time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘, time.localtime()) + "：准备发送邮件")

    # 创建一个带附件的实例
    # 使用多形式组合
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg[‘From‘] = formataddr(["ljq", my_sender])  # 括号里的对应发件人邮箱昵称、发件人邮箱账号
    msg[‘To‘] = formataddr(["lsjljq", ‘lsjljq@163.com‘])  # 括号里的对应收件人邮箱昵称、收件人邮箱账号

    # 邮件标题
    subject = ‘豆瓣Top250电影‘
    msg[‘Subject‘] = Header(subject, ‘utf-8‘)

    # 邮件正文内容
    contenttext = "\n".join(filmlist)
    msg.attach(MIMEText(contenttext, ‘plain‘, ‘utf-8‘))

    # 构造附件1，传送当前目录下的 test.txt 文件
    att1 = MIMEText(open(‘豆瓣Top250电影.csv‘, ‘rb‘).read(), ‘base64‘, ‘utf-8‘)
    # 文件名如果是中文，则需要转化一下
    att1["Content-Type"] = ‘application/octet-stream;name="{0}"‘.format(make_header([(‘豆瓣Top250电影‘, ‘UTF-8‘)]).encode(‘UTF-8‘))
    # 这里的filename可以任意写，写什么名字，邮件中显示什么名字
    att1["Content-Disposition"] = ‘attachment; filename="{0}.csv"‘.format(make_header([(‘豆瓣Top250电影‘, ‘UTF-8‘)]).encode(‘UTF-8‘))
    msg.attach(att1)

    print(time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘, time.localtime()) + "：正连接邮件服务器...")
    server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.exmail.qq.com", 465)  # 发件人邮箱中的SMTP服务器，端口是25
    print(time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘, time.localtime()) + "：登录中...")
    server.login(my_sender, my_pass)  # 括号中对应的是发件人邮箱账号、邮箱密码
    print(time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘, time.localtime()) + "：正在发送邮件...")
    server.sendmail(my_sender, [‘lsjljq@163.com‘], msg.as_string())  # 括号中对应的是发件人邮箱账号、收件人邮箱账号、发送邮件
    server.quit()  # 关闭连接
    print(‘邮件发送成功！‘)
except Exception as err:
    print(‘邮件发送失败！：{0}‘.format(err))