标签：
tomcat集群
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httpd负载均衡
httpd -M
确保有proxy_balancer_modeule模块
编辑httpd.conf
注释DocumentRoot
编辑conf.d/mod_httpd.conf
定义虚拟主机
两种方式都能实现负载均衡：
下面我们就来分别演示一下，
1.基于mod_proxy实现负载均衡
定义虚拟主机
编辑conf.d/mod_httpd.conf
????????也就是在/etc/httpd/conf.d此目录下 创建mod_httpd.conf
定义虚拟主机
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好了，大家可以看到基于mod_proxy模块的tomcat负载均衡配置完成。下面我们来配置一下基于mod_jk的模块的负载均衡！
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#关闭httpd
2.#mod_jk负载均衡
#安装httpd-devel
????????[root@node17 ~]# yum intsall httpd-devel
#安装tomcat-connectors
[root@node17 native]# pwd
/root/tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src/native
[root@node17 native]# ./configure --with-apxs=`which apxs`
[root@node17 native]make && make install
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/etc/httpd/conf.d此目录下
编辑workers.properties
[root@node17 conf.d]# vim workers.properties
/etc/httpd/conf.d此目录下
编辑mod_jk.conf
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绑定session
编辑worker.propries，修改如下项
此外还得把模块mod_proxy 的配置文件mod_httpd.conf 改下
# mv mod_httpd.conf mod_httpd.conf.bak
分别编辑node15、node16节点server.xml，分别修改如下项，第一行是节点1，第二行是节点2
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上面创建的两个文件配置设置好以后，接下来是基于 mod_jk模块开启后端2个节点的tomcat
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访问节点3 ，会话已经绑定
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好了，到这里我们状态信息查看就到这里了，下面我们来配置会话共享集群。
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.DeltaManager具体实现过程
(1).修改server.xml配置文件
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<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"?
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"?
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>?
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">?
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"?
address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/>?
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"?
address="192.168.18.201" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/>?
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">?
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>?
</Sender>?
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>?
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>?
</Channel>?
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter="/"/>?
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>?
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"?
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/>?
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>?
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>?
</Cluster>
以上内容定义在Engine容器中，则表示对所有主机均启动用集群功能。如果定义在某Host中，则表示仅对此主机启用集群功能。（注，节点node15与node16的tomcat的配置文件都要修改！）
如下是具体的配置：
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节点node15:
[root@node15 ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
#在Engine组件内增加下面这一段
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"?
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"?
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>?
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">?
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"?
address="228.110.100.10" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/>?
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"?
address="172.16.21.15" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/>?
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">?
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>?
</Sender>?
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>?
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>?
</Channel>?
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter="/"/>?
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>?
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"?
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/>?
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>?
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>?
</Cluster>
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节点node16:
[root@node16 ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
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<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"?
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"?
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>?
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">?
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"?
address="228.110.100.10" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/>?
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"?
address="172.16.21.16" port="4000" autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/>?
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">?
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>?
</Sender>?
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>?
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>?
</Channel>?
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter="/"/>?
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>?
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"?
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/>?
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>?
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>?
</Cluster>
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此外，所有启用集群功能的web应用程序，其web.xml中都须添加<distributable/>才能实现集群功能。如果某web应用程序没有自己的web.xml，也可以通过复制默认的web.xml至其WEB-INF目录中实现。
(2).修改web.xml
node15:
[root@node15 ~]# cd /webapps/ROOT/
[root@node15 ROOT]# ls
index.jsp?
[root@node15 ROOT]# mkdir WEB-INF?
[root@node15 ROOT]# # ls?
index.jsp WEB-INF?
[root@node15 ROOT]# # cp /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml WEB-INF/
[root@node15 ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml
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#增加一行<distributable/>
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node16:
[root@node16 ~]# cd /webapps/ROOT/
[root@node16 ROOT]# ls
index.jsp?
[root@node16 ROOT]# mkdir WEB-INF?
[root@node16 ROOT]# # ls?
index.jsp WEB-INF?
[root@node16 ROOT]# # cp /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml WEB-INF/
[root@node16 ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml
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#增加一行<distributable/>
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(3).启动tomcat服务器
node15:
[root@node15 ~]# catalina.sh start
node16:
[root@node16 ~]# catalina.sh start
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(4).查看一下tomcat集群日志
[root@node15 ~]#tail -f /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.xxxx-xx-xx.log
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最后我是基于mod_jk模块实现负载均衡的apache(步骤前面已经实现)
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Nginx实现Tomcat负载均衡：
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安装nginx
[root@node17 ~]# yum install -y nginx
[root@node17 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
配置nginx负载均衡
#
# The default server
#
upstream tomcat {
??server 192.168.18.201;
??server 192.168.18.202;
}
server {
??listen??? 80 default_server;
??server_name _;
??#charset koi8-r;
??#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
??location / {
????#root? /usr/share/nginx/html;
????#index index.html index.htm;
????proxy_pass http://tomcat;
??}
??error_page 404?????? /404.html;
??location = /404.html {
????root? /usr/share/nginx/html;
??}
??# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
??#
??error_page? 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
??location = /50x.html {
????root? /usr/share/nginx/html;
??}
??# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
??#
??#location ~ \.php$ {
??#? proxy_pass? http://127.0.0.1;
??#}
??# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
??#
??#location ~ \.php$ {
??#? root????? html;
??#? fastcgi_pass? 127.0.0.1:9000;
??#? fastcgi_index index.php;
??#? fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
??#? include??? fastcgi_params;
??#}
??# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
??# concurs with nginx‘s one
??#
??#location ~ /\.ht {
??#? deny all;
??#}
}
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检查配置文件并启动服务器
[root@node17 ~]# nginx –t
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[root@node17 ~]# service nginx start
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好了，到这里Nginx实现tomcat的负载均衡与会话共享配置完成。
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/na2po2lun/p/4271011.html
