标签：
I‘m using two OpenSUSE systems here:
server:
On the NFS server we run:
zypper install nfs-kernel-server
Then we create the system startup links for the NFS server and start it:
systemctl enable rpcbind.service
systemctl start rpcbind.service
systemctl enable nfsserver.service
systemctl start nfsserver.service
client:
On the client we can install NFS as follows:
zypper install nfs-client
server:
I‘d like to make the directories /home and /var/nfs accessible to the client; therefore we must "export" them on the server.
When a client accesses an NFS share, this normally happens as the user nobody. Usually the /home directory isn‘t owned by nobody (and I don‘t recommend to change its ownership to nobody!), and because we want to read and write on /home, we tell NFS that accesses should be made as root (if our/home share was read-only, this wouldn‘t be necessary). The /var/nfs directory doesn‘t exist, so we can create it and change its ownership to nobody and nogroup:
mkdir /var/nfs
chown nobody:nogroup /var/nfs
Now we must modify /etc/exports where we "export" our NFS shares. We specify /home and /var/nfs as NFS shares and tell NFS to make accesses to /home as root (to learn more about /etc/exports, its format and available options, take a look at
man 5 exports
)
vi /etc/exports
# See the exports(5) manpage for a description of the syntax of this file. # This file contains a list of all directories that are to be exported to # other computers via NFS (Network File System). # This file used by rpc.nfsd and rpc.mountd. See their manpages for details # on how make changes in this file effective. /home 192.168.0.101(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) /var/nfs 192.168.0.101(rw,sync,no_subtree_check) |
(The no_root_squash option makes that /home will be accessed as root.)
Whenever we modify /etc/exports, we must run
exportfs -a
afterwards to make the changes effective.
client:
First we create the directories where we want to mount the NFS shares, e.g.:
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/home
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/var/nfs
Afterwards, we can mount them as follows:
mount 192.168.0.100:/home /mnt/nfs/home
mount 192.168.0.100:/var/nfs /mnt/nfs/var/nfs
You should now see the two NFS shares in the outputs of
df -h
client:~ # df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs 12G 3.4G 7.5G 31% /
devtmpfs 997M 4.0K 997M 1% /dev
tmpfs 1004M 96K 1004M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1004M 580K 1003M 1% /run
/dev/sda2 12G 3.4G 7.5G 31% /
tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 1004M 580K 1003M 1% /var/lock
tmpfs 1004M 580K 1003M 1% /var/run
tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /media
/dev/sda3 17G 387M 16G 3% /home
192.168.0.100:/home/ 12G 1.5G 9.6G 13% /mnt/nfs/home
192.168.0.100:/var/nfs 12G 1.5G 9.6G 13% /mnt/nfs/var/nfs
client:~ #
and
mount
client:~ # mount
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,relatime,size=1020060k,nr_inodes=255015,mode=755)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
/dev/sda2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,relatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,release_agent=/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuacct,cpu)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=24,pgrp=1,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct)
tmpfs on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime)
tmpfs on /media type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=755)
/dev/sda3 on /home type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
none on /proc/fs/vmblock/mountPoint type vmblock (rw,relatime)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /run/user/falko/gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=100)
192.168.0.100:/home/ on /mnt/nfs/home type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.0,rsize=131072,wsize=131072,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,port=0,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.0.15,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.0.100)
192.168.0.100:/var/nfs on /mnt/nfs/var/nfs type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.0,rsize=131072,wsize=131072,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,port=0,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.0.15,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.0.100)
client:~ #
On the client, you can now try to create test files on the NFS shares:
client:
touch /mnt/nfs/home/test.txt
touch /mnt/nfs/var/nfs/test.txt
Now go to the server and check if you can see both test files:
server:
ls -l /home/
server:~ # ls -l /home/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 6 administrator users 4096 Jul 19 17:26 administrator
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Sep 14 20:47 test.txt
server:~ #
ls -l /var/nfs
server:~ # ls -l /var/nfs
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nogroup 0 Sep 14 20:47 test.txt
server:~ #
(Please note the different ownerships of the test files: the /home NFS share gets accessed as root, therefore /home/test.txt is owned by root; the /var/nfs share gets accessed as nobody, therefore /var/nfs/test.txt is owned by nobody.)
Instead of mounting the NFS shares manually on the client, you could modify /etc/fstab so that the NFS shares get mounted automatically when the client boots.
client:
Open /etc/fstab and append the following lines:
vi /etc/fstab
[...] 192.168.0.100:/home /mnt/nfs/home nfs rw,sync,hard,intr 0 0 192.168.0.100:/var/nfs /mnt/nfs/var/nfs nfs rw,sync,hard,intr 0 0 |
Instead of rw,sync,hard,intr you can use different mount options. To learn more about available options, take a look at
man nfs
To test if your modified /etc/fstab is working, reboot the client:
reboot
After the reboot, you should find the two NFS shares in the outputs of
df -h
and
mount
Setting Up An NFS Server And Client On OpenSUSE 12.2
标签：
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jayzee/p/4403938.html
