Strings

  1 //Strings.cpp
  2 
  3 /*
  4 Copyright 2000-2004 The VCF Project.
  5 Please see License.txt in the top level directory
  6 where you installed the VCF.
  7 */
  8 
  9 
 10 #include "vcf/FoundationKit/FoundationKit.h"
 11 
 12 /**
 13 *use the VCF namespace to make it more convenient
 14 *to refer to VCF classes
 15 */
 16 using namespace VCF;
 17 
 18 
 19 
 20 /**
 21 Sample object that demonstrates overloading the toString method of the 
 22 Object base class.
 23 */
 24 class Foo : public Object {
 25 public:
 26     virtual String toString() {
 27         return String("Foo here!\n\t") + Object::toString();
 28     }
 29 };
 30 
 31 
 32 
 33 
 34 /**
 35 This example show how to work with strings
 36 in the VCF and some of the extra utility functions in the StringUtils class.
 37 Many thanks to Cesar Mello for doing the initial work on this
 38 */
 39 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 40 {
 41     FoundationKit::init( argc, argv );
 42 
 43     try {     
 44         
 45         // creating strings
 46         String s = "Now";
 47         String t = s + " is the time."; // concatenate strings with + operator
 48 
 49         /**
 50         use System::println() to send the String to stdout
 51         */
 52         System::println(t);
 53 
 54         int len = t.size();  // number of characters: 16
 55         System::println(Format("Number of characters: %d") % len);
 56 
 57         String sub = t.substr(4); // returns char 4 to end: "is the time."
 58         System::println("substr(4): " + sub);
 59 
 60         sub = t.substr(4, 2); // returns chars 4 and 5
 61         System::println("substr(4, 2): " + sub);
 62 
 63         String toFind = "foo";
 64         int pos = t.find(toFind); // does not find the string (returns String::npos)
 65 
 66         if (pos == UnicodeString::npos)
 67         {
 68             System::println( Format("trying to find string \"foo\": not found. returns String::npos: %d") % pos);
 69         }
 70 
 71         System::println( toFind );
 72 
 73         toFind = "time";
 74 
 75         System::println( toFind );
 76 
 77         pos = t.find("time"); // finds the string "time" in position 11
 78         System::println( Format("string \"time\" found at position: %d in string {%s}") % pos % t );
 79 
 80 
 81         
 82 
 83         Foo f;
 84         System::println( String("f is: ") + f + "\n" + 99.5643231 + " bottles of " + &f + " on the wall!" );
 85 
 86         System::println( String("Is this ") + true + " or is this " + false + "?" );
 87 
 88         DateTime dt = DateTime::now();
 89 
 90         System::println( "The time is now: " + dt.toString() );
 91 
 92         void* ptr = &dt;
 93 
 94         System::println( String("The value of the void* pointer ptr is: ") + ptr );
 95 
 96 
 97         int i = 0;
 98         bool j = false;
 99         const double* k = NULL;
100         float l = 0;
101         Object o;
102         
103         System::println( "i is a " + typeid(i) + " type" );
104         System::println( "j is a " + typeid(j) + " type" );
105         System::println( "k is a " + typeid(k) + " type" );
106         System::println( "l is a " + typeid(l) + " type" );
107         System::println( "o is a " + typeid(o) + " type" );
108         System::println( "f is a " + typeid(f) + " type" );
109         System::println( "ptr is a " + typeid(ptr) + " type" );
110         System::println( "dt is a " + typeid(dt) + " type" );
111 
112         int64 m = 0xffffffff;
113         System::println( String("m: ") + m );
114 
115         m *= -0xfff;
116 
117         System::println( String("m: ") + m );
118 
119 
120         VariantData v;
121         v = 123;
122 
123         System::println( String("Variant (as int): ") + v );
124 
125         v = 441.2340995;
126         System::println( String("Variant (as double): ") + v );
127 
128         v = &f;
129         System::println( String("Variant (as object): ") + v );
130 
131         v = &dt;
132         System::println( String("Variant (as object): ") + v );
133 
134         v = true;
135         System::println( String("Variant (as boolean): ") + v );
136 
137         v = -199;
138         System::println( String("Variant (as signed int): ") + v );
139 
140         v = ‘A‘;
141         System::println( String("Variant (as character): ") + v );
142 
143         v = "Hello World!";
144         System::println( String("Variant (as string): ") + v );
145 
146         /**
147         String utility functions
148         */
149 
150         /**
151         format a string
152         */        
153         String formattedString = Format( "hello %d, %0.2f World!!" ) % 1002 % 12.456330;
154         System::println( formattedString );
155 
156         //error - too many arguments, expecting 2 argument, recv‘d 3!
157         try {
158             formattedString = Format( "hello %d, %0.2f World!!" ) % 1002 % 0.0786 % 456;
159             System::println( formattedString );
160         }
161         catch ( std::exception& e ) {
162             System::print( Format("%s\n") % e.what() );
163         }
164 
165 
166         //error - too few arguments, expecting 2 argument, recv‘d 1!
167         try {
168             formattedString = Format( "hello %d, %0.2f World!!" ) % 1002;
169             System::println( formattedString );
170         }
171         catch ( std::exception& e ) {
172             System::print( Format("%s\n") % e.what() );
173         }
174 
175         //StringUtils::format is deprecated - don‘t use in new code
176         formattedString = Format( "Number: %d, as hex: 0x%08X, a string: %s" ) % 12 % 12 % toFind;
177         System::println( formattedString );
178 
179 
180         //same thing with a Format
181         formattedString = Format( "Number: %d, as hex: 0x%08X, a string: %s") % 12 % 12 % toFind;
182         System::println( formattedString );
183 
184         /**
185         code added with only purpose of fulling testing the Format functionality
186         */
187         s = Format( "abc" );
188         VCF_ASSERT(  "abc" == s );
189 
190         s = Format( "%%" );
191         VCF_ASSERT(  "%" == s );
192 
193         s = Format( "%d" ) % 1;
194         VCF_ASSERT(  "1" == s );
195 
196         s = Format( "%d%%" ) % 1;
197         VCF_ASSERT(  "1%" == s );
198 
199         s = Format( "a %d%%" ) % 1;
200         VCF_ASSERT(  "a 1%" == s );
201 
202         s = Format( "%% %d%%" ) % 1;
203         VCF_ASSERT(  "% 1%" == s );
204 
205         s = Format( "a %% %% %d" ) % 1;
206         VCF_ASSERT(  "a % % 1" == s );
207 
208         s = Format( "%da %% %% %d" ) % 1 % 2;
209         VCF_ASSERT(  "1a % % 2" == s );
210 
211         s = Format( "%da %% %% %d%%" ) % 1 % 2;
212         VCF_ASSERT(  "1a % % 2%" == s );
213 
214         s = Format( "%da %% %% %d%%%d" ) % 1 % 2 % 3;
215         VCF_ASSERT( "1a % % 2%3" == s );
216 
217         s = Format( "%da %% %% %d%%%d%%" ) % 1 % 2 % 3;
218         VCF_ASSERT( "1a % % 2%3%" == s );
219 
220         s = Format( "%da %% %% %d%%%%%d%%" ) % 1 % 2 % 3;
221         VCF_ASSERT( "1a % % 2%%3%" == s );
222 
223         s = Format("Hola from %s") % String("me");
224         VCF_ASSERT( "Hola from me" == s );
225 
226         s = Format("Hola from %s%%") % String("me");
227         VCF_ASSERT( "Hola from me%" == s );
228 
229         s = Format( "a %d \r\n" ) % 1 ;
230         VCF_ASSERT( "a 1 \r\n" == s );
231 
232         s = Format( "a %5d \r\n" ) % 1 ;
233         VCF_ASSERT( "a     1 \r\n" == s );
234 
235         s = Format( "a    %d --> %d  is %d .. %d \r\n" ) % 1 % 2 % 3 % 4;
236         VCF_ASSERT( "a    1 --> 2  is 3 .. 4 \r\n" == s );
237 
238 
239         //error - too many arguments, expecting 2 argument, recv‘d 3!
240         try {
241             s = Format( "%%d" ) % 1;
242         }
243         catch ( std::exception& e ) {
244             System::print( Format("%s\n") % e.what() );
245         }
246 
247         s = Format( "%d" ) %1;
248 
249         try {
250             s = Format( "%d" );
251         }
252         catch ( std::exception& e ) {
253             System::print( Format("%s\n") % e.what() );
254         }
255 
256         try {
257             s = Format( "%d %d" ) % 1;
258         }
259         catch ( std::exception& e ) {
260             System::print( Format("%s\n") % e.what() );
261         }
262 
263 
264 
265 
266 
267         
268         /**
269         getting a class name from type info
270         */
271 
272         String className = StringUtils::getClassNameFromTypeInfo( typeid(double) );
273 
274         System::println( Format("StringUtils::getClassNameFromTypeInfo() returned: %s") % className );
275 
276         className = StringUtils::getClassNameFromTypeInfo( typeid(StringUtils) );
277         System::println( Format("StringUtils::getClassNameFromTypeInfo() returned: %s") % className );
278 
279         className = StringUtils::getClassNameFromTypeInfo( typeid(System) );
280         System::println( Format("StringUtils::getClassNameFromTypeInfo() returned: %s") % className );
281 
282 
283 
284         /**
285         transform a string to and from upper case and lowercase
286         */
287 
288         String xfrmedString = StringUtils::lowerCase( className );
289 
290         System::println( Format("lowercase: %s") % xfrmedString );
291 
292         xfrmedString = StringUtils::upperCase( className );
293 
294         System::println( Format("uppercase: %s") % xfrmedString );
295 
296 
297         /**
298         This will generate a new UUID and return it as a string
299         */
300         String newUUID = StringUtils::newUUID();
301 
302         System::println( Format("new UUID: %s") % newUUID );
303 
304 
305         /**
306         converts various non string types to a string
307         */
308 
309         String val = StringUtils::toString( 12 );
310         System::println( Format("value: %s") % val );
311 
312         val = StringUtils::toString( 1234.009459034 );
313         System::println( Format("value: %s") % val );
314 
315         val = StringUtils::toString( 53433.000034f );
316         System::println( Format("value: %s") % val );
317 
318         val = StringUtils::toString( true );
319         System::println( Format("value: %s") % val );
320 
321         val = StringUtils::toString( false );
322         System::println( Format("value: %s") % val );
323 
324 
325         /**
326         A trace statement useful for debugging. On Win32 systems this goes to the
327         debugger for the current application
328         */
329 
330         StringUtils::trace( "Hello World" );
331 
332         /**
333         Same as above, only with variable arguments
334         */
335         StringUtils::trace( Format("Hello World %d times") % 10 );
336 
337 
338         /**
339         This demonstrates trimming text from a string
340         */
341         String original = "####Some text#######";
342 
343         xfrmedString = StringUtils::trim( original, ‘#‘ );
344         System::println( Format("original: %s \nxfrmedString after StringUtils::trim(): %s") % original % xfrmedString );
345 
346 
347         xfrmedString = StringUtils::trimLeft( original, ‘#‘ );
348         System::println( Format("original: %s \nxfrmedString after StringUtils::trimLeft(): %s") % original % xfrmedString );
349 
350         xfrmedString = StringUtils::trimRight( original, ‘#‘ );
351         System::println( Format("original: %s \nxfrmedString after StringUtils::trimRight(): %s") % original % xfrmedString );
352 
353 
354         /**
355         The next examples uses the white space trimming functions
356         */
357 
358         original = "   12333873   ";
359 
360         xfrmedString = original;
361         StringUtils::trimWhiteSpaces( xfrmedString );
362         System::println( Format("original: \"%s\"\nxfrmedString after StringUtils::trimWhiteSpaces(): %s") % original % xfrmedString );
363 
364         xfrmedString = original;
365         StringUtils::trimWhiteSpacesLeft( xfrmedString );
366         System::println( Format("original: \"%s\"\nxfrmedString after StringUtils::trimWhiteSpacesLeft(): \"%s\"") % original % xfrmedString );
367 
368 
369         xfrmedString = original;
370         StringUtils::trimWhiteSpacesRight( xfrmedString );
371         System::println( Format("original: \"%s\"\nxfrmedString after StringUtils::trimWhiteSpacesRight(): \"%s\"") % original % xfrmedString );
372 
373 
374         System::println( "." );
375         System::println( "all the tests and the example have completed successfully" );
376     }
377     catch ( std::exception& e ) {
378         System::print( e.what() );
379     }
380 
381 
382     FoundationKit::terminate();
383 
384     return 0;
385 }
386 
387 
388 
389 
390 namespace VCF {
391 
392 
393 
394 
395 };
396 
397 
398 /**
399 $Id: Strings.cpp 2818 2006-07-03 20:41:43Z kdmix $
400 */