POJ 1753,题目链接http://poj.org/problem?id=1753
有4*4的正方形,每个格子要么是黑色,要么是白色,当把一个格子的颜色改变(黑->白或者白->黑)时,其周围上下左右(如果存在的话)的格子的颜色也被反转,问至少反转几个格子可以使4*4的正方形变为纯白或者纯黑?
1. 每一个位置只有两种颜色,翻偶数次等于没有翻,所以只有翻基数次对棋盘有影响,即只用考虑一个位置最多翻一次。
2. 一共有16个位置,所以最多翻16次。那么可能翻0次就成功、或者翻1次成功、或者翻2次成功...或者翻16次成功。
3. 每个位置翻转的顺序对结果无影响。
那么这就变成了一个组合数问题:
将输入的16个元素放到一个数组中,进行组合数计算即可。(组合数+枚举)
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/* * Memory: 384K * Time: 16MS */ #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #define ALLNUM 16 static
int count = 0; /* * 15 14 13 12 * 11 10 9 8 * 7 6 5 4 * 3 2 1 0 */ void
flip( int & data, int
posIdx) { data ^= 1<<posIdx; //up if
(posIdx < 12) data ^= 1<<(posIdx+4); //down if
(posIdx > 3) data ^= 1<<(posIdx-4); //left if
(posIdx%4+1 != 4) data ^= 1<<(posIdx+1); //right if
(posIdx%4 != 0) data ^= 1<<(posIdx-1); } bool
isOK( int
data) { if
(data == 0 || data == 0xffff) return
true ; else
return false ; } /* * num 1 -- ALLNUM * starIdx 0 -- ALLNUM-1 */ void
func( int
num, int
starIdx, int
data, int
step) { // printf("-----------comein >> starIdx=%d, num=%d\n", starIdx, num); if
(num == 1){ ++step; for
( int i=starIdx; i<ALLNUM; ++i){ int
temp = data; flip(temp, i); if
(isOK(temp)) { printf ( "%d\n" , step); exit (0); } //log ++count; } } else
if (starIdx+num <= ALLNUM){ // 14 + 2 <= 16 (14 15) ++step; for
( int i=starIdx; i<=ALLNUM-num; ++i){ int
temp = data; flip(temp, i); func(num-1, i+1, temp, step); } } // else { // printf("Error Branch----------- >> starIdx=%d, num=%d\n", starIdx, num); // } } // black 0, white 1 int
main() { int
num = ALLNUM; int
data = 0; char
c; while
( true ) { scanf ( "%c" , &c); if
(c == ‘\n‘ ) continue ; --num; if
(c == ‘w‘ ) data ^= 1<<num; if
(num == 0) break ; } if
(isOK(data)) { printf ( "0\n" ); return
0; } for
( int i=1; i<=ALLNUM; ++i) { func(i, 0, data, 0); // printf("i=%d,AllCount=%d\n", i, count); } printf ( "Impossible\n" ); return
0; } |
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//356K 313MS #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #define ALLNUM 16 bool
isOK( int
data) { if
(data == 0 || data == 0xffff) return
true ; else
return false ; } void
flip( int & data, int
posIdx) { data ^= 1<<posIdx; //up if
(posIdx < 12) data ^= 1<<(posIdx+4); //down if
(posIdx > 3) data ^= 1<<(posIdx-4); //left if
(posIdx%4+1 != 4) data ^= 1<<(posIdx+1); //right if
(posIdx%4 != 0) data ^= 1<<(posIdx-1); } // black 0, white 1 int
main() { int
num = ALLNUM; int
data = 0; char
c; while
( true ) { scanf ( "%c" , &c); if
(c == ‘\n‘ ) continue ; --num; if
(c == ‘w‘ ) data ^= 1<<num; if
(num == 0) break ; } int
step = ALLNUM; bool
bImpossible = true ; for
( int i=0; i<=0xffff; ++i) { int
tempData = data; int
tempStep = 0; for
( int idx=0; idx<ALLNUM; ++idx){ if
((1<<idx) & i){ //idx位置需要翻转 flip(tempData, idx); ++tempStep; } } if
(isOK(tempData) && tempStep < step) step = tempStep; } if
(step == ALLNUM) printf ( "Impossible\n" ); else printf ( "%d\n" , step); return
0; } |
poj1753解题报告(枚举、组合数),布布扣,bubuko.com
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/songcf/p/3763649.html