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表分区:
应用场景:如数据量比较大的表,比如2G的表,可以分20块来查询肯定比不分块查询速度快
区间分区:常常用于日期字段的分区
less than 是不包括这()里的值小于的意思
示例一、创建区间分区
--创建表 CREATE TABLE drawlist( draw_dt DATE NOT NULL ) --创建表分区 PARTITION BY RANGE(draw_dt)( PARTITION part_1 VALUES LESS THAN (to_date(‘1/1/2009‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_2 VALUES LESS THAN (to_date(‘1/1/2011‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_3 VALUES LESS THAN(Maxvalue) ); --表和分区要同时创建,不然无法创建分区
插入数据
--插入数据 INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2008-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-1-1‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-6-6‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2010-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-6-6‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-1-1‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-5-5‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘));
查询
--查询 SELECT * FROM drawlist; SELECT * FROM drawlist PARTITION(part_1); --查询分区1 SELECT * FROM drawlist PARTITION(part_2); --查询分区2 SELECT * FROM drawlist PARTITION(part_3); --查询分区3
示例二、创建散列分区
--创建表 CREATE TABLE drawlist( draw_dt DATE NOT NULL ) --创建表分区 PARTITION BY RANGE(draw_dt)( PARTITION part_1 VALUES LESS THAN (to_date(‘1/1/2009‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_2 VALUES LESS THAN (to_date(‘1/1/2011‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_3 VALUES LESS THAN(Maxvalue) ); --表和分区要同时创建,不然无法创建分区 --插入数据 INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2008-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-1-1‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-6-6‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2010-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-6-6‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-1-1‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO drawlist(draw_dt)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-5-5‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘));
--查询 SELECT * FROM hash_table; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM hash_table; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM hash_table PARTITION(part_1); SELECT COUNT(*) FROM hash_table PARTITION(part_2); SELECT COUNT(*) FROM hash_table PARTITION(part_3); SELECT COUNT(*) FROM hash_table PARTITION(part_4);
列表分区:主要用区代码数据库如邮编,区号之类
示例三、创建列表分区
--创建表 CREATE TABLE area( CODE INTEGER NOT NULL, NAME VARCHAR2(10) ) --创建列表分区 PARTITION BY LIST(CODE)( PARTITION part_1 VALUES(102200,102202,102203), PARTITION part_2 VALUES(164300,164302,164303) ); --使用数据生成器,插入记录 --查询 SELECT * FROM area; SELECT * FROM area PARTITION(part_1); SELECT * FROM area PARTITION(part_2);
示例四、组合分区--区间-散列分区
--区间散列 --创建表 CREATE TABLE range_hash( dt_date DATE NOT NULL, hash_no INTEGER NOT NULL ) --创建区间散列分区 PARTITION BY RANGE(dt_date) SUBPARTITION BY HASH(hash_no) ( PARTITION part_1 VALUES LESS THAN(to_date(‘1/1/2009‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_2 VALUES LESS THAN(to_date(‘1/1/2011‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_3 VALUES LESS THAN(maxvalue) ); --区间散列分区,先按区间分区再按散列分区,这时散列的意思不大,散列仍然要按照区间进行分区
示例五、组合分区--区间-列表分区
--区间列表 --创建表 CREATE TABLE range_list( dt_date DATE NOT NULL, CODE INTEGER NOT NULL ) --创建区间列表分区 PARTITION BY RANGE(dt_date) SUBPARTITION BY LIST(CODE)( PARTITION part_1 VALUES LESS THAN(to_date(‘1/1/2009‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘))( SUBPARTITION part1_list1 VALUES(102200), SUBPARTITION part1_list2 VALUES(164300) ), PARTITION part_2 VALUES LESS THAN(to_date(‘1/1/2011‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘))( SUBPARTITION part2_list1 VALUES(102200), SUBPARTITION part2_list2 VALUES(164300) ), PARTITION part_3 VALUES LESS THAN(MAXVALUE)( SUBPARTITION part3_list1 VALUES(102200), SUBPARTITION part3_list2 VALUES(164300) ) ); --插入数据 INSERT INTO range_list(dt_date,code)VALUES(to_date(‘2008-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘),102200); INSERT INTO range_list(dt_date,code)VALUES(to_date(‘2008-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘),164300); INSERT INTO range_list(dt_date,code)VALUES(to_date(‘2010-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘),102200); INSERT INTO range_list(dt_date,code)VALUES(to_date(‘2010-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘),164300); INSERT INTO range_list(dt_date,code)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘),102200); INSERT INTO range_list(dt_date,code)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘),164300); --查询 SELECT * FROM range_list; SELECT * FROM RANGE_list PARTITION(part_1); SELECT * FROM range_list SUBPARTITION (part1_list1);--查询子分区 SELECT * FROM range_list SUBPARTITION (part1_list2);
高界限的分区不能合并到低界限的分区中
维护分区
-创建表 CREATE TABLE dlist( dl_date DATE NOT NULL ) --创建区间分区 PARTITION BY RANGE(dl_date)( PARTITION part_1 VALUES LESS THAN (to_date(‘1/1/2009‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_2 VALUES LESS THAN (to_date(‘1/1/2011‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)), PARTITION part_3 VALUES LESS THAN(Maxvalue) ); --插入数据 INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2008-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-1-1‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-6-6‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2010-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2009-6-6‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-1-1‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-5-5‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); --查询 SELECT * FROM dlist; SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_1); SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_2); SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_3);
增加分区
-增加分区表中时新增加的分区,必须高于已经有分于的最后一个分区界限 ALTER TABLE dlist ADD PARTITION part_4 VALUES LESS THAN(to_date(‘1/1/2012‘,‘dd-mm-yyyy‘)); --要先删除PART_3,maxvalue --删除分区表 ALTER TABLE dlist DROP PARTITION part_3; --drop数据一起删除 --插入数据 INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-5-5‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); INSERT INTO dlist(dl_date)VALUES(to_date(‘2011-12-31‘,‘yyyy-mm-dd‘)); --查询 SELECT * FROM dlist; SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_1); SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_2); SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_4);
截断分区
--截断分区 ALTER TABLE dlist TRUNCATE PARTITION part_1; --查询 SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_1);
合并分区
--合并分区 ALTER TABLE dlist MERGE PARTITIONS part_2,part_4 INTO PARTITION part_4; --合并后的分区会消失 SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_2); --会提示分区不存在 SELECT * FROM dlist PARTITION(part_4);
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/liunanjava/p/4223016.html