码迷,mamicode.com
首页 > 其他好文 > 详细

Guava学习笔记:Guava新增集合类型-Multimap

时间:2015-03-31 20:05:43      阅读:158      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:

在日常的开发工作中,我们有的时候需要构造像Map<K, List<V>>或者Map<K, Set<V>>这样比较复杂的集合类型的数据结构,以便做相应的业务逻辑处理。例如:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.Test;

public class MultimapTest {

    Map<String, List<StudentScore>> StudentScoreMap = new HashMap<String, List<StudentScore>>();
    
    @Test
    public void testStudentScore(){        
        for(int i=10;i<20;i++){
            StudentScore studentScore=new StudentScore();
            studentScore.CourseId=1001+i;
            studentScore.score=100-i;
            addStudentScore("peida",studentScore);
        }
        
        System.out.println("StudentScoreMap:"+StudentScoreMap.size());
        System.out.println("StudentScoreMap:"+StudentScoreMap.containsKey("peida"));
            
        System.out.println("StudentScoreMap:"+StudentScoreMap.containsKey("jerry"));
        System.out.println("StudentScoreMap:"+StudentScoreMap.size());
        System.out.println("StudentScoreMap:"+StudentScoreMap.get("peida").size());

        List<StudentScore> StudentScoreList=StudentScoreMap.get("peida");
        if(StudentScoreList!=null&&StudentScoreList.size()>0){
            for(StudentScore stuScore:StudentScoreList){
                System.out.println("stuScore one:"+stuScore.CourseId+" score:"+stuScore.score);
            }
        }
    }    
    public void addStudentScore(final String stuName,final StudentScore studentScore) {
        List<StudentScore> stuScore = StudentScoreMap.get(stuName);
        if (stuScore == null) {
            stuScore = new ArrayList<StudentScore>();
            StudentScoreMap.put(stuName, stuScore);
        }
        stuScore.add(studentScore);
    }
}class StudentScore{    int CourseId;    int score;
}

  说明:想 Map<String, List<StudentScore>> StudentScoreMap = new HashMap<String, List<StudentScore>>()这样的数据结构,自己实现起来太麻烦,你需要检查key是否存在,不存在时则创建一个,存在时在List后面添加上一个。这个过程是比较痛苦的,如果你希望检查List中的对象是否存在,删除一个对象,或者遍历整个数据结构,那么则需要更多的代码来实现。

  Multimap

  Guava的Multimap就提供了一个方便地把一个键对应到多个值的数据结构。让我们可以简单优雅的实现上面复杂的数据结构,让我们的精力和时间放在实现业务逻辑上,而不是在数据结构上,下面我们具体来看看Multimap的相关知识点。

  上面的代码和数据结构用Multimap来实现,代码结构清晰简单了很多吧,具体代码如下:

  @Test
    public void teststuScoreMultimap(){
        Multimap<String,StudentScore> scoreMultimap = ArrayListMultimap.create(); 
        for(int i=10;i<20;i++){
            StudentScore studentScore=new StudentScore();
            studentScore.CourseId=1001+i;
            studentScore.score=100-i;
            scoreMultimap.put("peida",studentScore);
        }
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.keys());
    }

  调用Multimap.get(key)会返回这个键对应的值的集合的视图(view),没有对应集合就返回空集合。对于 ListMultimap来说,这个方法会返回一个List,对于SetMultimap来说,这个方法就返回一个Set。修改数据是通过修改底层 Multimap来实现的。例如:

@Test
    public void teststuScoreMultimap(){
        Multimap<String,StudentScore> scoreMultimap = ArrayListMultimap.create(); 
        for(int i=10;i<20;i++){
            StudentScore studentScore=new StudentScore();
            studentScore.CourseId=1001+i;
            studentScore.score=100-i;
            scoreMultimap.put("peida",studentScore);
        }
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.keys());
        
        Collection<StudentScore> studentScore = scoreMultimap.get("peida");
        studentScore.clear();
        StudentScore studentScoreNew=new StudentScore();
        studentScoreNew.CourseId=1034;
        studentScoreNew.score=67;
        studentScore.add(studentScoreNew);
        
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.keys());
    }

    Multimap也支持一系列强大的视图功能: 
  1.asMap把自身Multimap<K, V>映射成Map<K, Collection<V>>视图。这个Map视图支持remove和修改操作,但是不支持put和putAll。严格地来讲,当你希 望传入参数是不存在的key,而且你希望返回的是null而不是一个空的可修改的集合的时候就可以调用asMap().get(key)。(你可以强制转 型asMap().get(key)的结果类型-对SetMultimap的结果转成Set,对ListMultimap的结果转成List型-但是直接 把ListMultimap转成Map<K, List<V>>是不行的。)
  2.entries视图是把Multimap里所有的键值对以Collection<Map.Entry<K, V>>的形式展现。
  3.keySet视图是把Multimap的键集合作为视图
  4.keys视图返回的是个Multiset,这个Multiset是以不重复的键对应的个数作为视图。这个Multiset可以通过支持移除操作而不是添加操作来修改Multimap。
   5.values()视图能把Multimap里的所有值“平展”成一个Collection<V>。这个操作和 Iterables.concat(multimap.asMap().values())很相似,只是它返回的是一个完整的Collection。

  尽管Multimap的实现用到了Map,但Multimap<K, V>不是Map<K, Collection<V>>。因为两者有明显区别:
  1.Multimap.get(key)一定返回一个非null的集合。但这不表示Multimap使用了内存来关联这些键,相反,返回的集合只是个允许添加元素的视图。
   2.如果你喜欢像Map那样当不存在键的时候要返回null,而不是Multimap那样返回空集合的话,可以用asMap()返回的视图来得到 Map<K, Collection<V>>。(这种情况下,你得把返回的Collection<V>强转型为List或Set)。
  3.Multimap.containsKey(key)只有在这个键存在的时候才返回true。
  4.Multimap.entries()返回的是Multimap所有的键值对。但是如果需要key-collection的键值对,那就得用asMap().entries()。
  5.Multimap.size()返回的是entries的数量,而不是不重复键的数量。如果要得到不重复键的数目就得用Multimap.keySet().size()。

  @Test
    public void teststuScoreMultimap(){
        Multimap<String,StudentScore> scoreMultimap = ArrayListMultimap.create(); 
        for(int i=10;i<20;i++){
            StudentScore studentScore=new StudentScore();
            studentScore.CourseId=1001+i;
            studentScore.score=100-i;
            scoreMultimap.put("peida",studentScore);
        }
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.keys());
        
        Collection<StudentScore> studentScore = scoreMultimap.get("peida");
        StudentScore studentScore1=new StudentScore();
        studentScore1.CourseId=1034;
        studentScore1.score=67;
        studentScore.add(studentScore1);
        
        StudentScore studentScore2=new StudentScore();
        studentScore2.CourseId=1045;
        studentScore2.score=56;
        scoreMultimap.put("jerry",studentScore2);
        
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.keys());        
        
        for(StudentScore stuScore : scoreMultimap.values()) {
            System.out.println("stuScore one:"+stuScore.CourseId+" score:"+stuScore.score);
        }
        
        scoreMultimap.remove("jerry",studentScore2); 
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.get("jerry"));
        
        scoreMultimap.put("harry",studentScore2);
        scoreMultimap.removeAll("harry");
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.size());
        System.out.println("scoreMultimap:"+scoreMultimap.get("harry"));
    }

  Multimap的实现

  Multimap提供了丰富的实现,所以你可以用它来替代程序里的Map<K, Collection<V>>,具体的实现如下:
  Implementation            Keys 的行为类似          Values的行为类似
  ArrayListMultimap         HashMap                     ArrayList
  HashMultimap               HashMap                     HashSet
  LinkedListMultimap        LinkedHashMap*              LinkedList*
  LinkedHashMultimap      LinkedHashMap                LinkedHashSet
  TreeMultimap                TreeMap                          TreeSet
  ImmutableListMultimap  ImmutableMap                 ImmutableList
  ImmutableSetMultimap  ImmutableMap                 ImmutableSet

  
  以上这些实现,除了immutable的实现都支持null的键和值。
  1.LinkedListMultimap.entries()能维持迭代时的顺序。

  2.LinkedHashMultimap维持插入的顺序,以及键的插入顺序。
  要注意并不是所有的实现都正真实现了Map<K, Collection<V>>!(尤其是有些Multimap的实现为了最小话开销,使用了自定义的hash table)





































http://down.51cto.com/data/2014027
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014028
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014029
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014030
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014031
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014032
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014033
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014034
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014035
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014036
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014037
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014038
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014039
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014040
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014041
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014042
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014043
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014044
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014046
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014047
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014048
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014049
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014050
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014051
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014052
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014053
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014054
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014055
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014056
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014057
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014058
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014059
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014060
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014061
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014062
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014063
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014064
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014065
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014066
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014067
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014068
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014069
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014070
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014071
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014072
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014073
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014074
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014075

http://down.51cto.com/data/2014077
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014078
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014079
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014080
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014081
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014082
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014083
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014084
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014085
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014086
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014087
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014089
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014090
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014091
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014092
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014093
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014094
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014095
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014096
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014097
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014098
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014099
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014100
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014101
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014102
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014103
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014104
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014105
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014106
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014107
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014109
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014110
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014111
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014112
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014113
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014114
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014115
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014116
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014117
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014118
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014119
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014120
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014121
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014122
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014123
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014124
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014125
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014126
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014127
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014128
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014130
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014131
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014132
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014133
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014134
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014135
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014136
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014137
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014138
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014139
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014140
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014141
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014142
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014143
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014144
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014145
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014146
http://down.51cto.com/data/2014147

Guava学习笔记:Guava新增集合类型-Multimap

标签:

原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/anyqu/article/details/44784149

(0)
(0)
   
举报
评论 一句话评论(0
登录后才能评论!
© 2014 mamicode.com 版权所有  联系我们:gaon5@hotmail.com
迷上了代码!