标签：cin pair ace space cto 数量级 href 特殊 cout
准备一个用来制作镜像的容器。这里我们使用centos安装apache的容器。容器的制作方法如下
# 1.使用centos启动一个交互式容器
docker run -it centos:latest /bin/bash
# 2.安装apache
yum -y install httpd
# 3.退出容器
exit
操作步骤如下：
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos:latest /bin/bash
[root@a554ba6ed056 /]# yum -y install httpd
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
...
mod_http2-1.11.3-3.module_el8.2.0+307+4d18d695.x86_64
Complete!
[root@a554ba6ed056 /]# exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a554ba6ed056 centos:latest "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Exited (0) 33 seconds ago musing_wilson
这里能看到我们的容器ID为
a554ba6ed056，就是用该容器，制作一个自己的镜像。
docker commit制作镜像语法如下：
docker commit <container的ID> <新的image_name>
示例如下：
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a554ba6ed056 centos:latest "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Exited (0) 33 seconds ago musing_wilson
[root@localhost ~]# docker commit a554ba6ed056 centos:apache
sha256:9cb1f6b6242fd29032772b9507505ed6fc953fbc31adf90e550af93b07823eed
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos apache 9cb1f6b6242f 9 seconds ago 255 MB
docker.io/centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos:apache /bin/bash
[root@61d98f417e87 /]# rpm -qa httpd
httpd-2.4.37-21.module_el8.2.0+382+15b0afa8.x86_64
当前的镜像ID为
a554ba6ed056，新的镜像的名称为centos:apache。
镜像创建成功后，进入镜像内部执行rpm -qa httpd，能正确的查询该软件包。
docker build制作镜像使用docker build创建镜像时，需要使用Dockerfile文件自动化制作镜像。Dockerfile的执行过程，很像源码编译时./configure后产生的Makefile。
创建工作目录
# 1.创建并进入目录
mkdir /docker-build && cd /docker-build
# 2.创建自动化构建文件
touch Dockerfile
make 自动化编译时需要
Makefile文件，自动化创建镜像时，也需要Dockerfile
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /docker-build && cd /docker-build
[root@localhost docker-build]# touch Dockerfile
[root@localhost docker-build]# ls -a
. .. Dockerfile
编辑Dockerfile文件
在Dockerfile文件中编辑自己的自定义镜像的操作，可以包含用户指定软件的依赖等。
使用vim将下列内容写入到Dockerfile文件中。
FROM centos:latest
MAINTAINER <hx@hxsen.com>
RUN yum -y install httpd
ADD start.sh /usr/local/bin/start.sh
ADD template /var/www/html/
CMD /usr/local/bin/start.sh
注释：
关键词 说明 FROM 基于哪个镜像 MAINTAINER MAINTAINER镜像创建者RUN yum -y install httpd安装软件用ADD 将文件[src]拷贝到新产生的镜像的文件系统对应的路径[dest]。所有拷贝到新镜像中的文件和文件夹权限为 0755,uid 和 gid 为 0 CMD docker实例启动成功后，会执行CMD后面的命令。所以CMD后面一般跟需要开机启动的服务或脚本。一个Dockerfile中只能有一条CMD命令，多条则只执行最后一条CMD
创建start.sh脚本启动的httpd服务和apache默认首页index.html文件
设置脚本
# 1. 设置启动脚本
echo "/usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND" > start.sh
# 2. 给启动脚本添加运行权限
chmod a+x start.sh
默认首页文件
# 创建模板目录
mkdir template
之后，将自己的index.html文件放置到template文件夹里面，我的index.html内容是hello world。
使用命令build来创建新的image
语法如下
docker build -t [父镜像名]:[镜像的tag] [Dockerfile文件所在路径]
-t：表示tag，镜像名
实例
docker build -t centos:httpd ./
[root@localhost docker-build]# docker build -t centos:httpd ./
Sending build context to Docker daemon 4.608 kB
Step 1/6 : FROM centos:latest
---> 831691599b88
Step 2/6 : MAINTAINER <hx@hxsen.com>
---> Running in 01ae32a4e2fd
---> acf758c5234d
Removing intermediate container 01ae32a4e2fd
Step 3/6 : RUN yum -y install httpd
---> Running in d3ecdcc793d5
...
Step 4/6 : ADD start.sh /usr/local/bin/start.sh
---> 05d06ac82917
Removing intermediate container 4e5992822142
Step 5/6 : ADD template /var/www/html/
---> b7b8b4efdc5b
Removing intermediate container 9cf72dd07cf8
Step 6/6 : CMD /usr/local/bin/start.sh
---> Running in 17973309cca9
---> 7e03de04b894
Removing intermediate container 17973309cca9
Successfully built 7e03de04b894
[root@localhost docker-build]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos httpd 7e03de04b894 4 minutes ago 255 MB
docker.io/centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215 MB
执行成功。内容挺多的，只保留了关键的步骤。列出所有的镜像后，能看到自己的TAG为httpd的镜像。
docker save -o [导出的镜像名.tar] [本地镜像名]：[镜像标签]
docker save -o docker-centos-httpd-image.tar centos:httpd
[root@localhost ~]# docker save -o docker-centos-httpd-image.tar centos:httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ls -a
. abc.txt .bash_history .bash_profile .cshrc docker-centos-httpd-image.tar .tcshrc .viminfo
.. anaconda-ks.cfg .bash_logout .bashrc def.txt .pki test.txt
docker-centos-httpd-image.tar。docker load -i [本地tar包文件]
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos httpd 7e03de04b894 20 minutes ago 255 MB
docker.io/centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 7e03de04b894
Untagged: centos:httpd
Deleted: sha256:7e03de04b894cff137074740df18ac967e681ce022636707890b2ad1e896364d
...
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker load -i docker-centos-httpd-image.tar
d25caed0fdbe: Loading layer [==================================================>] 39.81 MB/39.81 MB
805e763ef330: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584 kB/3.584 kB
b1f7a1e7f61a: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584 kB/3.584 kB
Loaded image: centos:httpd
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos httpd 7e03de04b894 22 minutes ago 255 MB
docker.io/centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215 MB
这里将镜像发布到hub.docker.com，docker的官方仓库。
https://hub.docker.com/注册账号。docker login -u houxin -p 123456
[root@localhost ~]# docker login -u houxin -p 123456
Login Succeeded
docker push houxin/centos:httpd
houxin/centos:httpd。然后再发布就行了。docker tag centos:httpd houxin/centos:httpd
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag centos:httpd houxin/centos:httpd
[root@localhost ~]# docker push houxin/centos:httpd
The push refers to a repository [docker.io/houxin/centos:httpd]
b1f7a1e7f61a: Pushed
805e763ef330: Pushed
d25caed0fdbe: Pushed
eb29745b8228: Mounted from library/centos
latest: digest: sha256:6c17e3ace7397a56f023bbc322e404bd6a4aa44492e3f5dd9b8852f312e9348e size: 1155
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
houxin/centos httpd 7e03de04b894 About an hour ago 255 MB
centos-httpd latest 7e03de04b894 About an hour ago 255 MB
centos httpd 7e03de04b894 About an hour ago 255 MB
docker.io/centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215 MB
houxin/centos下的TAG为httpd的镜像。docker pull houxin/centos:httpd
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull houxin/centos:httpd
Trying to pull repository docker.io/houxin/centos ...
httpd: Pulling from docker.io/houxin/centos
Digest: sha256:6c17e3ace7397a56f023bbc322e404bd6a4aa44492e3f5dd9b8852f312e9348e
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/houxin/centos:httpd
2020hdu多校第六场1006A Very Easy Graph Problem
标签：cin pair ace space cto 数量级 href 特殊 cout
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/sunjianzhao/p/13452030.html
