[草稿]挂载新硬盘

xxx@xxx:/dev$ sudo fdisk -l
[sudo] password for xxx: 

Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders, total 167772160 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0006109e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048   159385599    79691776   83  Linux
/dev/sda2       159387646   167770111     4191233    5  Extended
/dev/sda5       159387648   167770111     4191232   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders, total 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn‘t contain a valid partition table
xxx@xxx:/dev$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xdc2cc610.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won‘t be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition‘s system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-419430399, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-419430399, default 419430399): 
Using default value 419430399

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

xxx@xxx:/$ df -T /dev/sda1
Filesystem     Type 1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1      ext4  78310344 5329308  68980064   8% /
xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
13107200 inodes, 52428544 blocks
2621427 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
1600 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done     

xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mkdir xhome
xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /xhome
xxx@xxx:/$ sudo vim /etc/fstab # edit file fstab according to the file‘s original contents.
xxx@xxx:/$ sudo mount -a  #check if the disk is mounted correctly.