Given an unsorted integer array, find the first missing positive integer.
For example,
Given [1,2,0]
return 3
,
and [3,4,-1,1]
return 2
.
Your algorithm should run in O(n) time and uses constant space.
类似于桶排序。
每当A[i] != i+1时,即A[i]不在正确的位置上,需要交换到排序数组中他相应的位置上去。
交换A[i]与A[A[i]-1],直到无法交换。
/********************************* * 日期:2015-01-13 * 作者:SJF0115 * 题目: 41.First Missing Positive * 来源:https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/first-missing-positive/ * 结果:AC * 来源:LeetCode * 博客: **********************************/ #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Solution { public: int firstMissingPositive(int A[], int n) { if(A == NULL || n <= 0){ return 1; }//if // 交换到在排序数组中应有的位置 for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){ // 交换直到不能交换 while(A[i] != i+1){ // 是否需要交换 if(A[i] <= 0 || A[i] > n || A[i] == i+1 || A[i] == A[A[i]-1]){ break; }//if // 交换 int tmp = A[i]; A[i] = A[tmp-1]; A[tmp-1] = tmp; }//while }//for // First Missing Positive for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){ if(A[i] != i+1){ return i+1; }//if }//for return n+1; } }; int main(){ Solution solution; int A[] = {1,1}; cout<<solution.firstMissingPositive(A,2)<<endl; return 0; }
题目的最后一行,要求O(n)实际上暗示了用hash,但是又说要contant space,就没法再开新空间来建hash。
正好这个题目中处理的是1到n的数据,提供了一个将输入的数组同时用作hash表的可能性。
于是算法就是:
class Solution { public: int firstMissingPositive(int A[], int n) { if(A == NULL || n <= 0){ return 1; }//if int impossValue = n + 2; //first run, turn every negetive value into an impossible positive value //make every value in A is positive for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){ if(A[i] <= 0){ A[i] = impossValue; }//if }//for //second run, make A[] as a hash table, A[i] indicate the presence of i + 1 //the way is that, if k in [1,n] is in A[], then turn A[k -1] to negetive for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){ int value = abs(A[i]); if(value <= n){ A[value-1] = -abs(A[value-1]); }//if }//for //third run, if A[i] is positive, from step 2, we know that i + 1 is missing. for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){ if(A[i] > 0){ return i+1; }//if }//for //all int from 1 to n is present, then return n + 1 return n+1; } };
[LeetCode]41.First Missing Positive
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/sunnyyoona/article/details/42683405