标签:pytho star 模拟 获取网页 reason 接受 ons list safari
# -*- codeing = utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2020/7/9 16:43
# @Author: 小菜菜最菜
# @File : douban.py
# @Software : PyCharm
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup# 网页解析,获取数据
import re # 正则表达式,进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error # 指定URL,获取网页数据
import xlwt # 进行excel操作
import sqlite3 # 进行SQLite数据库操作
def main():
baseurl = "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start="
# 1. 爬取网页
datalist = getData(baseurl)
savepath = "豆瓣电影Top250.xls" # 本地excel保存
dbpath = "movie.db" # sqlite数据库保存
saveData2DB(datalist,dbpath)
saveData(datalist,savepath)
#影片详情链接的规则
findLink = re.compile(r‘<a href="(.*?)">‘) #创建正则表达式对象,表示规则(字符串的模式)
#影片图片
findImgSrc = re.compile(r‘<img.*src="(.*?)"‘,re.S) #re.S 让换行符包含在字符中
#影片片名
findTitle = re.compile(r‘<span class="title">(.*)</span>‘)
#影片评分
findRating = re.compile(r‘<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*)</span>‘)
#找到评价人数
findJudge = re.compile(r‘<span>(\d*)人评价</span>‘)
#找到概况
findInq = re.compile(r‘<span class="inq">(.*)</span>‘)
#找到影片的相关内容
findBd = re.compile(r‘<p class="">(.*?)</p>‘,re.S)
# 爬取网页 一般是边爬取边解析
def getData(baseurl):
datalist = []
for i in range(0,10): # 调用获取页面信息的函数10次
url = baseurl + str(i*25)
html = askURL(url) # 保存获取到的网页源码
# 2. 逐一解析数据
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
for item in soup.find_all(‘div‘,class_="item"): # 查找符合要求的字符串,形成列表
#print(item) #测试:查看电影item的全部信息
data = [] # 保存一部电影的所有信息
item = str(item)
# 影片详情的连接
link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0] #re库用来通过正则表达式查找指定的字符串
data.append(link)
imgSrc = re.findall(findImgSrc,item)[0]
data.append(imgSrc)
title = re.findall(findTitle,item) # 片名可能只有一个中文名
if len(title) == 2:
ctitle = title[0]
data.append(ctitle) # 添加中文名
otitle = title[1].replace("/","")
data.append(otitle) # 添加外国名
else:
data.append(title[0])
data.append(‘ ‘) # 外国名留空
rating = re.findall(findRating,item)[0]
data.append(rating)
judgeNum = re.findall(findJudge,item)[0]
data.append(judgeNum)
inq = re.findall(findInq,item)
if len(inq)!= 0:
inq = inq[0].replace("。","")
data.append(inq)
else:
data.append(" ")
bd = re.findall(findBd, item)[0]
bd = re.sub(‘<br(\s+)?/>(\s+)?‘, " ", bd) # 去掉<br/>
bd = re.sub(‘/‘, " ", bd) # 替换/
data.append(bd.strip()) # 去掉前后的空格
datalist.append(data) # 把处理好的一部电影信息放入datalist
print(datalist)
return datalist
# 得到一个指定URL的网页内容
def askURL(url):
head = { # 模拟浏览器头部信息,向豆瓣服务器发送消息
"User-Agent": "Mozilla / 5.0(Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit / 537.36(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome / 80.0.3987.122 Safari / 537.36"
}
# 用户代理:表示告诉豆瓣服务器,我们是什么类型的机器,浏览器(本质上是告诉浏览器,我们可以接受什么水平的
request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=head)
html = ""
try:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
#print(html)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print(e.reason)
return html
# 3. 保存数据
def saveData(datalist,savepath):
print(‘save...‘)
book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0)
sheet = book.add_sheet(‘豆瓣电影Top250‘,cell_overwrite_ok=True)
col = ("电影详情连接","图片连接","影片中文名","影片外国名","评分","评价数","概括","相关信息")
for i in range(len(col)):
sheet.write(0,i,col[i])
for i in range(0,250):
print("第%d条"%(i+1))
data = datalist[i]
for j in range(0,8):
sheet.write(i+1,j,data[j])
book.save(savepath)
def init_db(dbpath):
sql = ‘‘‘
create table movie250
(
id integer primary key autoincrement,
info_link text,
pic_link text,
cname varchar,
ename varchar,
score numeric ,
rated numeric ,
instroduction text,
info text
)
‘‘‘ # 创建数据表
conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
conn.close()
def saveData2DB(datalist,dbpath):
init_db(dbpath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)
cur = conn.cursor()
for data in datalist:
for index in range(len(data)):
data[index] = ‘"‘ + data[index] + ‘"‘
sql = ‘‘‘
insert into movie250 (
info_link,pic_link,cname,ename,score,rated,instroduction,info)
values(%s)‘‘‘ % ",".join(data)
cur.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print("...")
if __name__ == "__main__": # 当程序执行时
# 调用函数
main()
print("ending....")
标签:pytho star 模拟 获取网页 reason 接受 ons list safari
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lelezuimei/p/13290097.html