IP地址的基本换算实例

标签：ip地址   主机   

IP地址：

00000000. 00000000. 00000000. 00000000

11111111. 11111111. 11111111. 11111111

0.0.0.0               -                 255.255.255.255

A类：      前八位第一位为0的IP地址，为A类：

00000001.0.0.0

01111111.255.255.255

         子网掩码：     255.0.0.0

                                     11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000

                   10.0.0.1

                   255.255.255.0

         1.0.0.0              

         126.255.255.255

         A类：      网段数：         2⁷  只有126个网段

                            主机数：         2²⁴ – 2      =       16777216– 2   = 166777214

                   127.0.0.1         

B类：      前八位用10开头的，为B类：

10000000.0.0.0

10111111.255.25.255

         128.0.0.0

         191.255.255.255

         子网掩码：255.255.0.0

         B类：      网段数：         2¹⁴  16384个网段

                            主机数：         2¹⁶ – 2 =65536 -2 = 65534

C类：      前八位用110开头，为C类

11000000.0.0.0

11011111.255.255.255

         192.0.0.0

         223.255.255.255

         192.168.216.250

         255.0.0.0

         子网掩码：255.255.255.0

         C类：      网段数：         2²¹

                            主机数：         2⁸ -2 = 256-2 =254

D类：     前八位用1110开头，为D类

11100000.0.0.0

11101111.255.255.255

         224.0.0.0

         239.255.255.255

E类：      前八位用1111开头，为E类

11110000.0.0.0

11111111.255.255.255

         240.0.0.0

         255.255.255.255

私有IP地址：

         A：           10.0.0.0  -   10.255.255.255

                            255.0.0.0

         B：           172.16.0.0        -        172.31.255.255

                            255.255.0.0

         C：           192.168.0.0     -        192.168.255.255

                            255.255.255.0

总结：

         1、可用IP地址分为A、B、C三类

         2、每个类别的IP地址中，都有一部分私有IP地址

         3、子网掩码必须和IP地址成对出现

         4、每个网段都有默认子网掩码，用来区分网络位和主机位

子网掩码划分：

         如果子网掩码是1，那么和他对应的IP地址代表网络位

         如果子网掩码是0，那么和他对应的IP地址代表主机位

         子网掩码只要是连续的1，就可用

192.168.1.100                   11000000.10101000.00000001.01100100     /26

255.255.255.128               11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000

         子网划分：

                   2¹网段数                          2

                   主机数：                            2⁷  =128

                   此IP的网络地址：        192.168.1.0

                   此IP的广播地址：        192.168.1.127

192.168.1.100                   11000000.10101000.00000001.01100100

255.255.255.192               11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000

                                               11000000.10101000.00000001.01000000               192.168.1.64

                                               11000000.10101000.00000001.01111111               192.168.1.127

                   网段数：         2²     =  4

                   主机数：         2⁶ – 2 = 64 - 2  =  62

                   网络地址：     192.168.1.64

                   广播地址：     192.168.1.127

1       1                1

1       0                0

0       1                0

0       0                0

子网掩码计算公式：

         网络地址：     把IP地址和子网掩码的二进制相与，得到的就是网络地址

         广播地址：     子网掩码中有几个0，就把IP地址的对应位数换成1，得到的就是广播地址

         网段数：         在有效子网中，有n个1，网段数是2的n次方

         主机数：         在有效子网中，有m个0，主机数就是2的m次方减2

192.168.1.213                   11000000.10101000.00000001.11010101

255.255.255.240               11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000

网络地址：                       11000000.10101000.00000001.11010000               192.168.1.208

广播地址：                       11000000.10101000.00000001.11011111               192.168.1.223

网段数：                   2*4   =  16

主机数：                   2*4 -2  =  14

192.168.1.139                   11000000.10101000.00000001.10001011

255.255.255.248               11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000

网络地址：                       11000000.10101000.00000001.10001000               192.168.1.136

广播地址：                       11000000.10101000.00000001.10001111               192.168.1.143

网段数：                            2*5  =     32

主机数：                            2*3-2=6

192.168.1.179                  

255.255.255.252               11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100

         网络地址：     192.168.1.176

         广播地址：     192.168.1.179

         网段数：         2*6 = 64

         主机数：         2*2 - 2 = 2

192.168.1.97            11000000.10101000.00000001.01100001

255.255.254.0          11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000

.网络地址：             11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000               192.168.0.0

广播地址：              11000000.10101000.00000001.11111111               192.168.1.255

网段数：         2*7

主机数：         2*9-2

         172.16.0.0        11111110.00010000.00000000.00000000

         255.255.254.0  11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000

         网络地址位：11111110.00010000.00000000.00000000  172.16.0.0

         广播位：         11111110.00010000.00000001.11111111  127.16.1.255

         网络位：         2¹⁵

         主机位：         2⁹-2

61.1.1.1

255.255.255.240

子网掩码表格：

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

二进制              十进制                       网段数              主机数

00000000         255.255.255.0          1                          254

10000000         255.255.255.128     2                          126

11000000         255.255.255.192     4                          62

11100000         255.255.255.224     8                          30

11110000         255.255.255.240     16                       14

11111000         255.255.255.248     32                       6

11111100         255.255.255.252     64                       2

10.168.211.49          00001010.10101000.11010011.00110001

255.240.0.0               11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000

         网络地址位：00001010.10100000.00000000.00000000  10.160.0.0

         广播位：         00001010.10101111.11111111.11111111     10.175.255.255

         网络位：2¹²

              主机位：2²⁰-2

172.16.199.217        10100010.00010000.11000111.11011001

255.255.224.0          11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000

         网络地址位：10100010.00010000.11000000.00000000  172.16.192.0

         广播地址位：10100010.00010000.11011111.11111111  172.16.223.255

         网络位：2³

              主机位：2¹³-2

172.16.205.168        10100010.00010000.11001101.10101000.

255.255.255.240     11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000

         网络地址位：10100010.00010000.11001101.10100000127.16.205.160

         广播地址位：10100010.00010000.11001101.10101111127.16.205.175

         网络位：    2⁴

         主机位：        2⁴-2

192.168.1.167          11000000.10101000.00000001.10100111

255.255.248.0          11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000

         网络位地址：11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000               192.168.0.0

         广播位：         11000000.10101000.00000111.11111111               192.168.7.255

         网络位：         2⁵

         主机位：         2¹¹-2

本文出自 “吴老二” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://9827789.blog.51cto.com/9817789/1636268

IP地址的基本换算实例

标签：ip地址   主机   

原文地址：http://9827789.blog.51cto.com/9817789/1636268