标签:rip 验证 sys protect 地址 com tps cer src
Ribbon是Netflix Ribbon实现的一套客户端负载均衡的工具。主要提供客户端的软件负载均衡和服务调用。
Ribbon客户端提供一系列完善的配置项如连接超时,重试等。简单的说,就是在配置文件中列出LoadBalancer(简称LB)后面所有的机器,Ribbon会基于某种规则(轮询、随机连接)等去连接这些机器。也可以实现自定义的负载均衡算法。
Ribbon属于进程内的LB,集成于消费方进程,消费方通过它来获取到服务提供方的地址。在Java中对应的就是负载均衡+RestTemplate调用。
git地址:https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon
Ribbon的LB的IRule核心类如下:
主要实现有:
RandomRule:随机
RoundRobinRule:轮询
RetryRule:先按照轮询策略获取,如果获取失败会在指定时间内进行重试
WeightedResponseTimeRule:对RoundRobinRule轮询的扩展,响应速度越快的权重越大,越容易被选中
BestAvailableRule:会过滤掉多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸状态的服务,然后选择一个并发量最小的服务
AvailabilityFilteringRule:过滤掉故障实例然后选择并发较小的实例
ZoneAvoidanceRule:默认规则,复合判断server所在区域的性能和server的可用性选择服务器
package cn.qz.cloud.config; import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; /** * 注入一个bean */ @Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig { @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } }
在getRestTemplate增加@LoadBalanced注解即可实现负载均衡。默认的是轮询算法。验证的话可以通过订单(消费者模块)调用支付模块(服务提供者)根据服务的端口等信息来测试。
1. 修改全局默认的负载均衡算法
package cn.qz.cloud.config; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule; import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; /** * 注入一个bean */ @Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig { @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } @Bean public IRule myRule() { // 修改全局默认的负载均衡算法(轮询)义为随机 return new RandomRule(); } }
注入一个新的IRule对象即可修改全局的负载均衡策略。
2.针对单个服务修改负载均衡策略
这里需要注意:配置类所在的包不能在SpringBoot主启动类所在的包以及子包。SpringBoot启动的时候默认的时候扫描的是启动类所在的包以及其子包,所以如果放在当前包或者子包会替换全局的负载均衡策略。
对单个服务设置的负载均衡策略>全局的负载均衡策略
package cn.ribbon.rules; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class MyLoadBalanceRule { @Bean public IRule myRule() { // 定义为轮询 return new RoundRobinRule(); } }
SpringBoot主启动类增加注解:(可以用单个注解,也可以用多个注解声明多个服务采用不同的负载规则)
package cn.qz.cloud; import cn.ribbon.rules.MyLoadBalanceRule; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClients; /** * 启动类 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient // 可以使用注解数组定义多个,也可以使用单个注解定义单个规则 @RibbonClients(@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE", configuration = MyLoadBalanceRule.class)) //@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MyLoadBalanceRule.class) public class OrderConsumerMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderConsumerMain80.class, args); } }
3. 定义自己的负载均衡规则
根据RandomRule随机负载均衡算法模仿着写一个即可。
(1) 查看RandomRule类的源码如下:
// // Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA // (powered by Fernflower decompiler) // package com.netflix.loadbalancer; import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig; import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressWarnings; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom; public class RandomRule extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule { public RandomRule() { } @SuppressWarnings({"RCN_REDUNDANT_NULLCHECK_OF_NULL_VALUE"}) public Server choose(ILoadBalancer lb, Object key) { if (lb == null) { return null; } else { Server server = null; while(server == null) { if (Thread.interrupted()) { return null; } List<Server> upList = lb.getReachableServers(); List<Server> allList = lb.getAllServers(); int serverCount = allList.size(); if (serverCount == 0) { return null; } int index = this.chooseRandomInt(serverCount); server = (Server)upList.get(index); if (server == null) { Thread.yield(); } else { if (server.isAlive()) { return server; } server = null; Thread.yield(); } } return server; } } protected int chooseRandomInt(int serverCount) { return ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(serverCount); } public Server choose(Object key) { return this.choose(this.getLoadBalancer(), key); } public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig) { } }
(2) 编写自己的规则:实现每个服务调用3次的轮询算法
轮询规则:
package cn.ribbon.rules; import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.AbstractLoadBalancerRule; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ILoadBalancer; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; public class CustomRandomRule extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule { /** * 每个服务调用的次数 */ private int serverCallTimes = 3; /** * 总共调用的次数 */ private AtomicInteger total = new AtomicInteger(-1); /** * 当前的下标 */ private AtomicInteger currentIndex = new AtomicInteger(0); public Server choose(ILoadBalancer lb, Object key) { if (lb == null) { return null; } Server server = null; while (server == null) { if (Thread.interrupted()) { return null; } // 可用列表 List<Server> upList = lb.getReachableServers(); // 所有服务列表 List<Server> allList = lb.getAllServers(); int serverCount = allList.size(); if (serverCount == 0) { return null; } // 修改总次数以及下次需要取的下标:total++;根据 total % serverCallTimes == 0 ,下标移动 int totalNum = total.intValue(); if (totalNum == Integer.MAX_VALUE) { total.set(-1); totalNum = 0; } total.addAndGet(1); if (totalNum % serverCallTimes == 0) { // 判断当前的下标 if (currentIndex.intValue() == allList.size() - 1) { currentIndex.set(0); } else { currentIndex.addAndGet(1); } } server = upList.get(currentIndex.intValue()); System.out.println("key: " + key + "\tcurrentIndex: " + currentIndex.intValue() + "\ttotal" + total.intValue()) ; if (server == null) { Thread.yield(); continue; } if (server.isAlive()) { return (server); } server = null; Thread.yield(); } return server; } @Override public Server choose(Object key) { return choose(getLoadBalancer(), key); } @Override public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig) { } }
使用自己定义的规则:
package cn.ribbon.rules; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class MyLoadBalanceRule { @Bean public IRule myRule() {// 定义为自定义的负载均衡算法 return new CustomRandomRule(); } }
主启动类设置:
package cn.qz.cloud; import cn.ribbon.rules.MyLoadBalanceRule; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClients; /** * 启动类 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient // 可以使用注解数组定义多个,也可以使用单个注解定义单个规则 @RibbonClients(@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE", configuration = MyLoadBalanceRule.class)) //@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MyLoadBalanceRule.class) public class OrderConsumerMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderConsumerMain80.class, args); } }
源码如下:
// // Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA // (powered by Fernflower decompiler) // package com.netflix.loadbalancer; import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class RoundRobinRule extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule { private AtomicInteger nextServerCyclicCounter; private static final boolean AVAILABLE_ONLY_SERVERS = true; private static final boolean ALL_SERVERS = false; private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RoundRobinRule.class); public RoundRobinRule() { this.nextServerCyclicCounter = new AtomicInteger(0); } public RoundRobinRule(ILoadBalancer lb) { this(); this.setLoadBalancer(lb); } public Server choose(ILoadBalancer lb, Object key) { if (lb == null) { log.warn("no load balancer"); return null; } else { Server server = null; int count = 0; while(true) { if (server == null && count++ < 10) { List<Server> reachableServers = lb.getReachableServers(); List<Server> allServers = lb.getAllServers(); int upCount = reachableServers.size(); int serverCount = allServers.size(); if (upCount != 0 && serverCount != 0) { int nextServerIndex = this.incrementAndGetModulo(serverCount); server = (Server)allServers.get(nextServerIndex); if (server == null) { Thread.yield(); } else { if (server.isAlive() && server.isReadyToServe()) { return server; } server = null; } continue; } log.warn("No up servers available from load balancer: " + lb); return null; } if (count >= 10) { log.warn("No available alive servers after 10 tries from load balancer: " + lb); } return server; } } } private int incrementAndGetModulo(int modulo) { int current; int next; do { current = this.nextServerCyclicCounter.get(); next = (current + 1) % modulo; } while(!this.nextServerCyclicCounter.compareAndSet(current, next)); return next; } public Server choose(Object key) { return this.choose(this.getLoadBalancer(), key); } public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig) { } }
核心的是choose方法。方法里面进行一堆验证之后调用incrementAndGetModulo方法获得了本次提供服务的server的索引。
incrementAndGetModulo放啊里面是使用类似于自旋锁的概念。用 (当前调用次数+1)%server数量 得到下标。
定义一个接口:
package cn.qz.cloud.loadbalance; import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance; import java.util.List; public interface LoadBalancer { ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances); }
实现类如下:
package cn.qz.cloud.loadbalance; import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; @Component public class MyLoadBalancerImpl implements LoadBalancer { private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(0); public final int getAndIncrement() { int current; int next; do { current = this.atomicInteger.get(); next = current >= 2147483647 ? 0 : current + 1; } while (!this.atomicInteger.compareAndSet(current, next)); System.out.println("****第几次访问,次数next: " + next); return next; } // 负载均衡轮询算法,rest接口第几次请求数 % 服务器集群总数 = 实际调用服务器位置下标 @Override public ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances) { int index = getAndIncrement() % serviceInstances.size(); return serviceInstances.get(index); } }
修改restTemplate取消负载均衡:
package cn.qz.cloud.config; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule; import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule; import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; /** * 注入一个bean */ @Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig { @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } }
修改Controller增加lb测试接口:
package cn.qz.cloud.controller; import cn.qz.cloud.bean.Payment; import cn.qz.cloud.loadbalance.LoadBalancer; import cn.qz.cloud.utils.JSONResultUtil; import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.net.URI; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; /** * @Author: qlq * @Description * @Date: 22:09 2020/9/25 */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/consumer") public class OrderController { private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Resource private LoadBalancer loadBalancer; @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; @GetMapping("/pay/lb") public JSONResultUtil<String> lb() { // 通过容器中的 discoveryClient和服务名来获取服务集群 List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"); if (instances == null || instances.size() <= 0) { return null; } // 传入服务集群来计算出获取具体的服务实例 ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances); URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri(); return restTemplate.getForObject(uri + "/pay/getServerPort", JSONResultUtil.class); } }
主启动类取消负载均衡设置:
package cn.qz.cloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; /** * 启动类 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient // 可以使用注解数组定义多个,也可以使用单个注解定义单个规则 //@RibbonClients(@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE", configuration = MyLoadBalanceRule.class)) //@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MyLoadBalanceRule.class) public class OrderConsumerMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderConsumerMain80.class, args); } }
启动测试即可。注意需要注释掉restTemplate的loadBalance,而且不能和原来的接口一起使用,因为原来的接口基于loadBalance的负载均衡来替换URL中的服务名称。
标签:rip 验证 sys protect 地址 com tps cer src
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/13823705.html