标签:redirect 执行 一对多 field min proc idt cts ret
案例效果如下:
打开booktest/models.py文件,定义模型类如下
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
# 定义书籍模型类
class BookInfo(models.Model):
btitle = models.CharField(max_length=20) # 书籍名称
bpub_date = models.DateField() # 发布日期
bread = models.IntegerField(default=0) # 阅读量
bcomment = models.IntegerField(default=0) # 评论量
isDelete = models.BooleanField(default=False) # 逻辑删除
# 定义英雄模型类
class HeroInfo(models.Model):
hname = models.CharField(max_length=20) # 英雄姓名
hgender = models.BooleanField(default=True) # 英雄性别,True为男
hcomment = models.CharField(max_length=200) # 英雄描述信息
hbook = models.ForeignKey(BookInfo, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING) # 英雄与书籍关系为一对多
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
表bookinfo结构如下:
注意:默认值并不在数据库层面生效,而是在django创建对象时生效。
表booktest_heroinfo结构如下:
注意:Django框架会根据关系属性生成一个关系字段,并创建外键约束。
在数据库命令行中,复制如下语句执行,向booktest_bookinfo和booktest_heroinfo表中插入测试数据:
insert into booktest_bookinfo(id,btitle,bpub_date,bread,bcomment,isDelete) values
(1,‘射雕英雄传‘,‘1980-5-1‘,12,34,0),
(2,‘天龙八部‘,‘1986-7-24‘,36,40,0),
(3,‘笑傲江湖‘,‘1995-12-24‘,20,80,0),
(4,‘雪山飞狐‘,‘1987-11-11‘,58,24,0);
insert into booktest_heroinfo(hname,hgender,hbook_id,hcomment) values
(‘郭靖‘,1,1,‘左右互搏‘),
(‘黄蓉‘,0,1,‘打狗棍法‘),
(‘黄药师‘,1,1,‘弹指神通‘),
(‘欧阳锋‘,1,1,‘蛤蟆功‘),
(‘梅超风‘,0,1,‘九阴白骨爪‘),
(‘乔峰‘,1,2,‘降龙十八掌‘),
(‘段誉‘,1,2,‘六脉神剑‘),
(‘虚竹‘,1,2,‘天山六阳掌‘),
(‘王语嫣‘,0,2,‘神仙姐姐‘),
(‘令狐冲‘,1,3,‘独孤九剑‘),
(‘任盈盈‘,0,3,‘弹琴‘),
(‘岳不群‘,1,3,‘华山剑法‘),
(‘东方不败‘,0,3,‘葵花宝典‘),
(‘胡斐‘,1,4,‘胡家刀法‘),
(‘苗若兰‘,0,4,‘黄衣‘),
(‘程灵素‘,0,4,‘医术‘),
(‘袁紫衣‘,0,4,‘六合拳‘);
打开booktest/views.py文件,定义视图代码如下:
import datetime
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, get_object_or_404
from booktest.models import BookInfo, HeroInfo
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
# Create your views here.
# 查看所有书籍
def index(request):
books = BookInfo.objects.all()
context = {‘title‘: ‘书籍列表‘, ‘books‘: books}
return render(request, ‘booktest/index.html‘, context)
# 新增书籍
def create(request):
book = BookInfo()
book.btitle = "流星蝴蝶剑"
book.bpub_date = datetime.date(1995, 12, 30)
book.bread = 0
book.bcomment = 0
book.save()
return redirect("/booktest/")
# 删除书籍
def delete(request, bid):
# try:
# book = BookInfo.objects.get(id=int(bid))
# book.delete()
# return redirect("/booktest/index")
# except:
# raise Http404("书籍不存在")
book = get_object_or_404(BookInfo, id=int(bid), ) # get_object_or_404() 为快捷函数,不能自定义404显示信息
book.delete()
return redirect("/booktest/")
# 查看英雄信息
def hero_info(request, bid):
heros = HeroInfo.objects.filter(hbook_id=int(bid))
for hero in heros:
if hero.hgender:
hero.hgender = "男"
else:
hero.hgender = "女"
context = {‘title‘: ‘英雄信息‘, ‘heros‘: heros}
return render(request, "booktest/heroInfo.html", context)
redirect方法是在执行完代码后,将界面重定向到index界面,使用时需要import导入
打开test1/urls.py文件,配置url如下:
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
path(‘booktest/‘, include(‘booktest.urls‘)), # booktest/ 可以为空白
]
在booktest应用下创建urls.py文件,代码如下:
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import re_path
from booktest import views
urlpatterns = [
# ex: /booktest/ # 调用index视图函数
path(‘‘, views.index, name=‘index‘),
# ex: /booktest/create # 调用create视图函数
path(‘create‘, views.create),
# ex: /booktest/delete/1
# re_path(‘delete/(\d+)‘, views.delete), # 在path中使用正则时需要导入re_path方法
path(‘delete/<int:bid>‘, views.delete), # bid为视图函数的的形参名
path(‘heroInfo/<int:bid>‘, views.hero_info)
]
注意:正则分组匹配的值可以当做视图函数的参数被引用。
打开test1/settings.py文件,配置模板查找目录TEMPLATES的DIRS。
TEMPLATES = [
{
‘BACKEND‘: ‘django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates‘,
‘DIRS‘: [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘templates‘)],
‘APP_DIRS‘: True,
‘OPTIONS‘: {
‘context_processors‘: [
‘django.template.context_processors.debug‘,
‘django.template.context_processors.request‘,
‘django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth‘,
‘django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages‘,
],
},
},
]
在templates/booktest/ 目录下创建index.html和heroInfo.html文件。
index.html模板代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>图书列表</title>
<style>
body {background-color: #efefef;}
td {text-align: center;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<a href="/booktest/create">新增</a>
<table width="500px">
<tr>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>发布日期</th>
<th>阅读量</th>
<th>评论量</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
{%for book in books%}
<tr>
<td>{{book.btitle}}</td>
<td>{{book.bpub_date}}</td>
<td>{{book.bread}}</td>
<td>{{book.bcomment}}</td>
<td>
<a href="/booktest/delete/{{book.id}}">删除</a>
<a href="/booktest/heroInfo/{{book.id}}">查看英雄</a>
</td>
</tr>
{%endfor%}
</table>
</body>
</html>
heroInfo.html模板代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>英雄信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
{% for hero in heros %}
<li> {{ hero.hname }},{{ hero.hgender }},{{ hero.hcomment }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
运行服务器。
python manage.py runserver
在浏览器中查看http://127.0.0.1:8000/booktest/
标签:redirect 执行 一对多 field min proc idt cts ret
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/testlearn/p/13897597.html