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基础命令操作
启动zk服务
./zkServer.sh start
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[root@localhost bin]# ./zkServer.sh
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Usage: ./zkServer.sh {start|start-foreground|stop|restart|status|upgrade|print-cmd}

提示要以./zkCli.sh start 启动zk

./zkCli.sh start
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查看zk的运行状态
./zkServer.sh status 由于我已经配置了zk的集群，所以此处显示状态为leader
[root@localhost bin]# ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

客户端链接zk
[root@localhost bin]# ./zkCli.sh
......
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0]
help 查看客户端帮助命令
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] help
ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
stat path [watch]
set path data [version]
ls path [watch]
delquota [-n|-b] path
ls2 path [watch]
setAcl path acl
setquota -n|-b val path
history
redo cmdno
printwatches on|off
delete path [version]
sync path
listquota path
rmr path
get path [watch]
create [-s] [-e] path data acl
addauth scheme auth
quit
getAcl path
close
connect host:port
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1]
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ls 查看
ls 查看命令(niocoder是我测试集群创建的节点，默认只有zookeeper一个节点)
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[niocoder, zookeeper]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /zookeeper
[quota]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /zookeeper/quota
[]
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get 获取节点数据和更新信息
get内容为空
cZxid ：创建节点的id
ctime ： 节点的创建时间
mZxid ：修改节点的id
mtime ：修改节点的时间
pZxid ：子节点的id
cversion : 子节点的版本
dataVersion ： 当前节点数据的版本
aclVersion ：权限的版本
ephemeralOwner ：判断是否是临时节点
dataLength ： 数据的长度
numChildren ：子节点的数量
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] get /zookeeper #下面空行说明节点内容为空

cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8]
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stat 获得节点的更新信息
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] stat /zookeeper
cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
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2 ls命令和stat命令的整合
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] ls2 /zookeeper
[quota]
cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1970
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11]
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create 创建节点
create [-s] [-e] path data acl 可以注意一下各个版本的变化
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创建merryyou节点，节点的内容为merryyou

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /merryyou merryyou
Created /merryyou

获得merryyou节点内容

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] get /merryyou
merryyou
cZxid = 0x200000004
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x200000004
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000004
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 8
numChildren = 0
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create -s 创建顺序节点 自动累加

创建顺序节点，顺序节点会自动累加

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create -s /merryyou/sec seq
Created /merryyou/sec0000000001
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create -s /merryyou/sec seq
Created /merryyou/sec0000000002

set path data [version] 修改节点
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] get /merryyou
merryyou
cZxid = 0x200000004
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x200000004
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000009
cversion = 4
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 8
numChildren = 2

修改节点内容为new-merryyou

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] set /merryyou new-merryyou
cZxid = 0x200000004
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x20000000a
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:29:23 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000009
cversion = 4
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 12
numChildren = 2

再次查询，节点内容已经修改

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /merryyou
new-merryyou
cZxid = 0x200000004
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x20000000a
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:29:23 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000009
cversion = 4
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 12
numChildren = 2

set 根据版本号更新 dataVersion 乐观锁

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] set /merryyou test-merryyou 1
cZxid = 0x200000004
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:20:06 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x20000000b
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:31:30 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000009
cversion = 4
dataVersion = 2
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 13
numChildren = 2

因为数据的版本号已经修改为2 再次使用版本号1修改节点提交错误

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10] set /merryyou test-merryyou 1
version No is not valid : /merryyou
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delete path [version] 删除节点
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] delete /merryyou/sec000000000

sec0000000001 sec0000000002
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] delete /merryyou/sec0000000001
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] ls /merryyou
[sec0000000002]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15]

版本号操作与set类似 version

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watcher通知机制
关于watcher机制大体的理解可以为，当每个节点发生变化，都会触发watcher事件，类似于mysql的触发器。zk中 watcher是一次性的，触发后立即销毁。可以参考https://blog.csdn.net/hohoo1990/article/details/78617336

• stat path [watch] 设置watch事件
• get path [watch]设置watch事件
• 子节点创建和删除时触发watch事件，子节点修改不会触发该事件

stat path [watch] 设置watch事件

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添加watch 事件

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] stat /longfei watch
Node does not exist: /longfei

创建longfei节点时触发watcher事件

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] create /longfei test

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeCreated path:/longfei
Created /longfei
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get path [watch] 设置watch事件
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使用get命令添加watch事件

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20] get /longfei watch
test
cZxid = 0x20000000e
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x20000000e
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x20000000e
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0

修改节点触发watcher事件

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 21] set /longfei new_test

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/longfei
cZxid = 0x20000000e
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x20000000f
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:45:06 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x20000000e
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 8
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22]

删除触发watcher事件

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23] get /longfei watch
new_test
cZxid = 0x20000000e
ctime = Sat Jun 02 14:43:15 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x20000000f
mtime = Sat Jun 02 14:45:06 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x20000000e
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 8
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 24] delete /longfei

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDeleted path:/longfei
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 25]
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ACL权限控制
ZK的节点有5种操作权限：CREATE、READ、WRITE、DELETE、ADMIN 也就是 增、删、改、查、管理权限，这5种权限简写为crwda(即：每个单词的首字符缩写)。
注：这5种权限中，delete是指对子节点的删除权限，其它4种权限指对自身节点的操作权限

身份的认证有4种方式：

• world：默认方式，相当于全世界都能访问
• auth：代表已经认证通过的用户(cli中可以通过addauth digest user:pwd 来添加当前上下文中的授权用户)
• digest：即用户名:密码这种方式认证，这也是业务系统中最常用的
• ip：使用Ip地址认证

使用[scheme??permissions]来表示acl权限

getAcl:获取某个节点的acl权限信息

获取节点权限信息默认为 world:cdrwa任何人都可以访问

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 34] getAcl /merryyou
‘world,‘anyone
: cdrwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 35]

setAcl 设置权限
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 35] create /merryyou/test test
Created /merryyou/test
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 36] getAcl /merryyou/test
‘world,‘anyone
: cdrwa

设置节点权限 crwa 不允许删除

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 37] setAcl /merryyou/test world:anyone:crwa
cZxid = 0x200000018
ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x200000018
mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000018
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0

查询刚才设置的acl权限信息 crwa 没有删除权限

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 38] getAcl /merryyou/test
‘world,‘anyone
: crwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 39]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 39] create /merryyou/test/abc abc
Created /merryyou/test/abc

删除子节点的时候提交权限不足

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 40] delete /merryyou/test/abc
Authentication is not valid : /merryyou/test/abc

设置节点的权限信息为rda

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 41] setAcl /merryyou/test world:anyone:rda
cZxid = 0x200000018
ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x200000018
mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x20000001a
cversion = 1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 2
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 1
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 42] getAcl /merryyou/test
‘world,‘anyone
: dra

可以成功删除

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 43] delete /merryyou/test/abc
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 46] ls /merryyou/test
[]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 47]

设置节点信息为a admin

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 47] setAcl /merryyou/test world:anyone:a
cZxid = 0x200000018
ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x200000018
mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:18:18 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x20000001d
cversion = 2
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 3
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0

获取 设置都提示权限不足

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 49] get /merryyou/test
Authentication is not valid : /merryyou/test
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 50] set /merryyou/test 123
Authentication is not valid : /merryyou/test
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 51]
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acl Auth 密码明文设置
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 53] create /niocoder/merryyou merryyou
Created /niocoder/merryyou

查询默认节点权限信息

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 54] getAcl /niocoder/merryyou
‘world,‘anyone
: cdrwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 55]

使用auth设置节点权限信息

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] setAcl /niocoder/merryyou auth:test:test:cdrwa
Acl is not valid : /niocoder/merryyou

注册test:test 账号密码

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] addauth digest test:test
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] setAcl /niocoder/merryyou auth:test:test:cdrwa
cZxid = 0x200000020
ctime = Sat Jun 02 16:32:08 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x200000020
mtime = Sat Jun 02 16:32:08 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x200000020
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 8
numChildren = 0

查询节点权限信息 密码为密文格式

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] getAcl /niocoder/merryyou
‘digest,‘test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=
: cdrwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]
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acl digest 密码密文设置
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] create /names test
Created /names
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] getAcl /names
‘world,‘anyone
: cdrwa

使用digest设置节点的权限信息 密码为test密文

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] setAcl /names digest:test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=:cdra
cZxid = 0x400000006
ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x400000006
mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x400000006
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0

查询节点权限信息

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] getAcl /names
‘digest,‘test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug=
: cdra

获取节点信息提示权限不足

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /names
Authentication is not valid : /names

注册账户

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] addauth digest test:test

可以正常获取

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 17] get /names
test
cZxid = 0x400000006
ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x400000006
mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:01:17 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x400000006
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 0

由于没有设置写权限不能修改节点 w

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] set /names 111
Authentication is not valid : /names
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] delete /names
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20]
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acl ip 控制客户端
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[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22] create /niocoder/ip aa
Created /niocoder/ip
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23] get /niocoder/ip
aa
cZxid = 0x40000000a
ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x40000000a
mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x40000000a
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0

添加ip控制的权限信息

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 24] setAcl /niocoder/ip ip:192.168.0.68:cdrwa
cZxid = 0x40000000a
ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x40000000a
mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x40000000a
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 25] getAcl /niocoder/ip
‘ip,‘192.168.0.68
: cdrwa
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 26]
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acl super超级管理员
使用super权限需要修改zkServer.sh，添加super管理员，重启zkServer.sh

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"-Dzookeeper.DigestAuthenticationProvider.superDigest=test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug="
nohup "$JAVA" "-Dzookeeper.log.dir=${ZOO_LOG_DIR}" "-Dzookeeper.root.logger=${ZOO_LOG4J_PROP}" "-Dzookeeper.DigestAuthenticationprovider.superDigest=test:V28q/NynI4JI3Rk54h0r8O5kMug="
-cp "$CLASSPATH" $JVMFLAGS $ZOOMAIN "$ZOOCFG" > "$_ZOO_DAEMON_OUT" 2>&1 < /dev/null &

重启进入zkCli

由于之前设置ip权限，所以不允许访问

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /niocoder/ip
Authentication is not valid : /niocoder/ip

登录账号信息，即为管理员账号

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] addauth digest test:test

正常访问，节点内容为空

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /niocoder/ip
[]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] get /niocoder/ip
aa
cZxid = 0x40000000a
ctime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
mZxid = 0x40000000a
mtime = Sun Jun 03 01:06:47 UTC 2018
pZxid = 0x40000000a
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 1
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6]
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四字命令Four Letter Words
使用四字命令需要安装nc命令,(yum install nc)
stat 查看状态信息
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[root@localhost bin]# echo stat | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
Zookeeper version: 3.4.11-37e277162d567b55a07d1755f0b31c32e93c01a0, built on 11/01/2017 18:06 GMT
Clients:
/192.168.0.68:493460

Latency min/avg/max: 0/0/4
Received: 62
Sent: 61
Connections: 1
Outstanding: 0
Zxid: 0x50000000a
Mode: follower
Node count: 10
[root@localhost bin]#
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ruok 查看zookeeper是否启动
[root@localhost bin]# echo ruok | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
imok[root@localhost bin]#

dump 列出没有处理的节点，临时节点
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imok[root@localhost bin]# echo dump | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
SessionTracker dump:
org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.LearnerSessionTracker@29805957
ephemeral nodes dump:
Sessions with Ephemerals (0):
[root@localhost bin]#
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conf 查看服务器配置
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[root@localhost bin]# echo conf | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
clientPort=2181
dataDir=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/data/version-2
dataLogDir=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/data/version-2
tickTime=2000
maxClientCnxns=60
minSessionTimeout=4000
maxSessionTimeout=40000
serverId=2
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
electionAlg=3
electionPort=3888
quorumPort=2888
peerType=0
[root@localhost bin]#
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cons 显示连接到服务端的信息
[root@localhost bin]# echo cons | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
/192.168.0.68:493540

[root@localhost bin]#

envi 显示环境变量信息
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[root@localhost bin]# echo envi | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
Environment:
zookeeper.version=3.4.11-37e277162d567b55a07d1755f0b31c32e93c01a0, built on 11/01/2017 18:06 GMT
host.name=localhost
java.version=1.8.0_111
java.vendor=Oracle Corporation
java.home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111/jre
java.class.path=/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../build/classes:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../build/lib/.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.5.Final.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../lib/audience-annotations-0.5.0.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.11.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../src/java/lib/.jar:/usr/home/zookeeper-3.4.11/bin/../conf:
java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
java.compiler=

wchs 展示watch的信息
[root@localhost bin]# echo wchs | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
0 connections watching 0 paths
Total watches:0
[root@localhost bin]#

wchc和wchp 显示session的watch信息 path的watch信息
需要在 配置zoo.cfg文件中添加 4lw.commands.whitelist=*
[root@localhost bin]# echo wchc | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
wchc is not executed because it is not in the whitelist.
[root@localhost bin]# echo wchp | nc 192.168.0.68 2181
wchp is not executed because it is not in the whitelist.

Zookeeper基础命令操作

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/axinglog/p/13659372.html