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原文:RocketMQ系列(三)消息的生产与消费
前面的章节,我们已经把RocketMQ的环境搭建起来了,是一个两主两从的异步集群。接下来,我们就看看怎么去使用RocketMQ,在使用之前,先要在NameServer中创建Topic,我们知道RocketMQ是基于Topic的消息队列,在生产者发送消息的时候,要指定消息的Topic,这个Topic的路由规则是怎样的,这些都要在NameServer中去创建。
我们先看看Topic的命令是如何使用的,如下:
./bin/mqadmin updateTopic -h
usage: mqadmin updateTopic -b <arg> | -c <arg> [-h] [-n <arg>] [-o <arg>] [-p <arg>] [-r <arg>] [-s <arg>] -t
<arg> [-u <arg>] [-w <arg>]
-b,--brokerAddr <arg> create topic to which broker
-c,--clusterName <arg> create topic to which cluster
-h,--help Print help
-n,--namesrvAddr <arg> Name server address list, eg: 192.168.0.1:9876;192.168.0.2:9876
-o,--order <arg> set topic‘s order(true|false)
-p,--perm <arg> set topic‘s permission(2|4|6), intro[2:W 4:R; 6:RW]
-r,--readQueueNums <arg> set read queue nums
-s,--hasUnitSub <arg> has unit sub (true|false)
-t,--topic <arg> topic name
-u,--unit <arg> is unit topic (true|false)
-w,--writeQueueNums <arg> set write queue nums
其中有一段,-b <arg> | -c <arg>
,说明这个Topic可以指定集群,也可以指定队列,我们先创建一个Topic指定集群,因为集群中有两个队列broker-a
和broker-b
,看看我们的消息是否在两个队列中负载;然后再创建一个Topic指向broker-a
,再看看这个Topic的消息是不是只在broker-a
中。
创建两个Topic,
./bin/mqadmin updateTopic -c ‘RocketMQ-Cluster‘ -t cluster-topic -n ‘192.168.73.130:9876;192.168.73.131:9876;192.168.73.132:9876‘
./bin/mqadmin updateTopic -b 192.168.73.130:10911 -t broker-a-topic
第一个命令创建了一个集群的Topic,叫做cluster-topic;第二个命令创建了一个只在broker-a中才有的Topic,我们指定了-b 192.168.73.130:10911
,这个是broker-a的地址和端口。
我们新建SpringBoot项目,然后引入RocketMQ的jar包,
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
<artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId>
<version>4.3.0</version>
</dependency>
然后配置一下生产者的客户端,在这里使用@Configuration
这个注解,具体如下:
@Configuration
public class RocketMQConfig {
@Bean(initMethod = "start",destroyMethod = "shutdown")
public DefaultMQProducer producer() {
DefaultMQProducer producer = new
DefaultMQProducer("DefaultMQProducer");
producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.73.130:9876;192.168.73.131:9876;192.168.73.132:9876;");
return producer;
}
}
@Bean
注解中指定初始化的方法,和销毁的方法;这样,生产者的客户端就配置好了,然后再写个Test类,在Test类中向MQ中发送消息,如下,
@SpringBootTest
class RocketmqDemoApplicationTests {
@Autowired
public DefaultMQProducer defaultMQProducer;
@Test
public void producerTest() throws Exception {
for (int i = 0;i<5;i++) {
Message message = new Message();
message.setTopic("cluster-topic");
message.setKeys("key-"+i);
message.setBody(("this is simpleMQ,my NO is "+i).getBytes());
SendResult sendResult = defaultMQProducer.send(message);
System.out.println("SendStatus:" + sendResult.getSendStatus());
System.out.println("BrokerName:" + sendResult.getMessageQueue().getBrokerName());
}
}
}
运行一下,看看结果:
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-b
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-b
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-b
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-b
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-a
5个消息发送都是成功的,而发送的队列有4个是broker-b,1个broker-a,说明两个broker之间还是有负载的,负载的规则我们猜测是随机。
我们再写个测试方法,看看broker-a-topic
这个Topic的发送结果是什么样子的,如下:
@Test
public void brokerTopicTest() throws Exception {
for (int i = 0;i<5;i++) {
Message message = new Message();
message.setTopic("broker-a-topic");
message.setKeys("key-"+i);
message.setBody(("this is broker-a-topic‘s MQ,my NO is "+i).getBytes());
defaultMQProducer.send(message, new SendCallback() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(SendResult sendResult) {
System.out.println("SendStatus:" + sendResult.getSendStatus());
System.out.println("BrokerName:" + sendResult.getMessageQueue().getBrokerName());
}
@Override
public void onException(Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
System.out.println("异步发送 i="+i);
}
}
运行一下,看看结果:
异步发送 i=0
异步发送 i=1
异步发送 i=2
异步发送 i=3
异步发送 i=4
SendStatus:SEND_OK
SendStatus:SEND_OK
SendStatus:SEND_OK
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-a
SendStatus:SEND_OK
BrokerName:broker-a
BrokerName:broker-a
BrokerName:broker-a
BrokerName:broker-a
由于我们是异步发送,所以最后的日志先打印了出来,然后打印出返回的结果,都是发送成功的,并且队列都是broker-a,完全符合我们的预期。
生产的消息已经发送到了队列当中,再来看看消费者端如何消费这个消息,我们在这个配置类中配置消费者,如下:
@Bean(initMethod = "start",destroyMethod = "shutdown")
public DefaultMQPushConsumer pushConsumer() throws MQClientException {
DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("DefaultMQPushConsumer");
consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.73.130:9876;192.168.73.131:9876;192.168.73.132:9876;");
consumer.subscribe("cluster-topic","*");
consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
@Override
public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List<MessageExt> msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
if (msgs!=null&&msgs.size()>0) {
for (MessageExt msg : msgs) {
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
System.out.println(context.getMessageQueue().getBrokerName());
}
}
return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
}
} );
return consumer;
}
好了,这个订阅了cluster-topic的消费者,配置完了,我们启动一下项目,看看消费的结果如何,
this is simpleMQ,my NO is 2
broker-b
this is simpleMQ,my NO is 3
broker-b
this is simpleMQ,my NO is 1
broker-b
this is simpleMQ,my NO is 0
broker-a
this is simpleMQ,my NO is 4
broker-b
结果符合预期,cluster-topic中的5个消息全部消费成功,而且队列是4个broker-b,1个broker-a,和发送时的结果是一致的。
大家有问题欢迎评论区讨论~
标签:dep throw throws 地址 blog call list com number
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lonelyxmas/p/13124597.html