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Docker的学习第六天

时间：2020-07-28 17:29:52      阅读：139      评论：0      收藏：0      [点我收藏+]

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DockerFIle  

Dockerfile介绍

Dockerfile 是用来构建 docker镜像的文件，命令的参数脚本

构建步骤：

1、编写一个dockerfile文件

2、docker build 构建成一个镜像

3、docker run 运行镜像

4、docker push 发布镜像（docker hub 、阿里云）

找一个官方镜像，点击跳转到github路径下，如以下一个实例：

FROM scratch
ADD CentOS-8-Container-8.1.1911-20200113.3-layer.x86_64.tar.xz  /

LABEL org.label-schema.schema-version="1.0"     org.label-schema.name="CentOS Base Image"     org.label-schema.vendor="CentOS"     org.label-schema.license="GPLv2"     org.label-schema.build-date="20200114"     org.opencontainers.image.title="CentOS Base Image"     org.opencontainers.image.vendor="CentOS"     org.opencontainers.image.licenses="GPL-2.0-only"     org.opencontainers.image.created="2020-01-14 00:00:00-08:00"

CMD ["/bin/bash"]

很多官方镜像都是基础包，很多功能没有，我们通常会自己搭建自己的镜像

官方既然可以制作镜像，我们也可以

DockerFile的构建过程

基础知识：

1、每个保留关键字都必须是大写

2、执行从上到下顺序执行

3、#表示注释

4、每一个指令都会创建提交一个新的镜像层并提交

技术图片

 

 

Dockerfile是面向开发的，我们以后要发布项目，做镜像，就需要编写dockerfile文件，这个文件十分简单

Docker镜像已经 成为了企业交互的标准，所以必须要掌握这部分内容

Dockerfile：构建文件，定义了一切的步骤，类似于源代码

DockerImage:镜像，通过Dockerfile构建生成的镜像，最终发布和运行的产品，类似于原来的war包

dockerContrainer：容器，就是镜像运行起来提供服务

DockerFile的指令

技术图片

 

 以前都是使用别人的镜像，现在通过下面的命令生成自己的DockerFile，构建自己的镜像

 FROM ：这是一个基础镜像

MAINTAINER：镜像是谁写的，留姓名+邮箱

RUN：镜像构建的时候需要运行的命令

ADD：步骤，如添加tomcat镜像，这个tomcat压缩包，就是我们要添加的内容

WORKDIR：镜像的工作目录

VOLUME：要挂载的目录 

EXPOSE:保留端口配置

RUN：指定要运行的

CMD：指定容器启动的时候要运行的命令，只有最后一个命令才生效，可被替代

ENTRYPOINT:指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令，可以追加命令

ONBUILD：当构建一个被继承 DockerFile 这个时候运行ONBUILD的指令，触发指令

COPY： 类似ADD,uqf我们文件拷贝到镜像中

ENV： 构建时设置环境变量

 实战练习：

Docker hub中，99%镜像都是在这个基础镜像来FROM　Search　，然后配置需要的软件和配置来进行构建

 

#编辑一个DokerFIle文件
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# clear
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# pwd
/home/dockerfiles
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# cat mydockerfile-centos 
FROM centos 
MAINTAINER aaron<liuxh616@126.com>

ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH

RUN yum -y install vim     
RUN yum -y install net-tools

EXPOSE 80

CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "--------end------"

CMD /bin/bash 
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]#

构建Dockerfile文件命令：

docker build -f 构建文件路径 -t 镜像名:版本号 . 

注意后面有一个点（.）

以下为上述实例的构建过程代码

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker build -f mydockerfile-centos -t mycentos:1.01 .   #构建命令
Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB
Step 1/10 : FROM centos
 ---> 831691599b88
Step 2/10 : MAINTAINER aaron<liuxh616@126.com>
 ---> Running in d9583935fdb7
Removing intermediate container d9583935fdb7
 ---> 872b0d94f40f
Step 3/10 : ENV MYPATH /usr/local
 ---> Running in 3e1901548470
Removing intermediate container 3e1901548470
 ---> bcd157a757e4
Step 4/10 : WORKDIR $MYPATH
 ---> Running in 4dddaceafd0e
Removing intermediate container 4dddaceafd0e
 ---> 8a3373442d03
Step 5/10 : RUN yum -y install vim
 ---> Running in 8b7d5e75b2b4
CentOS-8 - AppStream                            410 kB/s | 5.8 MB     00:14    
CentOS-8 - Base                                 242 kB/s | 2.2 MB     00:09    
CentOS-8 - Extras                                11 kB/s | 7.0 kB     00:00    
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package             Arch        Version                   Repository      Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 vim-enhanced        x86_64      2:8.0.1763-13.el8         AppStream      1.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 gpm-libs            x86_64      1.20.7-15.el8             AppStream       39 k
 vim-common          x86_64      2:8.0.1763-13.el8         AppStream      6.3 M
 vim-filesystem      noarch      2:8.0.1763-13.el8         AppStream       48 k
 which               x86_64      2.21-12.el8               BaseOS          49 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  5 Packages

Total download size: 7.8 M
Installed size: 31 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64.rpm        154 kB/s |  39 kB     00:00    
(2/5): vim-filesystem-8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch.rp 267 kB/s |  48 kB     00:00    
(3/5): which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64.rpm             357 kB/s |  49 kB     00:00    
(4/5): vim-enhanced-8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64.rpm  355 kB/s | 1.4 MB     00:03    
(5/5): vim-common-8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64.rpm    396 kB/s | 6.3 MB     00:16    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           209 kB/s | 7.8 MB     00:38     
warning: /var/cache/dnf/AppStream-02e86d1c976ab532/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8483c65d: NOKEY
CentOS-8 - AppStream                            1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB     00:00    
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
 Userid     : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64                               1/5 
  Installing       : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch                2/5 
  Installing       : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                    3/5 
  Installing       : gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64                          4/5 
  Running scriptlet: gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64                          4/5 
  Installing       : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                  5/5 
  Running scriptlet: vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                  5/5 
  Running scriptlet: vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                    5/5 
  Verifying        : gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64                          1/5 
  Verifying        : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                    2/5 
  Verifying        : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                  3/5 
  Verifying        : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch                4/5 
  Verifying        : which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64                               5/5 

Installed:
  gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64         vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64    
  vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64 vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch
  which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64             

Complete!
Removing intermediate container 8b7d5e75b2b4
 ---> 1951731eb6d1
Step 6/10 : RUN yum -y install net-tools
 ---> Running in d473ddb1187f
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:44 ago on Mon Jul 27 07:11:43 2020.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package         Architecture Version                        Repository    Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools       x86_64       2.0-0.51.20160912git.el8       BaseOS       323 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 323 k
Installed size: 1.0 M
Downloading Packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.51.20160912git.el8.x86_64.rpm   377 kB/s | 323 kB     00:00    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                            14 kB/s | 323 kB     00:23     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : net-tools-2.0-0.51.20160912git.el8.x86_64              1/1 
  Running scriptlet: net-tools-2.0-0.51.20160912git.el8.x86_64              1/1 
  Verifying        : net-tools-2.0-0.51.20160912git.el8.x86_64              1/1 

Installed:
  net-tools-2.0-0.51.20160912git.el8.x86_64                                     

Complete!
Removing intermediate container d473ddb1187f
 ---> 8c80d175f619
Step 7/10 : EXPOSE 80
 ---> Running in 4eaadf509842
Removing intermediate container 4eaadf509842
 ---> 4721d1005156
Step 8/10 : CMD echo $MYPATH
 ---> Running in 0b022380972b
Removing intermediate container 0b022380972b
 ---> e5cb250036ee
Step 9/10 : CMD echo "--------end------"
 ---> Running in d17888ac0d47
Removing intermediate container d17888ac0d47
 ---> 04988036cac7
Step 10/10 : CMD /bin/bash
 ---> Running in c1653fb0fa45
Removing intermediate container c1653fb0fa45
 ---> c0cfb44a7745
Successfully built c0cfb44a7745
Successfully tagged mycentos:1.01
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
mycentos            1.01                c0cfb44a7745        About a minute ago   295MB   #新构建成功的镜像
aaron/centos        1.0                 c20bce8652d2        5 hours ago          215MB
tomcat_aaron        1.0                 671de9f0cd4f        3 days ago           652MB
tomcat              9.0                 b4f6a90c69a4        3 days ago           647MB
tomcat              latest              b4f6a90c69a4        3 days ago           647MB
mysql               5.7                 8679ced16d20        4 days ago           448MB
nginx               latest              8cf1bfb43ff5        5 days ago           132MB
centos              latest              831691599b88        5 weeks ago          215MB
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]#

3、运行新构建的镜像

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            1.01                c0cfb44a7745        3 minutes ago       295MB
aaron/centos        1.0                 c20bce8652d2        5 hours ago         215MB
tomcat_aaron        1.0                 671de9f0cd4f        3 days ago          652MB
tomcat              9.0                 b4f6a90c69a4        3 days ago          647MB
tomcat              latest              b4f6a90c69a4        3 days ago          647MB
mysql               5.7                 8679ced16d20        4 days ago          448MB
nginx               latest              8cf1bfb43ff5        5 days ago          132MB
centos              latest              831691599b88        5 weeks ago         215MB
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker run -it mycentos:1.01    #运行自己创建的镜像
[root@d4a4b4cd2628 local]# pwd    #工作目录就是我们在Dockerfile里面定义的WORKDIR目录
/usr/local 
[root@d4a4b4cd2628 local]# ifconfig    #这个命令也已经可以支持了
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.3  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 7  bytes 586 (586.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@d4a4b4cd2628 local]#

我们还可以通过docker history 镜像Id  查看某一镜像的历史变更记录

 

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            1.01                c0cfb44a7745        6 minutes ago       295MB
aaron/centos        1.0                 c20bce8652d2        5 hours ago         215MB
tomcat_aaron        1.0                 671de9f0cd4f        3 days ago          652MB
tomcat              9.0                 b4f6a90c69a4        3 days ago          647MB
tomcat              latest              b4f6a90c69a4        3 days ago          647MB
mysql               5.7                 8679ced16d20        4 days ago          448MB
nginx               latest              8cf1bfb43ff5        5 days ago          132MB
centos              latest              831691599b88        5 weeks ago         215MB
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker history c0cfb44a7745
IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT
c0cfb44a7745        6 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "/bin…   0B                  
04988036cac7        6 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  
e5cb250036ee        6 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  
4721d1005156        6 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B                  
8c80d175f619        6 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c yum -y install net-tools             22.8MB              
1951731eb6d1        7 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c yum -y install vim                   57.2MB              
8a3373442d03        8 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /usr/local            0B                  
bcd157a757e4        8 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV MYPATH=/usr/local        0B                  
872b0d94f40f        8 minutes ago       /bin/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER aaron<liuxh616…   0B                  
831691599b88        5 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B                  
<missing>           5 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B                  
<missing>           5 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:84700c11fcc969ac0…   215MB               
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]#

 现在说下CMD和ENTRYPOINT的区别

CMD               ：指定这个容器启动的时候运行的命令，只有最后一个会生效，可被替代

ENTRYPOINT：指定这个容器启动的时候要运行的命令，可以追加命令

 我们使用CMD方式，后面追加命令会出错

dockerfile的内容

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# cat dockerfile-cmd-test 
FROM centos
CMD ["ls","-a"]


[root@fengfang dockerfiles]#

追加命令执行时会出错

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
cmdtest             latest              462e7d919412        About a minute ago   215MB
<none>              <none>              32c99d82cf43        4 minutes ago        215MB
mycentos            1.01                c0cfb44a7745        2 hours ago          295MB
aaron/centos        1.0                 c20bce8652d2        7 hours ago          215MB
tomcat_aaron        1.0                 671de9f0cd4f        3 days ago           652MB
tomcat              9.0                 b4f6a90c69a4        4 days ago           647MB
tomcat              latest              b4f6a90c69a4        4 days ago           647MB
mysql               5.7                 8679ced16d20        4 days ago           448MB
nginx               latest              8cf1bfb43ff5        5 days ago           132MB
centos              latest              831691599b88        5 weeks ago          215MB
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker run -it 462e7d919412
.   .dockerenv    dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin    sys  usr
..  bin        etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   srv    tmp  var
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker run -it 462e7d919412 -l
docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:349: starting container process caused "exec: \"-l\": executable file not found in $PATH": unknown.
ERRO[0000] error waiting for container: context canceled

我们使用entrypoint方式来执行命令：

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# vim dockerfile-entrypoint
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# cat vim dockerfile-entrypoint 
cat: vim: 没有那个文件或目录
FROM centos
ENTYRPOINT ["ls","-a"]

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# cat dockerfile-entrypoint 
FROM centos
ENTRYPOINT ["ls","-a"]

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]#

我们在运行时加参数时就不会出错

[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker build -f dockerfile-entrypoint -t entrypoint-test .   #构建镜像
Sending build context to Docker daemon  4.096kB
Step 1/2 : FROM centos
 ---> 831691599b88
Step 2/2 : ENTRYPOINT ["ls","-a"]
 ---> Running in cff416af2740
Removing intermediate container cff416af2740
 ---> 1332ea7ae09c
Successfully built 1332ea7ae09c
Successfully tagged entrypoint-test:latest
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker run -it 1332ea7ae09c -t   #运行时加参数时不会出错，但使用CMD时是会出错的
dev   .   .dockerenv  sys   run  var  lost+found  home    lib64  mnt  sbin
proc  ..  etc          root  tmp  usr  bin      lib    media  opt  srv
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker run -it 1332ea7ae09c
.   .dockerenv    dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin    sys  usr
..  bin        etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   srv    tmp  var
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]# docker run -it 1332ea7ae09c -l
total 0
drwxr-xr-x.   1 root root   6 Jul 27 09:10 .
drwxr-xr-x.   1 root root   6 Jul 27 09:10 ..
-rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root   0 Jul 27 09:10 .dockerenv
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root   7 May 11  2019 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x.   5 root root 360 Jul 27 09:10 dev
drwxr-xr-x.   1 root root  66 Jul 27 09:10 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root   6 May 11  2019 home
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root   7 May 11  2019 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root   9 May 11  2019 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwx------.   2 root root   6 Jun 11 02:35 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root   6 May 11  2019 media
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root   6 May 11  2019 mnt
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root   6 May 11  2019 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 160 root root   0 Jul 27 09:10 proc
dr-xr-x---.   2 root root 162 Jun 11 02:35 root
drwxr-xr-x.  11 root root 163 Jun 11 02:35 run
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root   8 May 11  2019 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root   6 May 11  2019 srv
dr-xr-xr-x.  13 root root   0 Jul 24 03:29 sys
drwxrwxrwt.   7 root root 145 Jun 11 02:35 tmp
drwxr-xr-x.  12 root root 144 Jun 11 02:35 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  20 root root 262 Jun 11 02:35 var
[root@fengfang dockerfiles]#

 实战Tomcat

1、准备需用到的文件,jdk和tomcat文件以及readme.txt

[root@fengfang lxh]# ll
总用量 150716
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  11211292 7月  28 10:01 apache-tomcat-9.0.37.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       628 7月  28 10:22 Dockerfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143111803 7月  28 10:04 jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         0 7月  28 10:10 readme.txt
[root@fengfang lxh]#

2、生成Dockerfile文件，并输入下面这些命令

FROM centos
MAINTAINER aaron<liuxh616@126.com>
COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt
ADD jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.37.tar.gz /usr/local/

RUN yum -y install vim

ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH

ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_261
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar;$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
ENV CATALINA_HOME  /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37
ENV CATALINA_BASH  /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37
ENV PATH $PATH;$JAVA_HOME/bin;$CATALINA_lib;$CATALINA_HOME/bin

EXPOSE 8080

CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37/logs/catalina.out

3、构建镜像文件

[root@fengfang lxh]# docker build -f Dockerfile -t diytomcat .     #构建镜像   这里建议不加版本，默认就会latest，后续运行时也就不用再加版本号
Sending build context to Docker daemon  154.3MB
Step 1/15 : FROM centos
 ---> 831691599b88
Step 2/15 : MAINTAINER aaron<liuxh616@126.com>
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 872b0d94f40f
Step 3/15 : COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt
 ---> 3792dc8ee191
Step 4/15 : ADD jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
 ---> f7d38a3369c3
Step 5/15 : ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.37.tar.gz /usr/local/
 ---> 614bec8c110a
Step 6/15 : RUN yum -y install vim
 ---> Running in 1756750d1e03
CentOS-8 - AppStream                            1.4 MB/s | 5.8 MB     00:04    
CentOS-8 - Base                                 811 kB/s | 2.2 MB     00:02    
CentOS-8 - Extras                               329  B/s | 7.0 kB     00:21    
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package             Arch        Version                   Repository      Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 vim-enhanced        x86_64      2:8.0.1763-13.el8         AppStream      1.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 gpm-libs            x86_64      1.20.7-15.el8             AppStream       39 k
 vim-common          x86_64      2:8.0.1763-13.el8         AppStream      6.3 M
 vim-filesystem      noarch      2:8.0.1763-13.el8         AppStream       48 k
 which               x86_64      2.21-12.el8               BaseOS          49 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  5 Packages

Total download size: 7.8 M
Installed size: 31 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64.rpm        279 kB/s |  39 kB     00:00    
(2/5): vim-filesystem-8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch.rp 723 kB/s |  48 kB     00:00    
(3/5): which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64.rpm             343 kB/s |  49 kB     00:00    
(4/5): vim-enhanced-8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64.rpm  1.4 MB/s | 1.4 MB     00:00    
(5/5): vim-common-8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64.rpm    1.6 MB/s | 6.3 MB     00:04    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           169 kB/s | 7.8 MB     00:47     
warning: /var/cache/dnf/AppStream-02e86d1c976ab532/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8483c65d: NOKEY
CentOS-8 - AppStream                            1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB     00:00    
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
 Userid     : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Installing       : which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64                               1/5 
  Installing       : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch                2/5 
  Installing       : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                    3/5 
  Installing       : gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64                          4/5 
  Running scriptlet: gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64                          4/5 
  Installing       : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                  5/5 
  Running scriptlet: vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                  5/5 
  Running scriptlet: vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                    5/5 
  Verifying        : gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64                          1/5 
  Verifying        : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                    2/5 
  Verifying        : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64                  3/5 
  Verifying        : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch                4/5 
  Verifying        : which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64                               5/5 

Installed:
  gpm-libs-1.20.7-15.el8.x86_64         vim-common-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64    
  vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.x86_64 vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-13.el8.noarch
  which-2.21-12.el8.x86_64             

Complete!
Removing intermediate container 1756750d1e03
 ---> 68f2b6584227
Step 7/15 : ENV MYPATH /usr/local
 ---> Running in 9626734e80b4
Removing intermediate container 9626734e80b4
 ---> ca54555aa07e
Step 8/15 : WORKDIR $MYPATH
 ---> Running in def9afa94368
Removing intermediate container def9afa94368
 ---> 2fe98cd6b5a4
Step 9/15 : ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_261
 ---> Running in d11a3bbc9347
Removing intermediate container d11a3bbc9347
 ---> 580b4655df41
Step 10/15 : ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar;$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
 ---> Running in a662118a881f
Removing intermediate container a662118a881f
 ---> 0f0c3eed7b1e
Step 11/15 : ENV CATALINA_HOME  /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37
 ---> Running in 420471056ea1
Removing intermediate container 420471056ea1
 ---> eab3fe5b5696
Step 12/15 : ENV CATALINA_BASH  /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37
 ---> Running in 8d41a754060b
Removing intermediate container 8d41a754060b
 ---> 076f1418b8b9
Step 13/15 : ENV PATH $PATH;$JAVA_HOME/bin;$CATALINA_lib;$CATALINA_HOME/bin
 ---> Running in a7c7d3ee3d9a
Removing intermediate container a7c7d3ee3d9a
 ---> 7c66f716e0d2
Step 14/15 : EXPOSE 8080
 ---> Running in 8ccf00a03786
Removing intermediate container 8ccf00a03786
 ---> 86cba0d544b1
Step 15/15 : CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37/logs/catalina.out
 ---> Running in 14c24d5999b2
Removing intermediate container 14c24d5999b2
 ---> d023013d48b7
Successfully built d023013d48b7       #新镜像ID
Successfully tagged diytomcat:1.01

4、启动镜像，查看镜像列表

[root@fengfang ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
diytomcat           latest              d023013d48b7        30 minutes ago      641MB
entrypoint-test     latest              1332ea7ae09c        18 hours ago        215MB
cmdtest             latest              462e7d919412        18 hours ago        215MB
<none>              <none>              32c99d82cf43        18 hours ago        215MB
mycentos            1.01                c0cfb44a7745        20 hours ago        295MB
aaron/centos        1.0                 c20bce8652d2        25 hours ago        215MB
tomcat_aaron        1.0                 671de9f0cd4f        3 days ago          652MB
tomcat              9.0                 b4f6a90c69a4        4 days ago          647MB
tomcat              latest              b4f6a90c69a4        4 days ago          647MB
mysql               5.7                 8679ced16d20        5 days ago          448MB
nginx               latest              8cf1bfb43ff5        6 days ago          132MB
centos              latest              831691599b88        5 weeks ago         215MB
[root@fengfang ~]#

运行镜像命令：

docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name tomcat01 -v /home/lxh/test:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37/webapps/test -v /home/lxh/tomcatlogs:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.37/logs diytomcat #diytomcat为镜像名称

5、访问测试

[root@fengfang ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
7050fc938250        diytomcat:1.01      "/bin/sh -c ‘/usr/lo…"   7 minutes ago       Up 7 minutes        0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp   tomcat01
[root@fengfang ~]# curl localhost:8080



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8" />
        <title>Apache Tomcat/9.0.37</title>
        <link href="favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" />
        <link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" />
        <link href="tomcat.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    </head>

    <body>
        <div id="wrapper">
.........后面还有内容未展示出来

6、发布项目，因为做了挂载，所以直接在本地发布项目即可

创建目录 WEB-INF,然后创建web.xml文件，内容以下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                               http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
           version="2.5">

   

</web-app>

创建index.jsp文件，放在test目录下测试内容如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>首页</title>
<style>
    *{
    padding:0;
    margin:0;
    font-family:"微软雅黑";
}
.header{
    height:72px;
    background:#458fce ;
}
.header .logo{
    color:#fff ;
    line-height:70px;
    font-size:30px;
    margin-left:20px;
    display:inline-block;
    text-align:center;

}
a {
    color: #fff ;
    text-decoration: none ;
}
.header .login{
    float:right;
    color:#fff ;
    line-height:72px;
    margin-right:2px;
    display:inline-block;
}
.banner{
    height:380px;
    overflow:hidden;
    background: #ddd;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">
        <div class="logo">web实践</div>
        <div class ="login">
            <a href ="javascript:void(0)">登录</a>
            <span>|</span> 
            <a href ="javascript:void(0)">故事</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

通过命令：curl localhost:8080/test/index.jsp，则可以访问页面

我们还可以进入我们挂载的目录 ：/home/lxh/tomcatlogs目录下，访问 catalina.out日志文件，里面的日志也是正常写入的。

访问页面如下图所示：

技术图片

 

 发布自己的镜像

1、在地址https://hub.docker.com/中注册一个自己的账号，里面有个dockerid,需要自己填写一个数字，比如自己的19830616，和别人不重复就行

2、在邮箱确认后，保证这个账号能正常登陆的。

3、使用docker login -u liuxh616@126.com

再输入密码就可以登陆了

4、登陆成功后，使用docker push diytomcat:tag，提交镜像到服务器上

5，若镜像没有版本号，可以使用docker tag 镜像id 镜像名称:版本号，给镜像增加版本号

6、docker push 到服务器上，尽量要带上版本号如：

docker push diytomcat:1.01

将自己的镜像发布到阿里云上去

1、登陆阿里云

2、找到容器镜像服务

3、新建一个命名空间，再创建一个镜像容器，然后再根据文档说明进行推送即可

 技术图片

 

Docker的学习第六天

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lxhaaron/p/13385465.html
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