标签：turn gif lang 接下来 开始 ons pat csr ret
Django Form 组件用于对页面进行初始化，生成 HTML 标签，此外还可以对用户提交对数据进行校验（显示错误信息）。
报错信息显示顺序：
使用 Form 组件，需要先导入 forms：
from django import forms
接下来我们在 app01 目录下创建一个 My_forms.py:
from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from app01 import models
class EmpForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(min_length=4, label="姓名", error_messages={"min_length": "你太短了", "required": "该字段不能为空!"})
age = forms.IntegerField(label="年龄")
salary = forms.DecimalField(label="工资")
字段属性：
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from app01.My_Forms import EmpForm
from app01 import models
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
# Create your views here.
def add_emp(request):
if request.method == "GET":
form = EmpForm()
return render(request, "add_emp.html", {"form": form})
else:
form = EmpForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid(): # 进行数据校验
# 校验成功
data = form.cleaned_data # 校验成功的值，会放在cleaned_data里。
data.pop(‘r_salary‘)
print(data)
models.Emp.objects.create(**data)
return HttpResponse(
‘ok‘
)
# return render(request, "add_emp.html", {"form": form})
else:
print(form.errors) # 打印错误信息
clean_errors = form.errors.get("__all__")
print(222, clean_errors)
return render(request, "add_emp.html", {"form": form, "clean_errors": clean_errors})
app01/urls.py 文件添加以下规则：
path(‘add_emp/‘, views.add_emp)
HTML 模版：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <h3>添加员工</h3> {#1、自己手动写HTML页面#} <form action="" method="post"> <p>姓名：<input type="text" name="name"></p> <p>年龄：<input type="text" name="age"></p> <p>工资：<input type="text" name="salary"></p> <input type="submit"> </form> {#2、通过form对象的as_p方法实现#} {#<form action="" method="post" novalidate>#} {# {% csrf_token %}#} {# {{ form.as_p }}#} {# <input type="submit">#} {#</form>#} {#3、手动获取form对象的字段#} {#<form action="" method="post" novalidate>#} {# {% csrf_token %}#} {# <div>#} {# <label for="id_{{ form.name.name }}">姓名</label>#} {# {{ form.name }} <span>{{ form.name.errors.0 }}</span>#} {# </div>#} {# <div>#} {# <label for="id_{{ form.age.name }}">年龄</label>#} {# {{ form.age }} <span>{{ form.age.errors.0 }}</span>#} {# </div>#} {# <div>#} {# <label for="id_salary">工资</label>#} {# {{ form.salary }} <span>{{ form.salary.errors.0 }}</span>#} {# </div>#} {# <input type="submit">#} {#</form>#} {#4、用for循环展示所有字段#} {#<form action="" method="post" novalidate>#} {# {% csrf_token %}#} {# {% for field in form %}#} {# <div>#} {# <label for="id_{{ field.name }}">{{ field.label }}</label>#} {# {{ field }} <span>{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>#} {# </div>#} {# {% endfor %}#} {# <input type="submit">#} {#</form>#} </body> </html>
运行结果如下图所示：
定义 Form 类:
from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from app01 import models
class EmpForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(min_length=5, label="姓名", error_messages={"required": "该字段不能为空!",
"min_length": "用户名太短。"})
age = forms.IntegerField(label="年龄")
salary = forms.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, label="工资")
r_salary = forms.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, label="请再输入工资")
def clean_name(self): # 局部钩子
val = self.cleaned_data.get("name")
if val.isdigit():
raise ValidationError("用户名不能是纯数字")
elif models.Emp.objects.filter(name=val):
raise ValidationError("用户名已存在！")
else:
return val
def clean(self): # 全局钩子 确认两次输入的工资是否一致。
val = self.cleaned_data.get("salary")
r_val = self.cleaned_data.get("r_salary")
if val == r_val:
return self.cleaned_data
else:
raise ValidationError("请确认工资是否一致。")
views.py 文件代码：
def add_emp(request):
if request.method == "GET":
form = EmpForm() # 初始化form对象
return render(request, "add_emp.html", {"form":form})
else:
form = EmpForm(request.POST) # 将数据传给form对象
if form.is_valid(): # 进行校验
data = form.cleaned_data
data.pop("r_salary")
models.Emp.objects.create(**data)
return redirect("/index/")
else: # 校验失败
clear_errors = form.errors.get("__all__") # 获取全局钩子错误信息
return render(request, "add_emp.html", {"form": form, "clear_errors": clear_errors})
模板文件代码如下：
<form action="" method="post" novalidate> {% csrf_token %} <div> <label for="id_{{ form.name.name }}">姓名</label> {{ form.name }} <span>{{ form.name.errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div> <label for="id_{{ form.age.name }}">年龄</label> {{ form.age }} <span>{{ form.age.errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div> <label for="id_salary">工资</label> {{ form.salary }} <span>{{ form.salary.errors.0 }}{{ clear_errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div> <label for="id_r_salary">请再输入工资</label> {{ form.r_salary }} <span>{{ form.r_salary.errors.0 }}{{ clear_errors.0 }}</span> </div> <input type="submit"> </form>
运行结果如下图所示：
标签：turn gif lang 接下来 开始 ons pat csr ret
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/springsnow/p/13170150.html
