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Struts2(四)Action一接收参数

时间:2015-03-29 01:51:58      阅读:186      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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一、属性接收参数并输出

导入struts2的包,导入需要的包

和struts.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
<!-- 
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <default-action-ref name="index" />

        <global-results>
            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
        </global-results>

        <global-exception-mappings>
            <exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error"/>
        </global-exception-mappings>

        <action name="index">
            <result type="redirectAction">
                <param name="actionName">HelloWorld</param>
                <param name="namespace">/example</param>
            </result>
        </action>
    </package>

    <include file="example.xml"/> -->

    <!-- Add packages here -->
    <!--  开发模式-->    
 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
 <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
 <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction">
 <result>
 /loginSuccess.jsp
 </result>
 </action>
 </package>
</struts>

二、实现登录名和密码的接收和输出

Action接收参数(属性方式)

package com.pb.web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/*
 * 登录响应action
 */
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {
    private String userName;
    private String passWord;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        
        return "success";
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassWord() {
        return passWord;
    }

    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
        this.passWord = passWord;
    }
    
    
    
    

}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Struts2demo2</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

登录页面和登录成功页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login.action" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="userName" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="passWord" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td>
<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
    <!-- 导入struts标签 -->
 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>登录成功页面</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎您的到来!<s:property value="userName"/>
</body>
</html>

三、Action接收参数一(属性方式)

以上用的就是第一种方式表单参数名称必须在Action中有对应的setter和getter方法

解决乱码问题

修改struts.xml添加

<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="相应的编码格式" />

页面显示:

   <!-- 导入struts标签 -->
 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

应用场景:接收参数字段个数少的时候适合使用,比如:对于搜索应用接收用户输入的查询条件

接收参数字段个数多时,就可以使用JavaBean的方式来接收

四、Action接收参数二(JavaBean形式)

建立实体类

package com.pb.entity;

public class User {
    
    private String userName;
    private String passWord;
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassWord() {
        return passWord;
    }
    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
        this.passWord = passWord;
    }
    
    

}
package com.pb.web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.pb.entity.User;
/*
 * 登录响应action
 */
public class LoginAction2 extends ActionSupport {
    private User user;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        
        return "success";
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
<!-- 
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <default-action-ref name="index" />

        <global-results>
            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
        </global-results>

        <global-exception-mappings>
            <exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error"/>
        </global-exception-mappings>

        <action name="index">
            <result type="redirectAction">
                <param name="actionName">HelloWorld</param>
                <param name="namespace">/example</param>
            </result>
        </action>
    </package>

    <include file="example.xml"/> -->

    <!-- Add packages here -->
    <!--  开发模式-->    
 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
 
 <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
 <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction">
 <result>
 /loginSuccess.jsp
 </result>
 </action>
 <action  name="login2"  class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction2">
 <result>
 /loginSuccess2.jsp
 </result>
 </action>
 </package>
</struts>

登录页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login2.action" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用  -->
<td><input type="text" name="user.userName" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用  -->
<td><input type="password" name="user.passWord" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td>
<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

登录成功页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
    <!-- 导入struts标签 -->
 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>登录成功页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 输出:提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用-->
欢迎您的到来!<s:property value="user.userName"/>
</body>
</html>

 定义实体类,为实体添加属性及setter和getter方式

com.pb.entity.User

为Action添加实体属性以及setter和getter方法

User user

修改表单参数name为实体对象名.属性名 这里的对象名要与Action中声名的对象名一致

<input name="user.userName"/>

五、Action接收参数三(ModelDriven形式)

 定义实体类,为实体添加属性及setter和getter方式

com.pb.entity.User

创建Action实现接口ModelDriven接口,重写getModel();

Action中要提供JavaBean类型的属性,需要实例化,但不需要相应的setter和getter方法

Form表单项的name属性以及页页面取值通过<s:property value="属性名"/>的形式

实体类:

package com.pb.entity;

public class User {
    
    private String userName;
    private String passWord;
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassWord() {
        return passWord;
    }
    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
        this.passWord = passWord;
    }
    
    

}

action

package com.pb.web.action;


import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pb.entity.User;
/*
 * 登录响应action3
 */
public class LoginAction3 implements ModelDriven<Object> {
    
    //实例化对象
    private User user=new User(); 

    //重写接口的方法
    @Override
    public User getModel() {
        return user;
    }

    
    //要有execute方法
public String execute(){
    return "success";
}

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
<!-- 
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <default-action-ref name="index" />

        <global-results>
            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
        </global-results>

        <global-exception-mappings>
            <exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error"/>
        </global-exception-mappings>

        <action name="index">
            <result type="redirectAction">
                <param name="actionName">HelloWorld</param>
                <param name="namespace">/example</param>
            </result>
        </action>
    </package>

    <include file="example.xml"/> -->

    <!-- Add packages here -->
    <!--  开发模式-->    
 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
 
 <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
 <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction">
 <result>
 /loginSuccess.jsp
 </result>
 </action>
 <action  name="login2"  class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction2">
 <result>
 /loginSuccess2.jsp
 </result>
 </action>
 <action  name="login3"  class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction3">
 <result>
 /loginSuccess3.jsp
 </result>
 </action>
 </package>
</struts>

登录login3.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login3.action" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类的属性来用  -->
<td><input type="text" name="userName" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类的属性来用  -->
<td><input type="password" name="passWord" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td>
<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

登录成功loginSuccess3.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
    <!-- 导入struts标签 -->
 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>登录成功页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 输出:提交的地址中声明的实体类的属性来用-->
欢迎您的到来!<s:property value="userName"/>
</body>
</html>

 六、区别

技术分享

public class User {
private String userName;
private String password;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
public class School {
private String schoolName;
private String schoolAddress;
private String schoolName;
private String schoolAddress;
public String getSchoolName() {
return schoolName;
}
public void setSchoolName(String schoolName) {
this.schoolName = schoolName;
}
public String getSchoolAddress() {
return schoolAddress;
}
public void setSchoolAddress(String schoolAddress) {
this.schoolAddress = schoolAddress;
}
}

Action 使用ModelDriven 方式代码如下:

public class UserAction implements ModelDriven{
private User user=new User();
private School school=new School();
@Override
public User getModel() {
return user;
}
public String execute(){
return "success";
}
}
/*上述代码中,属性中尽管有两个Model(user 以及school),但是只有一个可以被getModel()
返回(user),这个实体用于接收参数。*/

Action 使用JavaBean 方式代码如下:

public class UserAction2 {
private User user;
private School school;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public School getSchool() {
return school;
}
public void setSchool(School school) {
this.school = school;
}
public String execute(){
return "success";
}
}
/*上述代码中,同样声明了两个Model(user 以及school),这两个实体都可以用于接收参数。*/

Action 接收参数:ModelDriven 方式与属性方式区别

ModelDriven 方式和属性方式同时存在Action 中时, ModelDriven 方式优先被赋值

//实体类User
public class User {
private String userName;
private String password;
public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }

Action 代码如下,同时使用了ModelDriven 以及属性方式。并且在execute()方法中在控
制台分别为两种方式的属性输出了相应语句。

package com.pb.web.action;


import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.pb.entity.User;
/*
 * 登录响应action3
 */
public class LoginAction3 implements ModelDriven<Object> {
    
    //实例化对象
    private User user=new User(); 
    private String userName;
    private String passWord;

    //重写接口的方法
    @Override
    public User getModel() {
        return user;
    }

    
    //要有execute方法
public String execute(){
    System.out.println("使用ModelDriven 方式:"+user.getUserName());
    System.out.println("使用ModelDriven 方式:"+user.getPassWord());
    System.out.println("使用属性 方式:"+userName);
    System.out.println("使用属性 方式:"+passWord);
    return "success";
}


public String getUserName() {
    return userName;
}


public void setUserName(String userName) {
    this.userName = userName;
}


public String getPassWord() {
    return passWord;
}


public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
    this.passWord = passWord;
}

}

在struts.xml 中配置Action 如下:

<action name="login3" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction3">
<result>
/loginSuccess3.jsp
</result>
</action>

登录页面login3.jsp 表单代码如下:

<form action="login3" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="userName"/><br>
用户密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">&nbsp;&nbsp;
<input type="reset" value="重置">
</form>

登录成功loginSuccess3.jsp 主要代码如下:

登录成功!欢迎你:<s:property value="userName"/>

控制台打印

使用ModelDriven 方式:去去去
使用ModelDriven 方式:qqq
使用属性 方式:null
使用属性 方式:null

七、三种方试对比

技术分享

三种Action 接收参数的方式中,当Action 接收非字符串类型参数时,Action 中相应属性最好设置为包装类型。

Struts2(四)Action一接收参数

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/liunanjava/p/4374853.html

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