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树莓派/Debian 配置 OMV 搭建 NAS(一)

时间:2020-03-26 21:56:53      阅读:423      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:update   软件   信息   查看   工具   安装软件包   dmi   time   dmg   

前言

前文已经讲了 树莓派/Debian 挂载硬盘 ,本文就此前准备来讲如何在 树莓派4b 上安装 OpenMediaVault 5 (后简称 OMV 5)。

注意

  • 本文只适用于树莓派4b

    因为 树莓派4b 是特例,到目前为止官方并没有提供可以直接安装在 树莓派4b 的系统镜像,而以前发布的版本对于 4b 这个新的型号也没有提供较好的支持。

    官方提供了 amd64 的镜像版本,但该镜像并不支持树莓派: openmediavault.org

  • 本文预先应有:

    • 树莓派 Raspberry Pi 4b

    • 一台可用 PC

      PC 上要安装:

      WinSCP、SSH 工具(Putty、Win10的PowerShell等)

准备

添加 hosts

  • 编辑 hosts 配置文件

    sudo nano /etc/hosts
    
  • 在最后添加数据:

    # GitHub Start
    192.30.253.112 github.com
    192.30.253.119 gist.github.com
    151.101.100.133 assets-cdn.github.com
    151.101.100.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 gist.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 cloud.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 camo.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars4.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars5.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars6.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars7.githubusercontent.com
    151.101.100.133 avatars8.githubusercontent.com
    # GitHub End
    
    151.101.0.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
    

更新国内镜像软件源

  • Raspberry 清华源

  • 更新软件源

    sudo apt update
    sudo apt upgrade
    
  • 下载安装 vlc-bin

    sudo apt-get install vlc-bin -y
    

安装 OMV 5

下载脚本并 root 权限执行

wget --no-check-certificate -O - https://github.com/OpenMediaVault-Plugin-Developers/installScript/raw/master/install | sudo bash

若上面的执行失败,可尝试另一脚本:

wget -O - https://github.com/OpenMediaVault-Plugin-Developers/installScript/raw/master/install | sudo bash

结果分析

  • 执行成功最好

  • 没有执行成功,可能性最大问题在于 网络环境问题

    OMV 服务器在国外,而国内到目前为止还没有 OMV 的镜像或软件源。

    执行大概率问题显示为:

    Err:101 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf libjs-extjs6 all 6.2.0.981-2
      Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
    ......
    E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
    E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
    failed to install openmediavault package.
    

    我遇到的问题全文,可点击查看:

    fail to install omv package
    
        Err:101 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf libjs-extjs6 all 6.2.0.981-2
        Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      Err:102 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf php-pam armhf 1.0.3-1+deb10u1
        Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      Err:103 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf wsdd all 0.5-1
        Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      Err:104 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf salt-common all 2019.2.3+ds-1
        Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      Err:105 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf salt-minion all 2019.2.3+ds-1
        Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      Err:106 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public usul/main armhf openmediavault all 5.3.9-1
        Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      Fetched 24.4 MB in 8min 0s (50.8 kB/s)
      E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/libj/libjs-extjs6/libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb  Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/p/php-pam/php-pam_1.0.3-1+deb10u1_armhf.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/w/wsdd/wsdd_0.5-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-common_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-minion_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
      E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?
      failed to install openmediavault package.
        

    对此问题如何解决,请看下一点。

解决 failed to install

主要问题

主要问题在于:

由于网络问题,这里有几个安装包没有下载成功:

软件包 链接
libjs-extjs6 http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/libj/libjs-extjs6/libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb
php-pam http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/p/php-pam/php-pam_1.0.3-1+deb10u1_armhf.deb
wsdd http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/w/wsdd/wsdd_0.5-1_all.deb
salt-common http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-common_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb
openmediavault http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb

具体如下:

Server.java

E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/libj/libjs-extjs6/libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb  Could not connect to packages.openmediavault.org:80 (178.254.11.33), connection timed out [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/p/php-pam/php-pam_1.0.3-1+deb10u1_armhf.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/w/wsdd/wsdd_0.5-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/s/salt/salt-common_2019.2.3+ds-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://packages.openmediavault.org/public/pool/main/o/openmediavault/openmediavault_5.3.9-1_all.deb  Unable to connect to packages.openmediavault.org:http: [IP: 178.254.11.33 80]
  

下载软件包

复制这些链接到浏览器,回车下载。

如果由于响应超时等网络问题,宿主机也无法下载,可以通过上外网或下载我的安装包版本:

下载完成后,通过 WinSCP 等软件传到树莓派的 /home/<用户名> 中去。

安装软件包

  • 进入你上传文件的文件目录

    cd /home/<用户名>
    
  • 使用 dpkg -i 命令安装 libjs-extjs6

    sudo dpkg -i libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb
    

    如果出现以下错误:

    dpkg: 依赖关系问题使得 libjs-extjs6 的配置工作不能继续:
     libjs-extjs6m 依赖于 libjs-extjs6-xxxxxx;然而:
      未安装软件包 libjs-extjs6-xxxxxx。
    
    dpkg: 处理软件包 libjs-extjs6 (--install)时出错:
     依赖关系问题 - 仍未被配置
    在处理时有错误发生:
     libjs-extjs6
    

    请尝试以下方法

    • 1.请重试命令

    • 2.使用 apt install 命令下载清华源中的软件包

      sudo apt install libjs-extjs6
      

      再执行 dpkg -i 命令覆盖安装

      sudo dpkg -i libjs-extjs6_6.2.0.981-2_all.deb
      

      如果该过程中提示错误:

      E: 有未能满足的依赖关系。请尝试不指明软件包的名字来运行“apt --fix-broken install”(也可以指定一个解决办法)。
      

      按照提示输入指令,下载依赖:

      apt --fix-broken install
      
  • 然后按照以下顺序安装软件包,过程同上,问题解决同上:

    “libjs-extjs6 -> php-pam -> wsdd -> salt-common -> openmediavault”

  • 安装 openmediavault 正确的话,过程中会多次出现下图类似信息:

    技术图片

    安装 OMV 成功后会提示:

    Processing triggers for systemd (241-7~deb10u3+rpi1) ...Enable and start systemd-resolved ...
    Configure eth0 to use networkd ...
    Enable networkd ...
    It is recommended to reboot and then setup the network adapter in the openmediavault web interface.
    

完成测试

  • 将树莓派通过 网线 连接到路由器上。

    注意:OMV 不支持 WIFI 传输,只可通过网线连接。

  • 通过路由器终端管理界面可以看到分配给树莓派的 IP 地址。

    技术图片

  • 在浏览器中输入树莓派 IP 地址,首次访问输入默认的账号密码:

    账号:admin

    密码:openmediavault

    技术图片

  • 访问 OMV 管理界面。

    技术图片

后续详情操作

请参阅:树莓派/Debian 配置 OMV 搭建 NAS(二)

树莓派/Debian 配置 OMV 搭建 NAS(一)

标签:update   软件   信息   查看   工具   安装软件包   dmi   time   dmg   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Yogile/p/12577321.html

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