一、UML图
二、包含的角色
(1)抽象工厂
(2)具体工厂
(3)抽象产品
(4)具体产品
三、优势
(1)工厂方法模式是对简单工厂模式的稍微的改进。工厂方法模式的用意是定义一个创建产品对象的工厂接口,将实际工作推迟到子类中。
(2)与简单工厂模式相比,制造产品的工厂类不再 只有一个,而是每种具体产品类都对应一个生产它的具体工厂类。而这些具体工厂类的共同特征再被提取出来形成一个抽象产品类,这些具体产品类都继承自这个抽象产品类。
(3)当需要增加一种产品的时候,需要做的是:增加一种继承自抽象产品的具体产品类,增加一种继承在抽象工厂的具体工厂类,更改客户端。而不需要在简单工厂模式中那样更改工厂内的switch。
四、C++实现
(1)计算器的例子
#include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> using namespace std; //抽象产品类 class Operation { protected: double numberA; double numberB; public: double getA() { return numberA; } double getB() { return numberB; } void setA(double number) { numberA=number; } void setB(double number) { numberB=number; } virtual double GetResult() { double result=0; return result; } }; //下面是四个具体产品类 class OperationAdd:public Operation { public: double GetResult() { double result=0; result=numberA+numberB; return result; } }; class OperationSub:public Operation { public: double GetResult() { double result=0; result=numberA-numberB; return result; } }; class OperationMul:public Operation { public: double GetResult() { double result=0; result=numberA*numberB; return result; } }; class OperationDiv:public Operation { public: double GetResult() { double result=0; if(numberB!=0) result=numberA/numberB; return result; } }; //抽象工厂类 class AbstractFactory { public: virtual Operation* createOperation() { return new Operation; } }; //下面是四个具体工厂类,分别用于产生四个具体产品 class AddFactory:public AbstractFactory { public: Operation* createOperation() { Operation* oper=new OperationAdd; return oper; } }; class SubFactory:public AbstractFactory { public: Operation* createOperation() { Operation* oper=new OperationSub; return oper; } }; class MulFactory:public AbstractFactory { public: Operation* createOperation() { Operation* oper=new OperationMul; return oper; } }; class DivFactory:public AbstractFactory { public: Operation* createOperation() { Operation* oper=new OperationDiv; return oper; } }; //客户端 void main() { AbstractFactory* af=new AddFactory; Operation* oper=af->createOperation(); oper->setA(1); oper->setB(2); cout<<oper->GetResult()<<endl; system("pause"); }
(2)雷锋工厂的例子
#include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> using namespace std; //抽象产品类:雷锋 class Leifeng { public: virtual void Sweep() { cout<<"扫地"<<endl; } virtual void Wash() { cout<<"洗衣"<<endl; } virtual void BuyRice() { cout<<"买米"<<endl; } }; //下面是两个具体产品类 class Undergraduate:public Leifeng { public: void Sweep() { cout<<"学生-扫地"<<endl; } void Wash() { cout<<"学生-洗衣"<<endl; } void BuyRice() { cout<<"学生-买米"<<endl; } }; class Volunteer:public Leifeng { public: void Sweep() { cout<<"志愿者-扫地"<<endl; } void Wash() { cout<<"志愿者-洗衣"<<endl; } void BuyRice() { cout<<"志愿者-买米"<<endl; } }; //抽象工厂类 class AbstractFactory { public: virtual Leifeng* CreateLeifeng() { return new Leifeng; } }; //下面是两个具体工厂类,分别于两个具体产品相对应 class UndergraduateFactory:public AbstractFactory { public: Undergraduate* CreateLeifeng() { return new Undergraduate; } }; class VolunteerFactory:public AbstractFactory { public: Volunteer* CreateLeifeng() { return new Volunteer(); } }; //客户端 void main() { //想要生产Volunteer产品的话,只需要将此处的UndergraduateFactory更改为VolunteerFactory即可。 AbstractFactory* af=new VolunteerFactory; Leifeng* lf=af->CreateLeifeng(); lf->BuyRice(); lf->Sweep(); lf->Wash(); system("pause"); }
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/xiqingnian/article/details/40957025