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这一节主要关注的还是粘包问题,我们利用recv实现一个recv_peek函数,它的目的是偷窥目的,它是利用recv的一个msg_peek参数与read的区别,read读取后
会擦除缓冲区的内容,而recv结合msg_peek会读取的时候并不擦除缓冲区的内容,起到一个可以偷窥的目的,利用这个特性可以用recv实现一个readline函数
进而利用readline来给出另一个解决回射服务器的粘包问题:
客户端:
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while(0) ssize_t readn(int fd, void *buf, size_t count) { size_t nleft = count; ssize_t nread; char *bufp = (char*)buf; while (nleft > 0) { if ((nread = read(fd, bufp, nleft)) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return -1; } else if (nread == 0) return count - nleft; bufp += nread; nleft -= nread; } return count; } ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count) { size_t nleft = count; ssize_t nwritten; char *bufp = (char*)buf; while (nleft > 0) { if ((nwritten = write(fd, bufp, nleft)) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return -1; } else if (nwritten == 0) continue; bufp += nwritten; nleft -= nwritten; } return count; } // recv_peek的实现 ssize_t recv_peek(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len) { while (1) { int ret = recv(sockfd, buf, len, MSG_PEEK); if (ret == -1 && errno == EINTR) continue; return ret; } } // readline的实现 ssize_t readline(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t maxline) { int ret; int nread; char *bufp = buf; int nleft = maxline; while (1) { ret = recv_peek(sockfd, bufp, nleft); if (ret < 0) //失败 return ret; else if (ret == 0) //对等方关闭 return ret; nread = ret; int i; for (i=0; i<nread; i++) //开始偷窥\n { if (bufp[i] == ‘\n‘) { ret = readn(sockfd, bufp, i+1); if (ret != i+1) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); return ret; } } if (nread > nleft) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); //如果已偷窥的没有\n读取后继续读继续偷窥 nleft -= nread; ret = readn(sockfd, bufp, nread); if (ret != nread) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); bufp += nread; } return -1; } int main(void) { int sock; if ((sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) ERR_EXIT("socket"); struct sockaddr_in servaddr; memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_port = htons(5188); servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) ERR_EXIT("connect"); //这里假如了一个getsockname函数的使用,获取自己的ip和端口号 struct sockaddr_in localaddr; socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(localaddr); //要初始化 if (getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&localaddr, &addrlen) < 0) ERR_EXIT("getsockname"); printf("ip=%s port=%d\n", inet_ntoa(localaddr.sin_addr), ntohs(localaddr.sin_port)); char sendbuf[1024] = {0}; char recvbuf[1024] = {0}; while (fgets(sendbuf, sizeof(sendbuf), stdin) != NULL) { writen(sock, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf)); int ret = readline(sock, recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf)); if (ret == -1) ERR_EXIT("readline"); else if (ret == 0) { printf("client close\n"); break; } fputs(recvbuf, stdout); memset(sendbuf, 0, sizeof(sendbuf)); memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof(recvbuf)); } close(sock); return 0; }
服务器端:
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while(0) ssize_t readn(int fd, void *buf, size_t count) { size_t nleft = count; ssize_t nread; char *bufp = (char*)buf; while (nleft > 0) { if ((nread = read(fd, bufp, nleft)) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return -1; } else if (nread == 0) return count - nleft; bufp += nread; nleft -= nread; } return count; } ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count) { size_t nleft = count; ssize_t nwritten; char *bufp = (char*)buf; while (nleft > 0) { if ((nwritten = write(fd, bufp, nleft)) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return -1; } else if (nwritten == 0) continue; bufp += nwritten; nleft -= nwritten; } return count; } ssize_t recv_peek(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len) { while (1) { int ret = recv(sockfd, buf, len, MSG_PEEK); if (ret == -1 && errno == EINTR) continue; return ret; } } ssize_t readline(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t maxline) { int ret; int nread; char *bufp = buf; int nleft = maxline; while (1) { ret = recv_peek(sockfd, bufp, nleft); if (ret < 0) return ret; else if (ret == 0) return ret; nread = ret; int i; for (i=0; i<nread; i++) { if (bufp[i] == ‘\n‘) { ret = readn(sockfd, bufp, i+1); if (ret != i+1) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); return ret; } } if (nread > nleft) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); nleft -= nread; ret = readn(sockfd, bufp, nread); if (ret != nread) exit(EXIT_FAILURE); bufp += nread; } return -1; } void do_service(int conn) { char recvbuf[1024]; while (1) { memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof(recvbuf)); int ret = readline(conn, recvbuf, 1024); if (ret == -1) ERR_EXIT("readline"); if (ret == 0) { printf("client close\n"); break; } fputs(recvbuf, stdout); writen(conn, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)); } } int main(void) { int listenfd; if ((listenfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) /* if ((listenfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)*/ ERR_EXIT("socket"); struct sockaddr_in servaddr; memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_port = htons(5188); servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); /*servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");*/ /*inet_aton("127.0.0.1", &servaddr.sin_addr);*/ int on = 1; if (setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); if (bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) ERR_EXIT("bind"); if (listen(listenfd, SOMAXCONN) < 0) ERR_EXIT("listen"); struct sockaddr_in peeraddr; socklen_t peerlen = sizeof(peeraddr); int conn; pid_t pid; while (1) { if ((conn = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&peeraddr, &peerlen)) < 0) ERR_EXIT("accept"); printf("ip=%s port=%d\n", inet_ntoa(peeraddr.sin_addr), ntohs(peeraddr.sin_port)); pid = fork(); if (pid == -1) ERR_EXIT("fork"); if (pid == 0) { close(listenfd); do_service(conn); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } else close(conn); } return 0; }
这里的程序都是和先前的关系密切,有一些知识淡忘了可以回顾。
下面介绍两个函数:
gethostname:获取主机名
gethostbyname:利用主机名获取主机地址。
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while(0) int main(void) { char host[100] = {0}; if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0) ERR_EXIT("gethostname"); struct hostent *hp; //查看一下gethostbyname的返回值 if ((hp = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL) ERR_EXIT("gethostbyname"); int i = 0; //这里务必要初始化 while (hp->h_addr_list[i] != NULL) { printf("%s\n", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr*)hp->h_addr_list[i])); i++; } char ip[16] = {0}; getlocalip(ip); printf("localip=%s\n", ip); return 0; }
会有好几个ip都是本机的ip。
下面我们在写一个获取本机默认ip的工具函数:
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while(0) int getlocalip(char *ip) { char host[100] = {0}; if (gethostname(host, sizeof(host)) < 0) return -1; struct hostent *hp; if ((hp = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL) return -1; strcpy(ip, inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr*)hp->h_addr)); return 0; } int main(void) { char ip[16] = {0}; getlocalip(ip); printf("localip=%s\n", ip); return 0; }
写的比较简单,不会的随时度娘。。。。。睡觉了。。。。
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/DamonBlog/p/4461869.html