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美语中级 L005:Bungee jumping 解析

时间:2020-09-18 17:17:15      阅读:44      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:疑问   ast   real   with   and   think   tin   about   eth   

一、阅读释疑

■ Bungee jumping looks like fun.

  • 主:Bungee jumping(动名词作主语,表已知的事实或经验。)
  • 谓:look like。
  • 宾:fun.
  1. 感官动词之后一律用形容词(或可作形容词用的分词)作表语。
  2. 感官动词后绝不可用名词作表词,因为其本身为不及物动词,若要与名词连用,可使用 “look/sound/smell/taste/feel + like(像,介词) + 名词” 句型。之后的名词作介词宾语。

■ It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it.

= Just to watch someone do it makes me nervous.

  • 形主:it
  • 谓:make(不完全及物动词)
  • 宾:me.
  • 宾补:nervous(adj.作 me 宾语补足语。)
  • 主:to watch someone do it.
    • 虚词:to
    • 谓:watch
    • 宾:someone
    • 宾补:do it.

jsut:副词,起强调作用,

不定式分析: watch(vt.看)接宾语 someone, 另接动词原形 do 作宾语补足语,it 作 do 宾语。
:someone 为第三人称单数,按理应该使用 does,因受到 watch 的及物动词的影响,英语中感官动词接了宾语后,可用动词原形作宾语补足语,表已发生的事实;或使用现在分词作宾语补足语,表进行的状态;亦可用过去分词作宾语补足语,表被动的概念。

■ It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water with only a rop tied to your legs.

  • 句型:It takes + 表条件的名词 + to + 动词原形:从事...需要...的条件
  • 形主:it 为虚主语,代替不定式 to jump one thousand feet above the water(to + 动词原形)。
  • 状:certainly
  • 谓:takes
  • 定:a lot of
  • 宾:guts
  • 主:to jump one thousand feet above the water
    • 虚词:to
    • 谓:jump
    • 后定:one thousand feet above the water(修饰 to jump)
  • 伴状:with only a rop tied to your legs(= with only a rop which is tied to your legs)
    • 介:with
    • 状:only
    • 宾:a rop
    • 宾补:tied to your legs(过去分词短语,作形容词用修饰名词 a rop. 而tied 之前省略了 which is。)
      • 谓:tied to
      • 宾:your legs

:with 复合结构作伴随状语,结构:“with + 宾语 + 形容词/介词短语/分词/副词(作宾语补语)”。

guts:要用复数,习惯性用法。

■ It scares me just to think about it .

  • 形主:it
  • 谓:scare.
  • 宾:me.
  • 状:just
  • 主:to think about it .
    • 虚词:to
    • 谓:think about
    • 宾:it .

■ However, it is something I really want to do one day.

= However, it is something which I really want to do some day.
= However, it is something (that) I really want to do one day.

  • 状:However(连接性副词,However 使用时,之前必须要有分号或句点,其后通常要加逗号。亦可插入句中,两旁边以逗号相隔。)
  • 主:it(指 Bungee jumping)
  • 系:is
  • 表:something.
  • 定从:I really want to do one day.(作后置定语,修饰 something)
    • 主:I
    • 状:really
    • 谓:want
    • 宾:to do
    • 时状:one day.

one day:有一天, 常用于过去式
some day:某一天, 常用于将来时

■ Some people think I‘m crazy.

= Some people think that I‘m crazy.

  • 主:some people.
  • 谓:think
  • 宾:(that)I‘m crazy.(名从,that在口语或非正式文体中常省略。)
    • 引:that
    • 主:I
    • 系:am
    • 表:crazy.

■ They say to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness.

= They say to jump is foolish enough but that to have to pay for it is madness.
= They say that to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness.
= They say it is foolish enough to jump, but it is madness to have to pay for it.

  • 主:they
  • 谓:say
  • 宾从1:(that)to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness.
    • 引:that
    • 主:to jump
      • 虚词:to
      • 谓:jump
    • 系:is
    • 表:foolish enough,
  • 连:but
  • 宾从2:(that)to have to pay for it is madness.
    • 主:to have to pay for it
      • 虚词:to
      • 谓:have
      • 宾:to pay for it
        • 虚词:to
        • 谓:pay for
        • 宾:it
    • 系:is
    • 表:madness.madness.

:that 引导的名词从句 to jump is foolish enough 做宾语. but 连接对等从句,所以两个句子共同作为宾语。

■ I don‘t agree.

  • 句型:否定句
  • 主:I
  • 谓:don‘t agree.

■ For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one.

= For me, it is far better to live a short and exciting life than to live a long and boring one.

  • 目状:For me,
  • 主:to live a short and exciting life
  • 系:is
  • 表:far better
  • 目状:than to live a long and boring one。(one 指 life,避免重复,使用 one 代替。)
    • 介:than
    • 宾:to live a long and boring one。
      • 虚词:to
      • 谓:live
      • 宾:a long and boring one。

better than...:形容词比较级结构。than 介词还是连词,取决于后面是名词还是句子。

■ What do you think?

  • 句型:what 引导的特殊疑问句。
  • 疑、宾:What
  • 助:do
  • 主:you
  • 谓:think

二、扩展词汇

  • be tied to = be bound(bind) to:被...绑在
    That poor dog is tied/bound to the fence, he can not run away.
  • be scared of = be frightened of:害怕
    Peter is scared of snakes.
    He scared me to death.

三、语法

  1. 介绍用虚主语 it 代替不定式短语作主语的用法。
  2. 不定式短语直接作主语的用法。
  3. “It takes + 表条件的名词 + to + 原型动词”句型用法。
  4. 知觉动词的用法。

以上语法详见教材讲解。

美语中级 L005:Bungee jumping 解析

标签:疑问   ast   real   with   and   think   tin   about   eth   

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ninth/p/13690756.html

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