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监听器的作用是监听Web容器的有效事件,它由Servlet容器管理,利用Listener接口监听某个执行程序,并根据该程序的需求做出适应的响应。
例1 应用Servlet监听器统计在线人数。
(1)创建UserInfoList.java类文件,主要是用来存储在线用户和对在线用户进行具体操作。该文件的完整代码如下:
package com.cn.gao; import java.util.Vector; public class UserInfoList { private static UserInfoList user = new UserInfoList(); private Vector vector = null; /* * 利用private调用构造函数,防止被外界产生新的instance对象 */ public UserInfoList(){ this.vector = new Vector(); } //外界使用的instance对象 public static UserInfoList getInstance(){ return user; } //增加用户 public boolean addUserInfo(String user){ if(user!=null){ this.vector.add(user); return true; }else{ return false; } } //获取用户列表 public Vector getList(){ return vector; } //移除用户 public void removeUserInfo(String user){ if(user!=null){ vector.removeElement(user); } } }
(2)创建UserInfoTrace.java类文件,主要实现valueBound(HttpSessionBindingEvent arg0)和valueUnbound(HttpSessionBindingEvent arg0)两个方法。当有对象加入session时,valueBound()方法会自动被执行;当有对象从session中移除时,valueUnbound()方法会被自动执行,在valueBound()和valueUnbound()方法中都加入了输出信息的功能,可使用户在控制台中更清楚地了解执行过程。该文件的完整代码如下:
package com.cn.gao; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingEvent; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingListener; public class UserInfoTrace implements HttpSessionBindingListener { private String user; private UserInfoList container = UserInfoList.getInstance(); public UserInfoTrace(){ user = ""; } //设置在线监听人员 public void setUser(String user){ this.user = user; } //获取在线监听 public String getUser(){ return this.user; } public void valueBound(HttpSessionBindingEvent arg0) { System.out.println("上线"+this.user); } public void valueUnbound(HttpSessionBindingEvent arg0) { System.out.println("下线"+this.user); if(user!=""){ container.removeUserInfo(user); } } }
(3)创建index2.jsp页面文件,用于用户登录,该页面的关键代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP ‘index2.jsp‘ starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <form action="showUser.jsp" method="post" > <table align="center"> <tr> <td align="center" class="2">在线系统</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <input type="text" name="user"/> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <input type="submit" value="登陆"/> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </html>
(3)创建showUser.jsp页面文件,在页面中设置session的setMaxInactiveInterval()为10秒,这样可以缩短session的生命周期。该页面的关键代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%> <%@ page import="com.cn.gao.*" %> <% UserInfoList list = UserInfoList.getInstance(); UserInfoTrace ut = new UserInfoTrace(); String name=request.getParameter("user"); ut.setUser(name); session.setAttribute("list",ut); list.addUserInfo(ut.getUser()); session.setMaxInactiveInterval(10); %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>My JSP ‘showUser.jsp‘ starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <form method="post"> <table align="center"> <tr> <td align="center" class="2"> <h2>在线用户名单</h2> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <textarea rows="8" cols="20"><% Vector vector=list.getList(); if(vector!=null&&vector.size()>0){ for(int i=0;i<vector.size();i++){ out.println(vector.elementAt(i)); } } %> </textarea> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </html>
当用户单击“登录”按钮,就会进入到统计在线人数的界面。
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/gaopeng527/p/4438663.html