标签:efi private 安装包 contains https line 好的 prefix 方便
承接上一篇HDFS实验,学习入门课后的实验真的是以简单为主,后续估计得每个组件一一击破。
Hbase是一个分布式的、面向列的开源数据库,源于Google的一篇论文《BigTable:一个结构化的数据的分布式存储系统》。HBase中确定一个元素,需要提供表名,行,列族名,列。因为是以列为单位,所以动态增删数据的性能特别好。
hadoop version:2.7.7
java version:1.8
Hbase的版本需要与hadoop版本对应,我使用的是Hbase-1.2.1,基本上没出差错。版本对应链接
Hbase的下载可以去官网直接进行下载。
解压安装包
sudo tar -zxf /mnt/hgfs/windowShare/hbase-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local
sudo mv /usr/local/hbase-1.2.1 /usr/local/hbase # 改名方便使用
配置环境变量
vim ~/.bashrc # 针对当前用户修改
export Path=$PATh:/usr/local/hbase/bin # 在文件中添加环境变量的最后一行进行修改,保存退出
source ~/.bashrc # 立即生效
配置Hbase权限
sudo chown -R hadoop /usr/local/hbase # 将hbase下所有文件的所有者改为hadoop
查看版本,确定Hbase安装成功
hbase version
/usr/local/hbase/conf/hbase-env.sh
vim /usr/local/hbase/conf/hbase-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_251/bin # Jkd的安装环境
export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/usr/local/hadoop/conf # hadoop的本地安装conf目录
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true
/usr/local/hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml
gedit /usr/local/hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</configuration>
hbase.rootdir:Hbase数据在HDFS上的存储路径
hbase.cluster.distributed:true,分布式配置
测试hbase
首先启动hdfs,然后再启动hbase
start-dfs.sh # 启动hdfs
start-hbase.sh # 启动hbase
jps # 查看是否成功启动
hbase shell # 启动hbase shell
在虚拟机记得快照,快照,快照。
双系统的记得备份,备份,备份。
总体代码,每一小题只需要编写相应的函数。
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
public class Prac1 {
private static Configuration conf;
private static Connection conn;
private static Admin admin;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
init();
int cmd=5;//对应的题目
switch(cmd) {
case 1:list();break;
case 2:showTable();break;
case 3:choose();break;
case 4:deleteAll();break;
case 5:countRows();break;
}
close();
}
public static void init()
{
conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
try {
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
}catch(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void close()
{
try {
if(admin!=null)
admin.close();
if(conn!=null)
conn.close();
}catch(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
(1) 列出HBase所有的表的相关信息,例如表名;
shell:
list # 打印表的信息
java:
public static void list() throws IOException
{
HTableDescriptor htds[] = admin.listTables();
for(HTableDescriptor htd:htds)
System.out.println(htd.getNameAsString());
System.out.println("输出表信息完成");
}
(2) 在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据;
shell:
scan ‘student‘
java:
public static void showTable() throws IOException
{
System.out.print("请输入表名: ");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String tableName = input.next();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
if(table==null) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return ;
}
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner rsr = table.getScanner(scan); //遍历列
for(Result res:rsr)
showCell(res);
table.close();
}
public static void showCell(Result res)
{
//一行的内容也要用for来输出,因为是以列为单位的
Cell[] cells = res.rawCells();
for(Cell cell:cells) {
System.out.println("RowName: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+"\t"
+"TimeStamp: "+cell.getTimestamp()+"\t"
+"Column Family: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+"\t"
+"Row Name: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+"\t"
+"Value: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
(3) 向已经创建好的表添加和删除指定的列族或列;
shell:
# 添加列和列族,但是列是确定的,列族不是
put ‘student‘,‘95002‘,‘Sname‘,‘Mari‘
put ‘student‘,‘95002‘,‘course:Chinese‘,‘150‘
#删除列和列族
delete ‘student‘,‘95002‘,‘Sname‘
delete ‘student‘,‘95002‘,‘course:Chinese‘
java:
public static void choose() throws IOException
{
System.out.print("请输入操作(insert or delete): ");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String cmd = input.next();
if(cmd.equals("insert")||cmd.equals("delete"))
option(cmd);
else
System.out.println("错误命令");
}
public static void option(String opt) throws IOException
{
System.out.print("请输入表、行、列族、列、值(space): ");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String tableName = input.next().replaceFirst("esc","");
String rowKey = input.next().replaceFirst("esc","");
String colFamily = input.next().replaceFirst("esc","");
String col = input.next().replaceFirst("esc","");
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
if(table==null){
System.out.println("该表不存在");
return;
}
if(opt.equals("insert"))
{
String val = input.next().replaceFirst("esc", "");
Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
table.put(put);
}else
{
Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
if(!colFamily.equals("")&&col.equals(""))
delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),null);
else if(!colFamily.equals("")&&!col.equals(""))
delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());
else if(colFamily.equals("")&&!col.equals("")) {
System.out.println("不存在无列族只有列的情况");
table.close();
return;
}
table.delete(delete);
}
System.out.println("操作完成");
table.close();
}
(4) 清空指定的表的所有记录数据;
shell:
truncate ‘student‘
java:
public static void deleteAll() throws IOException
{
System.out.print("请输入删除内容的表名: ");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String tableName = input.next();
HBaseAdmin tempAdmin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
HTableDescriptor htd = tempAdmin.getTableDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
//获取这个表的信息
if(htd==null) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return ;
}
TableName table_name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
admin.disableTable(table_name);
admin.deleteTable(table_name);
admin.createTable(htd);
System.out.println("成功删除内容");
tempAdmin.close();
}
(5) 统计表的行数。
shell:
count ‘student‘
java:
public static void countRows() throws IOException
{
System.out.print("请输入查询的表名: ");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String tableName = input.next();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
if(table==null) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return ;
}
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner rsr = table.getScanner(scan);
int count=0;
for(Result res:rsr)
count++;
System.out.println("共有"+count+"行");
}
学生表(Student)
学号(S_No) | 姓名(S_Name) | 性别(S_Sex) | 年龄(S_Age) |
---|---|---|---|
2015001 | Zhangsan | male | 23 |
2015002 | Mary | female | 22 |
2015003 | Lisi | male | 24 |
课程表(Course)
课程号(C_No) | 课程名(C_Name) | 学分(C_Credit) |
---|---|---|
123001 | Math | 2.0 |
123002 | Computer Science | 5.0 |
123003 | English | 3.0 |
选课表(SC)
学号(SC_Sno) | 课程号(SC_Cno) | 成绩(SC_Score) |
---|---|---|
2015001 | 123001 | 86 |
2015001 | 123003 | 69 |
2015002 | 123002 | 77 |
2015002 | 123003 | 99 |
2015003 | 123001 | 98 |
2015003 | 123002 | 95 |
同时,请编程完成以下指定功能:
(1)createTable(String tableName, String[] fields)
? 创建表,参数tableName为表的名称,字符串数组fields为存储记录各个域名称的数组。要求当HBase已经存在名为tableName的表的时候,先删除原有的表,然后再创建新的表。
? (2)addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values)
? 向表tableName、行row(用S_Name表示)和字符串数组files指定的单元格中添加对应的数据values。其中fields中每个元素如果对应的列族下还有相应的列限定符的话,用“columnFamily:column”表示。例如,同时向“Math”、“Computer Science”、“English”三列添加成绩时,字符串数组fields为{“Score:Math”,”Score;Computer Science”,”Score:English”},数组values存储这三门课的成绩。
? (3)scanColumn(String tableName, String column)
? 浏览表tableName某一列的数据,如果某一行记录中该列数据不存在,则返回null。要求当参数column为某一列族名称时,如果底下有若干个列限定符,则要列出每个列限定符代表的列的数据;当参数column为某一列具体名称(例如“Score:Math”)时,只需要列出该列的数据。
? (4)modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column)
? 修改表tableName,行row(可以用学生姓名S_Name表示),列column指定的单元格的数据。
(5)deleteRow(String tableName, String row)
? 删除表tableName中row指定的行的记录。
在导入数据的时候,我是利用程序导入的,改编了一下第一题的所有程序,如下:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.Scanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
public class Prac2 {
private static Configuration conf;
private static Connection conn;
private static Admin admin;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
init();
String filenamePrefix="/home/hadoop/Desktop/HPractice/HbasePractice/";
String[] t1 = {"S_No","S_Name","S_Sex","S_Age"};
String t1Name = "Student";
createTable(t1Name, t1);
lead(filenamePrefix+t1Name.toLowerCase()+".txt",t1Name,t1,false);
String[] t2 = {"C_No","C_Name","C_Credit"};
String t2Name = "Course";
createTable(t2Name, t2);
lead(filenamePrefix+t2Name.toLowerCase()+".txt",t2Name,t2,false);
String[] t3 = {"SC_Sno","SC_Cno","SC_score"};
String t3Name = "SC";
createTable(t3Name, t3);
lead(filenamePrefix+t3Name.toLowerCase()+".txt",t3Name,t3,true);
close();
}
public static void lead(String filename,String tableName,String[] colFamilys,boolean dupl) throws IOException
{
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
if(table==null){
System.out.println("该表不存在");
return;
}
FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(filename);
BufferedReader bfr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String line;
String rowKey,colFamily,col,val;
int j;
int count=1;
while((line = bfr.readLine())!=null)
{
String[] values = line.split(" ");
if(values.length!=colFamilys.length)
{
System.out.println(count+"行读取失败");
count++;
continue;
}
if(!dupl)
{
rowKey = values[0];
j=1;
}else
{
rowKey = String.valueOf(count);
j=0;
}
for(int i=j;i<values.length;i++)
{
if(colFamilys[i].contains(":"))
{
colFamily = colFamilys[i].split(":")[0];
col = colFamilys[i].split(":")[1];
}else {
colFamily = colFamilys[i];
col = "";
}
option(table,"insert",rowKey,colFamily,col,values[i]);
}
count++;
}
table.close();
System.out.println("导入"+tableName+"成功");
}
public static void init()
{
conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
try {
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
}catch(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void close()
{
try {
if(admin!=null)
admin.close();
if(conn!=null)
conn.close();
}catch(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void createTable(String tableName,String[] colFamily) throws IOException
{
HTableDescriptor htd = null;
TableName table = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(table))
{
System.out.println("表已经存在");
return ;
}else
{
htd = new HTableDescriptor(table);
}
String realInfo;
for(String info:colFamily)
{
if(info.contains(":"))
realInfo = info.split(":")[0];
else
realInfo = info;
htd.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(new String(realInfo)));
}
admin.createTable(htd);
System.out.println("成功创建");
}
public static void list() throws IOException
{
HTableDescriptor htds[] = admin.listTables();
for(HTableDescriptor htd:htds)
System.out.println(htd.getNameAsString());
System.out.println("输出表信息完成");
}
public static void showTable(String tableName) throws IOException
{
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
if(table==null) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return ;
}
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner rsr = table.getScanner(scan); //遍历列
for(Result res:rsr)
showCell(res);
table.close();
}
public static void showCell(Result res)
{
//一行的内容也要用for来输出,因为是以列为单位的
Cell[] cells = res.rawCells();
for(Cell cell:cells) {
System.out.println("RowName: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+"\t"
+"TimeStamp: "+cell.getTimestamp()+"\t"
+"Column Family: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+"\t"
+"Row Name: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+"\t"
+"Value: "+new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
public static void option(Table table,String opt,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col,String val) throws IOException
{
if(opt.equals("insert"))
{
Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
table.put(put);
}else
{
Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
if(!colFamily.equals("")&&col.equals(""))
delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),null);
else if(!colFamily.equals("")&&!col.equals(""))
delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());
else if(colFamily.equals("")&&!col.equals("")) {
System.out.println("不存在无列族只有列的情况");
table.close();
return;
}
table.delete(delete);
}
System.out.println("操作完成");
}
public static void deleteAll(String tableName) throws IOException
{
HBaseAdmin tempAdmin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
HTableDescriptor htd = tempAdmin.getTableDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
//获取这个表的信息
if(htd==null) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return ;
}
TableName table_name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
admin.disableTable(table_name);
admin.deleteTable(table_name);
admin.createTable(htd);
System.out.println("成功删除内容");
tempAdmin.close();
}
public static void countRows(String tableName) throws IOException
{
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
if(table==null) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return ;
}
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner rsr = table.getScanner(scan);
int count=0;
for(Result res:rsr)
count++;
System.out.println("共有"+count+"行");
}
}
结果如下:
没有想到的是基本上是完成接下来的编程任务,只需要改一改形参和微调下代码就好了,比如说deleteRow。删除一行的记录,可以采用下面的方式:
String rowKey = "???"//你想删除的那一行行键
tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(!admin.tableExists(tablename))
{
System.out.println("不存在该表");
exit(1);
}
Table table = conn.getTable(tablename);
option(table,"delete",rowKey,"","","");
table.close();
同时,我也编写了一些完成以上任务的函数,有scanColumn和modifyData:
public static void scanColumn(String tableName,String columns) throws IOException
{
TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(!admin.tableExists(tablename)) {
System.out.println("不存在该表");
return;
}
Table table = conn.getTable(tablename);
Scan scan = new Scan();
//scan 对列的要求,ResultScanner是对行的遍历,如果scan为空的话,showCell中的cells就是所有的列族和里面的列,反之cells则是确定的列族或者列
String[] info = columns.split(":");
if(info.length==1)
scan.addFamily(columns.getBytes());
else
scan.addColumn(info[0].getBytes(), info[1].getBytes());
ResultScanner rsr = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result res = rsr.next();res!=null;res = rsr.next())
showCell(res);
}
public static void modifyData(String tableName,String row,String column) throws IOException
{
TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(!admin.tableExists(tablename))
{
System.out.println("该表不存在");
return ;
}
System.out.print("输入要修改成的值: ");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String val = input.next();
Table table = conn.getTable(tablename);
Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
String[] info = column.split(":");
if(info.length==1)
put.addColumn(info[0].getBytes(),"".getBytes(), val.getBytes());
else
put.addColumn(info[0].getBytes(),info[1].getBytes(), val.getBytes());
table.put(put);
System.out.println("修改成功");
table.close();
}
这些都是我经过验证了的,如果有错误,期待大佬指出。
假设HBase有2张表,表的逻辑视图及部分数据如下所示:
表 逻辑视图及部分数据
书名(bookName) | 价格(price) |
---|---|
Database System Concept | 30$ |
Thinking in Java | 60$ |
Data Mining | 25$ |
要求:从HBase读出上述两张表的数据,对“price”的排序,并将结果存储到HBase中。
create ‘book‘,‘price‘,‘bookname‘
put ‘book‘,‘30$‘,‘bookname‘,‘Datavase System Concept‘
put ‘book‘,‘60$‘,‘bookname‘,‘Thinking in Java‘
put ‘book‘,‘25$‘,‘bookname‘,‘Data Mining‘
# scan 一个表的时候就会自动对行键进行排序
scan ‘book‘
总结一下学到的东西。
标签:efi private 安装包 contains https line 好的 prefix 方便
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ginkgo-/p/13237654.html