现在从一个由GradeBook类和main函数组成的例子说起,此例是一系例循序渐进例子中的第一个,这些例子通过后续博文讲解,最终是一个功能众多的GradeBook类.
这里,GradeBook类表示可供教师管理学生考试成绩的成绩簿,而在main函数创建了一个GradeBook对象.main函数使用这个对象和它的成员函数,在屏幕上显示一条欢迎教师进入成绩簿程序的信息.
PS:关键字class后跟类名GradeBook.按照惯例,用户定义的类名字以大写字母开头,而且为了增强可读性,类名中每个随后的单词其首字母也为大写.同时,每个类的体包围在一对花括号中({和}).类的定义以分号结束.
// Define class GradeBook with a member function displayMessage; // Create a GradeBook object and call its displayMessage function. #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; // GradeBook class definition class GradeBook { public: // function that displays a welcome message to the GradeBook user void displayMessage() { cout << "Welcome to the Grade Book!" << endl; } // end function displayMessage }; // end class GradeBook // function main begins program execution int main() { GradeBook myGradeBook; // create a GradeBook object named myGradeBook myGradeBook.displayMessage(); // call object‘s displayMessage function return 0; // indicate successful termination } // end main测试结果
在这里,我们重新定义了GradeBook类,它的displayMessage成员函数将课程名称作为欢迎消息的一部分,这个新的成员函数displayMessage规定了一个表示要输出的课程名称的形参.
// Define class GradeBook with a member function that takes a parameter; // Create a GradeBook object and call its displayMessage function. #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; #include <string> // program uses C++ standard string class using std::string; using std::getline; // GradeBook class definition class GradeBook { public: // function that displays a welcome message to the GradeBook user void displayMessage( string courseName ) { cout << "Welcome to the grade book for\n" << courseName << "!" << endl; } // end function displayMessage }; // end class GradeBook // function main begins program execution int main() { string nameOfCourse; // string of characters to store the course name GradeBook myGradeBook; // create a GradeBook object named myGradeBook // prompt for and input course name cout << "Please enter the course name:" << endl; getline( cin, nameOfCourse ); // read a course name with blanks cout << endl; // output a blank line // call myGradeBook‘s displayMessage function // and pass nameOfCourse as an argument myGradeBook.displayMessage( nameOfCourse ); return 0; // indicate successful termination } // end main测试结果
关于Program Language更多讨论与交流,敬请关注本博客和新浪微博songzi_tea.
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/songzitea/article/details/42364053