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可以看出fopen函数是用来打开流的,返回值是一个指向文件对象的指针。
通过下面的例子可以知道,fd的使用与对象stdcin,stdcout一样,所以我认为在unix/linux中,对象stdin,stdout的类型应该也是FILE*类型。
也就是说stdin,stdout,这两个对象,是输入流与流出流被fopen后,返回的像fd一样的FILE*对象。
fopen函数是用来打开文件的,通过指定文件名,像下例一样,书中说fopen用来打开流,说白了,流也是一个文件,对于类UNIX操作系统来说,这样就统一了一些关于UNIX的理解,流,文件,文件指针,流对象。
man 3 stdin证实了我的想法
#include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; class item{ public: item() : a(0), b(0.0), c(‘\0‘) { } int a; float b; char c; }; int main() { item i; i.b = 10.00; // size_t fwrite(const void *restrict ptr, size_t size, size_t nobj, FILE *restrict fp); // write the object i to standard output if(1 != fwrite(&i, sizeof(i), 1, stdout)) { fwrite(&i, sizeof(i), 1, stdout); } cout << endl; // FILE *fopen(const char *restrict pathname, const char *restrict type); FILE* fd = fopen("a.txt", "rb+"); if (NULL == fd) { cerr << "fopen failed" << endl; } // write the object i to file in hard disk // compared to "fwrite(&i, sizeof(i), 1, stdout); // i think stdout is a object of type FILE*, because stdout is just like variable fd // this is important for us to understand what is stream if(1 != fwrite(&i, sizeof(i), 1, fd)) { cerr << "fwrite failed, when writting to a.txt" << endl; } fclose(fd); fd = fopen("a.txt", "rb+"); if (NULL == fd) { cerr << "fopen failed when open the second time" << endl; } item j; cout << "before fread function, j.b =: " << j.b << endl; // size_t fread(void *restrict ptr, size_t size, size_t nobj, FILE *restrict fp); if (1 != fread(&j, sizeof(item), 1, fd)) { cerr << "fread failed" << endl; } else { cout << "after fread function, j.b =: " << j.b << endl; } return 0; }
all: freadfwrite freadfwrite: freadfwrite.cpp g++ -g -Wall freadfwrite.cpp ../lib/libapue.a -I ../include -o freadfwrite clean: rm freadfwrite
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/sunyongjie1984/p/test.html